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УДК 37
Agamyradova A.,
instructor, Aydogdyyeva B.,
student,
Magtymguly Turkmen State University, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Bashekova O.,
Student of Pedagogical Secondary Vocational School named after Berdimuhamed Annayev,
Arkadag, Turkmenistan
USING OF THE WORKS OF MAGTYMGULY PYRAGY IN THE ANALYSIS OF LEXICAL-GRAMMATICAL FEATURES OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Annotation
This article explores how the works of Pyragy can be employed to analyze the lexical and grammatical structures of foreign languages, particularly in relation to the nuances of Turkmen and comparative linguistic studies. The use of Pyragy's texts provides a rich source for understanding the universality of linguistic features across languages and can aid in the development of linguistic typology and translation studies.
Keywords:
Magtymguly Pyragy, Turkmen literature, lexical features, grammatical features, comparative linguistics.
Introduction
Magtymguly Pyragy is considered one of the greatest poets in Turkmen literature. His works, ranging from epic poems to philosophical musings, are deeply embedded in the Turkmen cultural and linguistic heritage. Pyragy's writings are a valuable source for linguistic analysis, offering insights into the lexical and grammatical structures of the Turkmen language. While much of the scholarly attention on Pyragy has focused on literary and cultural aspects, his works are also highly relevant for the comparative study of languages and linguistics.
In the realm of foreign language analysis, Pyragy's writings present an excellent opportunity to explore how specific lexical and grammatical phenomena in Turkmen can be compared with those found in other languages. This comparative approach not only aids in understanding the peculiarities of the Turkmen language but also facilitates a deeper exploration of linguistic universals that may transcend cultural boundaries.
The Lexical Features of Pyragy's Works
Pyragy's poetic and philosophical language is rich with imagery, symbolism, and culturally specific terms. In analyzing the lexical features of his works, scholars can identify the following key characteristics:
- Semantic Fields: Pyragy frequently explores themes of love, spirituality, nature, and the human condition, which are reflected in his lexical choices. This allows for an analysis of how specific semantic fields are structured in Turkmen and their equivalents in other languages.
- Word Formation and Derivation: Pyragy's use of derived forms in his poetry, especially through affixes and compound words, provides insight into the morphological structures of Turkmen. By comparing these features to the morphological structures of other languages, it is possible to investigate the universality or specificity of word-formation processes.
- Lexical Borrowing: In some of Pyragy's works, there are instances of lexical borrowing from Persian, Arabic, and other regional languages, which provide an opportunity for exploring how foreign vocabulary influences the lexicon of a language and how it is adapted to fit the grammatical norms of the Turkmen language.
By conducting a lexical analysis of Pyragy's texts, linguists can gain insights into how specific word choices and semantic shifts reflect broader linguistic trends and the interaction between cultures.
Grammatical Features in Pyragy's Works
The grammatical structures present in Pyragy's works offer another fertile ground for linguistic analysis. Key grammatical features that can be analyzed include:
- Morphosyntactic Structures: Turkmen, like many Turkic languages, is agglutinative. Pyragy's use of suffixes to indicate grammatical relationships such as tense, aspect, case, and possession provides an excellent corpus for studying the use of agglutination. In a comparative analysis with agglutinative languages like Turkish or Finnish, researchers can explore the typological similarities and differences in the way grammatical meaning is encoded.
- Word Order and Syntax: Pyragy's syntax, though often influenced by the demands of meter and poetic form, generally adheres to a subject-object-verb (SOV) order, typical of many Turkic languages. This allows for an exploration of syntactic flexibility and the syntactic principles that govern word order, particularly in poetic language where syntax may be more fluid.
- Grammatical Gender and Agreement: Though Turkmen does not have grammatical gender, Pyragy's works exhibit the use of noun-adjective agreements and pronominal forms that allow linguists to examine how grammatical features such as number, case, and person are conveyed in a non-gendered language. Comparison with gendered languages like French or Spanish offers insight into how languages that lack gender distinctions manage agreement in different contexts.
- Verbal Aspect and Tense: The treatment of verb forms in Pyragy's poetry, with their nuanced expressions of tense, aspect, and modality, provides an opportunity for examining how Turkmen encodes time and action in contrast to foreign languages, particularly in Indo-European languages where aspect and tense are marked differently.
Application in Foreign Language Analysis
Using Pyragy's works to analyze the lexical and grammatical features of foreign languages is particularly valuable in comparative linguistics and translation studies. By examining how the same ideas are expressed in both Turkmen and other languages, scholars can better understand cross-linguistic similarities and differences.
- Translation Studies: The translation of Pyragy's works into foreign languages presents challenges due to the cultural and linguistic nuances embedded in his language. Analyzing these translations can reveal how lexical and grammatical choices in Turkmen are mapped onto those in other languages, providing a deeper understanding of the difficulties and strategies involved in literary translation.
- Linguistic Typology: Pyragy's works, when placed in a typological context, can help identify the specific grammatical features of Turkmen in relation to other languages, whether agglutinative, fusional, or isolating. This typological analysis enhances our understanding of how languages construct meaning differently and how these constructions influence translation and cross-linguistic communication.
Conclusion
Magtymguly Pyragy's literary corpus is not only a profound cultural and poetic treasure but also a key resource for linguistic analysis. By using his works to analyze the lexical and grammatical features of Turkmen, researchers can gain valuable insights into the broader landscape of foreign language analysis. The comparative study of these linguistic features offers opportunities for understanding language universals, typology, and translation strategies, making Pyragy's works an indispensable tool in the fields of comparative linguistics and foreign language education. References:
1. Ivanov, D. (2016). Agglutination and Syntactic Structures in Turkic Languages: A Comparative Study. Journal of Linguistics.
© Agamyradova A., Aydogdyyeva B., Bashekova O., 2024
