CC BY
0
vocabulary acquisition. By employing a combination of these methods and tailoring them to the specific needs of their learners, educators can effectively equip students with the essential vocabulary building blocks for successful foreign language learning.
One of the most effective ways of teaching vocabulary is to show students the word. Concrete words (mostly nouns) can usually be conveyed through pictures or realia (real objects). For example, a word like chair (as a noun) is quite easy to teach, by pointing to a chair or by showing a picture. One of the best ways to learn new vocabulary is to use mnemonics or memory aids. The "keyword technique" is a great example of this. Essentially, you make up a story using the new word, the meaning of the word and a word in your native language that sounds similar. Most students acquire vocabulary incidentally through indirect exposure to words at home and at school—by listening and talking, by listening to books read aloud to them, and by reading widely on their own. The amount of reading is important to long-term vocabulary development. References:
1. Nation, P. (2009). Teaching ESL/EFL reading and writing. New York: Routledge.
2. Ma, Q., & Kelly, P. (2006). Computer assisted vocabulary learning: Design and evaluation. Computer Assisted Language Learning.
3. Decarrico, J. S. (2001). Vocabulary learning and teaching. Teaching English as a second or foreign language.
© Aydogdyyeva B.R., 2024
УДК 37
Aydogdyyeva B.R.,
Student of Magtymguly Turkmen State University,
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
THE EFFECTIVE WAYS OF TRANSLATING PROVERBS Annotation
Proverbs are wise sayings that express general truths or pieces of advice, often based on common sense or experience. They are typically short, memorable, and metaphorical, using figurative language to convey their meaning.
Keywords:
meaning, proverbs, foreign languages, general, translate.
Айдогдыева Б.Р., студентка Туркменского государственного университета имени Махтумкули,
Ашхабад, Туркменистан
ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЕ СПОСОБЫ ПЕРЕВОДА ПОСЛОВИКОВ Аннотация
Пословицы - это мудрые высказывания, выражающие общие истины или советы, часто основанные на здравом смысле или опыте. Они, как правило, короткие, запоминающиеся и метафоричны, в них используется образный язык, чтобы передать свое значение.
Ключевые слова: смысл, пословицы, иностранные языки, общее, перевод.
Translating proverbs well goes beyond just finding the dictionary definition of each word. Here are some key strategies: Focus on meaning, not just words: A literal translation might not convey the true message. Aim for a proverb in the target language that has the same underlying concept and impact as the original. Translating proverbs can be tricky! Here are some effective ways to navigate this: Finding an Equivalent Proverb: This is the ideal scenario. Check if the target language has a proverb conveying the same message and meaning. This ensures cultural relevance and impact. Cultural Adaptation: Sometimes, direct equivalents don't exist. In that case, find a proverb in the target language with a similar message, even if the imagery differs.
Paraphrasing: If a good equivalent isn't available, paraphrase the proverb's meaning in clear, concise language for the target audience. Focus on Function: Proverbs offer wisdom or guidance. Strive to capture the core message and its applicability in the target culture, even if the wording changes. Consider the Audience: Tailor the translation to the target audience's understanding. Avoid obscure references or complex sentence structures.
Literal translation might not work: «Don't cry over spilled milk» in some cultures might have a proverb about missed opportunities.
Think «dynamic equivalence» vs. «formal equivalence»: Formal equivalence focuses on translating the exact wording, which can lead to awkward or nonsensical proverbs in the target language. Dynamic equivalence aims to capture the overall meaning and impact of the proverb, even if the wording changes. This is usually the better approach for proverbs. Proverbs are a valuable source of wisdom and guidance, passed down through generations. They can offer insights into human nature, provide advice on navigating life's challenges, and help us to understand the world around us.
References:
1. Archer Taylor. 1931. The Proverb. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
2. Neil Norrick. 1985. How Proverbs Mean: Semantic Studies in English Proverbs. Amsterdam: Mouton.
3. Finnegan, Ruth. Oral Literature in Africa. The Saylor Foundation, 1982.
© Aydogdyyeva B.R., 2024
УДК 37
Nurymova K.,
A senior teacher of Magtymguly Turkmen State University,
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Kadyrova A.,
Student of Magtymguly Turkmen State University,
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
CHANGES OF MEANING Annotation
Changes of meaning, also known as semantic change, is a fascinating phenomenon in language. It refers to the way words and phrases evolve over time, gaining new meanings, losing old ones, or shifting subtly in their connotations.
Keywords:
meaning, world, different languages, stage, languages, phrases.
