CC BY
6
УДК 37.017.4
AVERKOV A.N.
Competitor of the Department of Content and Methods of Education State Educational Institution "Academy of Education",
Minsk, Republic of Belarus
Received 30 March 2024
RELEVANCE OF PATRIOTIC EDUCATION OF STUDENTS AND TRADITIONAL VALUES OF THE BELARUSIAN PEOPLE1
The author of the article suggests paying special attention to the relevance and timeliness of patriotic education of students, which is focused on preserving the historical memory, national culture and traditional values of the Belarusian people.
Keywords: traditional values, patriotic education, family values, human spirituality, patriot.
А.Н. АВЕРКОВ
соискатель кафедры психологии, содержания и методов воспитания ГУО «Академия образования», г. Минск, Республика Беларусь
АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ ПАТРИОТИЧЕСКОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ УЧАЩИХСЯ И ТРАДИЦИОННЫЕ ЦЕННОСТИ БЕЛОРУССКОГО НАРОДА
Автор статьи предлагает обратить особое внимание на актуальность и своевременность патриотического воспитания учащихся, которое ориентированно на сохранение исторической памяти, национальной культуры и традиционных ценностей белорусского народа.
Ключевые слова: традиционные ценности, патриотическое воспитание, семейные ценности, духовность человека, патриот.
1 Статья публикуется в авторской редакции.
Introduction. The ever-changing multipolar world, ongoing regional conflicts, international terrorism and multi-format crises that accompany the development of man-made civilization actualize the patriotic education of students more than ever before, which is associated with the preservation of historical memory, national culture and traditional values of the Belarusian people [1]. As the modern person perceives progressive ideas, adapting to technological progress, the struggle to preserve the historical memory and traditions of the Belarusian people becomes more and more obvious and paramount. The interaction between tradition and modernity actualizes axiological constants, highlighting human spirituality [2, p. 97]. Traditional values are customs, traditions, beliefs that a particular social group transmits from generation to generation. And such ingrained attitudes and rules are based on religious teachings, cultural norms, social experience, forming the perception of the individual, influencing human behavior and attitude towards the family and society, through the axiological prism of civil-patriotic education [3, p. 8]. Traditional values can be very different, since different social groups can be focused on completely different pole axiological bases and national interest. So, in some cultures, family and blood relations are highly valued, and it is expected that a person will give preference to the needs of his family members, and not just his interests. In other cultures, social harmony and respect for the authority of the "significant other" are the most important value (family values) and the basis of patriotic education, which regulates the behavior of the person and group in society. The colossal importance of traditional values lies in their role in maintaining stability in society and consolidation, providing a sense of continuity, collective identity, and most importantly, value guidelines of the modern personality. However, traditional values can also be a source of conflict and personal discomfort, especially when they conflict with existing practices and accepted moral norms that dominate a particular social group.
The traditional values of the Belarusian people are subject to constant evolution and adaptation. Technological progress, globalization, demographic shifts contribute to a change in accepted moral norms and traditional values. The question of whether traditional values can be preserved in the context of globalization or will
be transformed in the process of adaptation remains open today, since the dialectic of the axiological orientation of the progress of technogenic civilization is becoming more relevant [4, p. 11]. Innovative technologies dynamically change the picture of the world, moral and ethical attitudes are transformed, the content of cultural stereotypes changes, and the value orientations of the person change. The emergence of technology ethics highlights the need to strike a balance between preserving traditional knowledge and introducing innovation. And in the conditions of a rapidly changing technological landscape, digital preservation methods should be in demand in order to protect historical archives and preserve the historical memory of the Belarusian people (cultural customs, national language, generally accepted moral norms). It is the Internet that today serves as a platform for preserving traditions and connecting people with their roots, thanks to the many historical documents, sound recordings and other forms of media available on the Internet. Social media and virtual reality also provide an opportunity for people to learn and share the wisdom of past generations. In addition, modern technologies contribute to a productive conversation about traditions in order to determine what values should be preserved in our time, so that the nation can maintain cohesion without limiting individual freedom, while integrating generally accepted moral norms and traditional values of the Belarusian people.
