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Further investigations are necessary to discover the articulatory mechanisms of the components of intonation.
The definition of intonation given above is a broad definition. It reflects the actual interconnection and interaction of melody, sentence stress, rhythm and timbre in speech.
A great number of phoneticians abroad, including Jones, Armstrong and Ward, Pike, Kingdon, Gimson, O'Connor and Arnold define intonation as the variation of the pitch of the voice, thus reducing it to just one component - speech melody. This is a narrow definition of intonation.
Used Literature:
1. Abduazizov A.A. Theoretical Phonetics of Modern English, T-1986, p.142
2. Alimardanov R.A., Pronounciation Theory of English, T-2009, p. 94
3. Daniyeva M.Dj. Comparative study of novel genre in modern prose. Научный электронный журнал «Матрица научного познания». Уфа, № 12-1/2023. - С. 395-398.
© Эгамуротова М.Н., 2024
УДК: 80. 801. 3310
Ergasheva A.A.
4 th-year student of University of Economics and Pedagogy, Karshi city, Republic of Uzbekistan Scientific supervisor: prof. Daniyeva M. J.,
Doctor of Sciences in Philology, University of Economics and Pedagogy, Karshi city, Republic of Uzbekistan
SUBSTANTIVATION OF ADJECTIVES IN MODERN ENGLISH
Abstract
The article deals with the problems of Substantivation of Adjectives in Modern English which is actual because transposition of adjectives into the class of appellative nouns has its own expressive value. In colloquial English this is rather a frequent occurrence. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the fact that the obtained results of the qualification paper can be used as a theoretical material at the lectures on Stylistics, Lexicology, Literature and so on.
Keywords
Adjective, substantivation, appellative nouns, frequent occurrence, expressive value.
Эргашева А. А.
студентка 4 курса Университета Экономики и педагогики, г. Карши, Узбекистан Научный руководитель: проф. Даниева М.Дж.,
Доктор филологических наук, Университет Экономики и педагогики, г. Карши, Узбекистан
СУБСТАНТИВАЦИЯ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Аннотация
Статья посвящена проблемам субстантивации прилагательных в современном английском языке, что актуально, так как транспозиция прилагательных в класс нарицательных существительных обладает собственной выразительной ценностью. В разговорном английском это довольно частое явление. Теоретическая значимость исследования заключается в том, что полученные результаты могут быть использованы в качестве теоретического материала на лекциях по стилистике, лексикологии, литературе и другим дисциплинам.
Ключевые слова
прилагательное, субстантивация, нарицательные существительные, частое явление, выразительная ценность.
Derivation without a derivative morpheme has been variously treated by grammarians. It has been customary to speak of the conversion of nouns, adjectives and verbs. The term conversion has been used for various things. A. Kruisinga, for instance, makes reference to conversion whenever a word takes on a function which is not its basic one, as the use of an adjective as a primary (the poor, the British, shreds of pink, at his best). He includes here quotation words (his" I don't know's" and nouns used as pre-adjuncts like stone wall and this does not seem justified. Distinction must naturally be made between wholly and partly substantivised adjectives.
Modern English adjectives may be either wholly or partly substantivised. By wholly substantivised adjectives we mean adjectives wholly converted into nouns. Such adjectives may be preceded by the article, take the plural inflection and may be used in the possessive case, e. g.: a native, the native, two natives, a native's character, etc.
Adjectives only partly converted into nouns take the definite article (as regular nouns do) but are neither inflected for the plural nor can be used in the possessive case. The definite article has also a different function from that it would have when used with a noun: the happy means "happy people" in general. Such substantivised adjectives keep much of their adjectival nature, which we see in the possibility of qualifying them by means of adverbs: e. g. the really happy.
Substantivation of abstract adjectives intensifies the word meaning and often serves stylistic purposes as a colourful means of emphasis in literary style. Substantivation of adjectives of colour for stylistic purposes is also rather a frequent occurrence: What you have on — that flax-blue — is admirable for colour; background of sky — through that window — yes, not too blue — an English white in it. (Galsworthy).
Without the expedition there would be no future, only a present, an ocean of darkness behind the thin blue of the day, a circle of bleak horizons dotted by fires burning out their derelict flames. (Sillitoe).
Transposition of adjectives into the class of appellative nouns has its own expressive value. In colloquial English this is rather a frequent occurrence.
Used Literature:
1. Аikеn J.R. A New Plan of English Grammar, 1933, cited in M. Bryant. A Functional English Grammar. Boston, 1947, p. 208;
2. Halliday, Michael A.K. 1994. An Introduction to Functional Grammar (2nd ed.). London: Edward Arnold.
3. Daniyeva M.Dj. Cognitive interpretation of text creation // Структурная модернизация науки как основа устойчивого развития общества. Международная научно-практическая конференция. Уфа, Россия, 2023. -с. 162-164.
© Эргашева А.А., 2024
