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yAK 514.1
Atdayev Y.D.
Student Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan.
Tokayeva N.
Student Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan. Allaberdieva O.A.
Student Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan.
Artykow M.
Student Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan. Scientific adviser: Gurbansahedov M. Teacher Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan.
INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION WORKS
The main feature of the modern era is considered to be the development of interdependence of the economies of different countries. International integration is conditioned by the development of the international division of labor. "Integration" comes from the Latin word "integrasio" which means to restore, join. International integration refers to objective processes aimed at the rapprochement of national economies and their interpenetration. The first initiative of the European Union is associated with the "Paris Declaration" of May 9, 1950, which proposed general intergovernmental control of coal and steel production in France and Germany.
In 1951, the European Union of Coal and Steel Production was signed in Paris and included 6 countries.
1. France
2. FRG
3. Italy
4. Belgium
5. The Netherlands
6. Luxembourg
Luxury - Joint team of Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands
In 1957, the Treaty of Rome was signed, and two more unions were formed according to it.
1. European Economic Community
2. European Atomic Energy Community
Until 1992, this unified entity was the European Economic Community, later known as the European Union.
Single markets for financial services have emerged. An important part of European economic integration is the currency integration of the countries of the European Union.
In January 1999, a currency union was formed as a result of the introduction of the European single currency for non-cash settlements.
5 main principles of EU law:
1. Free trade
2. Free movement of citizens of Member States
3. Free choice of living conditions
4. Freedom to perform services
5. Free movement of capital and free movement of payments
In 1999, the Euro was put into circulation and the Central Bank of Europe was established in the same
year. It is located in Frankfurt, Germany.
In 1988, the bilateral US-Canada Free Trade Agreement is signed. In 1994, the agreement to establish a Free Trade Area (NAFTA) between the United States, Canada and Mexico was a new stage in the development of international economic relations between these countries. The purpose of this tripartite agreement is to create a common economic space by removing customs barriers between the countries and to ensure the movement of the four freedoms. They are:
1. Goods
2. Service
3. Capital
4. Workforce
NAFTA does not have a unified economic and monetary policy compared to the European Union. Integration in Latin America was associated with the creation of the Latin American Free Trade Association in 1960, which included the following countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Chile, Ecuador. In 1995, Mercosur, a common market between Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay, was created. Since the 80s of the 20th century, the economic development of the Asia-Pacific region has been gaining momentum. As a region, the "Asian Quadrilateral" of international business was formed in this region.
1. Japan
2. China
3. The newly industrialized nations
4. Association of Southeast Asian Nations
On August 8, 1967, ASEAN was established in Bangkok. Literature
1. www.salamnews.com
2. www.turkmenportal.com
© Atdayev Y.D., Tokayeva N., Allaberdieva O.A., Artykow M., 2024
УДК 514.1
Atdayev Y.D.
Student Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan.
Ramazanov K.
Student Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan.
Palvanov M.
Student Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan.
Orazov M.
Student Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan. Scientific adviser: Rejepova L.
Teacher Institute оf Engineering-Technical аnd Transport Communications оf Turkmenistan
Ashgabat Turkmenistan.
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL
International business is the sum of business relationships between firms or their divisions located in