Main part. The relevance of patriotic education of students and traditional values are very important for maintaining adequate sociocultural reflection in society in the process of emphasizing the spirituality of a modern person. As social reality becomes more diverse and multidimensional, the axiological aspects of modern existence can and should be actualized within the framework of state ideology and the design of educational work in educational institutions [5, p. 58]. It is no secret that today there is an increase in individualism and pragmatism in society, a wave-like evolution of gender roles, which, against the background of globalization and technological progress, determines the behavior of the individual, transforming the traditional values of the Belarusian people. Objective changes in the existing social reality challenge generally accepted moral standards, but they, as practice shows, do not radically change the tra-
ditional values of the Belarusian people (respect, hard work, honesty, loyalty, sympathy, family, homeland).
And apparently it is no coincidence that in the conditions of dynamically progressive axiological world eclecticism, the traditional values of the Belarusian people demonstrate unsurpassed resilience in the face of rapidly changing circumstances, not always unpredictable trends in the development of man-made civilization [2, p. 97]. And the deeper humanity plunges into axiological chaos, demonstrating the different sectors of cultural dimensions, the more noticeable the contradiction between tradition and progress becomes which today is of priority.
Most likely, finding a balance between innovation and tradition means recognizing leadership behind traditional values that do not prevent inevitable social change and scientific and technological progress. To achieve an evolutionary balance, it is necessary to use phased integration that allows traditions to coexist with modern achievements, promoting mutual understanding between different generations and socio-cultural cooperation between countries, which actualizes the need to preserve historical memory, labor heritage, national culture and traditional values of the Belarusian people [6, p. 156]. Patriotism is a worldview phenomenon that consolidates society and in the process of patriotic education, the younger generation forms a careful attitude to the history of their native land and national customs, to the traditions of the Belarusian people and family values, healthy culture, and the establishment of friendly relations with other peoples. Patriotic education aimed at the formation of traditional values and value orientations that allow you to fully realize your function as a citizen and patriot of your country, which is one of the effective tools for ensuring spiritual security. Undoubtedly, the key in the process of upbringing and training of the younger generation is a unified education system (patriotic classes, patriotic clubs, museums in state educational institutions, DOSAAF, patriotic Centers, etc.).
Patriotism, as a personal and emotional experience of its belonging to the country and its citizenship, as a basic moral principle and a special social feeling, the content of which is love for the Fatherland, is characterized by a willingness to subordinate its personal interests to state priorities. It is also pride in the achievements of the science and culture of his country, the desire to
preserve its cultural and national features, the desire to protect the interests of the Motherland and his people even at the cost of his own life.
Patriotism is able to unite the Belarusian society, reveal for many compatriots the meaning of their work and their own lives, bring the modern personality closer to understanding that responsibility, duty to their homeland, which is most important, since today Belarusians need to consolidate, going beyond corporatism, socioclass, national-ethnic, religious differences. Patriotic education is carried out by various methods and the most important place is occupied by the work of the pedagogical team to study the state symbols of the Republic of Belarus (coat of arms, flag, anthem), as well as acquaintance with the life and activities of prominent fellow countrymen: teachers, economists, agronomists, doctors, military personnel, politicians, architects, artists, musicians, poets, writers, clergy, athletes, scientists. And no one now doubts that the formation of a patriot is a multi-syllable process of improving the cultural model, the implementation of the socio-cultural goal of the socially significant result of personal development, as one of their fundamental guidelines for the education of patriotism in the Republic of Belarus. By fostering an open dialogue about which elements are worth preserving or modifying, communities can work together to create a harmonious environment in which both old and new perspectives can flourish. Existing traditions are an example of how society adapts practice to a constantly changing social reality by actively introducing innovative ideas, focusing on traditional values. For example, at present, many religious institutions offer online worship services for those who cannot attend face-to-face meetings, so special emphasis is placed on virtual platforms that demonstrate technological progress and preserve basic ideas, community connections that are central to the life of any religious community. Apparently, achieving the optimal balance between tradition and progress requires careful attitude of all subjects of educational relations. One of the ways to develop traditions is to encourage open dialogue within a social group, provide a dialogue platform based on traditional axiological attitudes and morality generally accepted in Belarusian society. In this context, education plays an important role in preserving the cultural heritage and transferring the traditional values of the Belarusian people to the younger generation. The systematic conduct
of classes on the ideology of the Belarusian state, the history of Belarus, the philosophy of culture, social practices and moral and ethical beliefs in the curriculum allows you to educate a patriot who respects folk traditions.
