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2. Ellis, R. (2003). Task-based Language Learning and Teaching. Oxford University Press.
3. Richards, J.C., & Rodgers, T.S. (2014). Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press.
4. Nunan, D. (2004). Task-Based Language Teaching. Cambridge University Press.
© Akmammedova A., Agayeva M., 2024
УДК 37
Akyyeva Y.S.,
senior lecturer Bashimova M.B.,
student
Turkmen state institute of finance FEATURES OF THE USE OF ECONOMIC TERMS IN ENGLISH AND TURKMEN LANGUAGES
Abstract
This article explores the features of economic terminology in English and Turkmen languages, focusing on linguistic structures, semantic aspects, and cultural nuances. It investigates the influence of globalization on economic vocabulary and the challenges of translating economic terms between these languages. The study aims to contribute to the field of comparative linguistics and facilitate cross-linguistic understanding in economic discourse.
Introduction. The rapid globalization of economies has led to an increased need for precise and unified economic terminology. While English dominates as the global lingua franca in business and economics, Turkmen—a language of a developing economy—represents a rich yet distinct linguistic framework. This paper examines the structure, usage, and evolution of economic terms in English and Turkmen, shedding light on their similarities and differences.
Characteristics of Economic Terms in English.
Economic terminology in English is characterized by its clarity, conciseness, and frequent borrowing from Latin and French. The language evolves dynamically to accommodate new concepts introduced by technological advancements and economic innovations. English economic terms often exhibit polysemy, where a single term can have multiple related meanings depending on the context. For instance, the word "capital" can refer to financial assets, resources, or the seat of government.
Another feature of English economic language is its reliance on compound words and phrases, such as gross domestic product (GDP) and foreign direct investment (FDI). Such terms encapsulate complex concepts succinctly, making them adaptable in academic and professional settings.
Features of Economic Terms in Turkmen.
Turkmen, as part of the Turkic language family, exhibits distinct phonetic and morphological structures that influence its economic terminology. Turkmen economic vocabulary is deeply rooted in its cultural and historical context, often employing descriptive phrases to define complex terms. For example, the term ykdysady osu§ directly translates to "economic development."
Unlike English, Turkmen relies less on loanwords, preferring native derivations or adaptations. However, globalization and international trade have led to an increasing presence of borrowed terms, especially from
Russian, Persian, and English. Terms such as bank and investisiya (investment) demonstrate this borrowing trend. Comparative Analysis
Structural Differences. English economic terms tend to use compound words and acronyms, while Turkmen frequently employs descriptive expressions. For instance, interest rate in English corresponds to prosent derejesi in Turkmen, where the term is explained through a phrase rather than a single compound word. Semantic Nuances.
Semantic discrepancies between English and Turkmen terms often arise due to cultural and economic differences. For example, the concept of free market in English carries ideological connotations rooted in Western economic theory, which may not align with the centralized economic models historically prevalent in Turkmenistan.
Challenges in Translation.
The translation of economic terms between English and Turkmen faces challenges due to differing grammatical systems and conceptual frameworks. Terms such as hedging or quantitative easing may lack direct equivalents in Turkmen, requiring paraphrasing or explanations. Globalization and Language Adaptation.
The integration of global economic practices has significantly impacted both languages. English continues to contribute new terms, while Turkmen adapts by incorporating foreign words or coining new ones. Institutions like Turkmenistan's Academy of Sciences play a role in standardizing terminology to ensure clarity and consistency.
Conclusion. The comparative study of economic terms in English and Turkmen reveals the profound influence of linguistic, cultural, and economic factors. While English excels in brevity and adaptability, Turkmen emphasizes descriptive clarity and cultural relevance. Understanding these features is crucial for effective communication in international economic contexts. Future research could focus on developing comprehensive bilingual glossaries and exploring the role of technology in bridging linguistic gaps. References:
1. Crystal, D. (2003). English as a Global Language. Cambridge University Press.
2. Kokge, F. (2020). Turkic Linguistic Traditions and Modern Adaptations. Anatolia Press.
3. Turkmen Academy of Sciences. (2021). Standardizing Economic Terminology in Turkmen.
© Akyyeva Y.S., Bashimova M.B., 2024
УДК 37
Alimova S. A.,
instructor. Amanaova A.,
student.
Magtymguly Turkmen State University.
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
MAGTYMGULY PYRAGY IS THE GREAT TURKMEN POET Annotation
Magtymguly Pyragy stands as one of the most prominent figures in Turkmen literature, widely regarded as the national poet of Turkmenistan. His contributions to the development of Turkmen language, culture, and
