CC BY
0
2. «7.4 Radio's Impact on Culture». 22 March 2016 - via open.lib.umn.edu.
3. «The Impact Of Radio On American Popular Music; Ben Vaughn». www.benvaughn.com.
4. Schaeffer, P. (1966), Traité des objets musicaux, Le Seuil, Paris.
© Aydogdyyeva B.R., 2024
УДК 37
Ishankuliyeva O.M.,
Associate Professor, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Magtymguly Turkmen State University, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Ovlyagulyyeva L., A student of Magtymguly Turkmen State University,
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
PHONETIC PECULIARITIES OF ENGLISH Annotation
Language is made up of words, which in turn are made up of phonemes (sound categories that convey meaning) and phones (sound categories that do not necessarily convey meaning). The elements making up and distinguishing phones are phonetic features. Additional characteristics of speech are pitch, intonation, and rate.
Keywords:
language, phonetics, meaning, words, categories, phonemes.
Ишанкулиева О.М.,
Доцент, кандидат филологических наук Туркменского государственного университета имени Махтумкули,
Ашхабад, Туркменистан Овлягулыева Л., Студентка
Туркменского государственного университета имени Махтумкули,
Ашхабад, Туркменистан
ФОНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА Аннотация
Язык состоит из слов, которые, в свою очередь, состоят из фонем (звуковых категорий, передающих значение) и телефонов (звуковых категорий, которые не обязательно передают значение). Элементами, составляющими и отличающими телефоны, являются фонетические особенности. Дополнительными характеристиками речи являются высота звука, интонация и темп.
Ключевые слова: язык, фонетика, значение, слова, категории, фонемы.
English grammar is considered to be very difficult to learn. In fact, if we single out particularly problematic aspects, phonetics will certainly come first.
The thing is that traditionally there is a huge difference in the number of letters and sounds in the English language. It is known that the alphabet was compiled on the basis of Latin. And it did not contain many sounds that were present in English speech. Today there are one and a half times fewer letters. Therefore, the same written symbol can be read in any way, depending on its location, nearby letters and even tradition.
Moreover, many words change their sound composition naturally or in subtle ways over time. And this is understandable: they speak the language much more often than they write. But the alphabet has remained unchanged for many hundreds of years.
Realizing this situation as a big problem, scientists came up with a graphical representation of sounds and introduced the concept of transcription.
The characteristic sounds and patterns that are used in a particular language are referred to as phonological features. These characteristics of speech sounds include phonemes, allophones, syllables, intonation, stress, and other elements.
English, a language renowned for its vast vocabulary and historical intrigue, can also be considered a phonetic labyrinth. Unlike many languages with a clear link between spelling and sound, English throws curveballs at every turn. Dive into the fascinating world of its phonetic peculiarities, and you'll find a treasure trove of inconsistencies, historical influences, and regional variations.
1. The Great Vowel Vendetta: One glaring oddity is the inconsistent representation of vowel sounds. Take the letter «a,» for example. It can transform into various sounds depending on the word (think «bat,» «bait,» and «father»). This inconsistency stems from English's linguistic journey, absorbing influences from French, Latin, and Germanic languages, each with their own vowel systems.
2. Silent Letters: Masters of Misdirection: English loves to play hide-and-seek with letters. Silent letters like the «k» in «knee» and the «h» in «hour» add a layer of complexity, leaving learners perplexed. These silent sentinels are remnants of historical pronunciation shifts, leaving us with visual cues that no longer match the spoken word.
3. Homophones: Masters of Wordplay (and Confusion): Homophones, words with the same pronunciation but different spellings and meanings (like «bear» and «bare»), add another layer of challenge. This quirk can lead to hilarious misunderstandings but also fuels creative wordplay and puns.
4. The «R» Conundrum: The elusive «r» sound presents a unique case. In American English, it often disappears entirely after vowels (think «car» and «father»). In other dialects, like British English, it's pronounced more robustly. This variation highlights the diverse phonetic landscape of English across regions.
5. Stress Marks: The Unsung Heroes: Unlike many languages, English rarely uses stress marks to indicate where the emphasis lies in a word. This can make pronunciation tricky, as «record» (noun) and «record» (verb) have different stresses, altering their meaning entirely.
Understanding these phonetic quirks can not only improve your pronunciation but also deepen your appreciation for the language's history and evolution. It's a journey of discovery, revealing the fascinating interplay between writing systems, spoken language, and regional influences.
Remember, mastering English pronunciation is a marathon, not a sprint. Embrace the journey, revel in the oddities, and enjoy the rich tapestry of sounds that make this language truly unique.
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA): Learn the symbols that represent speech sounds for scientific analysis and pronunciation research.
Online pronunciation dictionaries: Get real-time audio samples of words and practice mimicking them.
Dialect maps: Explore the fascinating variations in pronunciation across different regions.
The English pronunciation of many words may seem unusual to beginners. But don't despair - the standard British accent is difficult to acquire in a couple of lessons. And since English is the language of international communication, in communications with foreigners, as a rule, perfect pronunciation plays a lesser role than competent speech and the ability to understand the interlocutor. A more serious study of phonetics is
worthwhile for those who plan to live and work in an English-speaking country, especially in the UK. At the same time, residents of the multinational United States, as a rule, are more tolerant of the accent of their interlocutor. It is also worth remembering that there are a huge number of dialects, and English speakers from, say, Dublin and Texas may not immediately understand each other.
The variety of sounds in English surprises many, and the theoretical materials seem endless. The advice is simple - spend more time communicating with native speakers. Dialogues with the British will help you remember the pronunciation features of frequently used words. Pay attention to stress, intonation, and emotional connotations of the lexemes used by your interlocutor. References:
1. Cancer Research UK, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
2. Snow white1991, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
© Ishankuliyeva O.M., Ovlyagulyyeva L., 2024
УДК 37
Malikova M.,
Teacher of Magtymguly Turkmen State University.
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
USING IDIOMS IN SPEAKING Annotation
Idioms are a type of figurative language writers can use to add dynamism and character to otherwise stale writing. Writers can also use idioms to: Add humor: Idiomatic expressions can help transform flat descriptions with the help of a funny turn-of-phrase. Idioms, however, perform many functions in academic communication: describing and evaluating, emphasising, paraphrasing, creating a sense of group identity, and marking a change of topic.
Keywords:
idioms, topic, language, speaking, phrase.
Маликова М.,
Преподаватель
Туркменского государственного университета имени Махтумкули.
Ашхабад, Туркменистан.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ИДИОМ В РАЗГОВОРЕ Аннотация
Идиомы — это тип образного языка, который писатели могут использовать, чтобы добавить динамизма и характера к устаревшему письму. Писатели также могут использовать идиомы, чтобы: добавить юмора. Идиоматические выражения могут помочь преобразить плоские описания с помощью забавных оборотов фраз. Однако идиомы выполняют множество функций в академическом общении: описывают и оценивают, подчеркивают, перефразируют, создают ощущение групповой идентичности и отмечают смену темы.