Patriotism involves pride in the achievements of their homeland in all spheres of public life, the desire to preserve the identity of their country and the feed of a person's personal aspirations, traditional values are necessary. It is this that reinforces a sense of identity, nurtures patriotism and respect for other cultures. At the same time, pedagogical communication is crucial for preserving the time-proven traditional values of the Belarusian people in the context of rapid changes in the geopolitical landscape [7, p. 423]. Teachers, educators, psychologists, social teachers are personally responsible for creating a creative information and educational space that stimulates the interest of students and their parents in generally accepted moral standards in the process of crystallization of the national idea [8]. Modern parents and educators of students should be careful in their interpretation of various points of view, so as not to impose rigid attitudes or suppress the individuality of representatives of the younger generation, to demonstrate patriotism by personal example. Educating peacefulness, creativity and adaptability in state educational institutions, it is important for the pedagogical team to aim parents and students at creating, constantly working «on themselves», focusing on the traditional values of the Belarusian people and the mandatory adjustment of moral principles in conditions when the person is in a tense, contradictory state, subjected to complex tests: moral, spiritual, psychological and material [9, p. 19].
Conclusion. A nation united by love for its homeland is able to make its country stable and promising, able to compete with dignity at the international level. And today in the Republic of Belarus, as always, it is love for their homeland that is the foundation uniting the Belarusian people, who understand that their strength is in hard work and unity. While we are looking for ways to build on which destructive social change must be resisted, because objective transformations simultaneously open up opportunities for growth and prospective development of society. And as a person and society become more multidimensional, it is important not only to push traditional values aside, but necessarily to actualize them in the process of patriotic educa-
tion of students. Ultimately, finding a balance between preserving valuable traditional elements and embracing progress can be critical to navigating the complex landscape of social dynamics [10]. As society develops and becomes more susceptible to different viewpoints, finding ways to balance traditional values and modern ideas such as empathy, tolerance, inclusivity becomes more meaningful to the modern person. And while some traditions may need to be reassessed and adapted, others continue to serve as guidelines to encourage mutual respect between people from different backgrounds. Apparently, it is crucial to find a balance between preserving time-tested values and adapting them to changing social ideals in order to ensure the preservation of traditional values in the context of rapid globalization, without limiting freedom, without suppressing the creative potential of the individual. Since technogenic civilization is developing rapidly, cultural stereotypes are dynamically changing (castling gender roles, shifting status accents, etc.). Thus, recognizing gender inequality, learning from the experience of those who fought it, it is possible to initiate social relations where everyone, regardless of gender, has the opportunity to reach his potential, becoming a real patriot of his country [11, p. 25]. In a rapidly changing multipolar world with increasing urbanization, attention must be paid to how different social groups promote social cohesion, tolerance, and sociocultural cooperation. Thus, the traditional values of the Belarusian people can and should serve as the foundation for building strong good-neighborly relations and sociocultural cooperation. Developing a sense of belonging to the national culture, a generational connection is maintained, family traditions are preserved, in the context of which a patriot is brought up and where special attention is paid to cooperation of all subjects of educational relations. Adaptation of traditional values to the modern context of a diverse society does not mean the dominance of surrogate axiological variants. Instead, it is important to find ways to preserve what is always meaningful and valuable for previous generations, while at the same time actualizing the patriotic education of students based on traditional values, strengthening the intergenerational connection in the modern Republic of Belarus.
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Статья поступила 30 марта 2024 г.
