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78ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
ZIYARAH TOURISM: MAHMUD ANJIR FAGNAVIY -THE THIRD PYR OF BUKHARA SHARIF Sharifova Sh.Sh.
Sharifova Shahlohon Shavkatovna - Lecturer,
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS OF SERVICE SPHERE, BUKHARA STATE UNIVERSITY, BUKHARA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: this article dicussed the life and work the third of Bukhara Sufi teacher Mahmud Anjir Fagnavi. Based on the article, the role of the excursion text on the site's excursion is determined.
Keywords: the teaching of Hojaghan, prophecy, narration, human perfection, Jahiya dhikr, fig tree, disciple.
Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy studied Sufism education from Orif Revgari (the second pyr of Bukhara Sharif famous as Mohitobon), he was the perfect man of his time, and gave others the light of truth.
The great sheikh of Khojagon education Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy was born in 1196 according to Arabic sources. He was born in the village of Anjir Fagnavi, Vabkent district of Bukhara Province. Now, this blessed address is called Anjirbog. Sheikh's original blessed name is Mahmud. Mahmud is the Arabic word means praised and good. The Anjir Fagnaviy is the name given to the birthplace of Fahnevi. Also, there are beautiful signs outlined by this person about the fig. Although the texts of the stories are different, they are one essence. Sheikh Mahmud will be asked to give fruits during the winter season. Then he put their hands on the pure earth, and took fresh figs. The legend about fig was happened by Fagnaviy. It is clear that the divine sign should focus on the mystery of the fig. When man's father Adam and his mother Eve asked for leaves from trees to cover their nakedness because of lack of clothing in Paradise, the fig tree only satisfied their request. For this purpose, Allah has glorified figs and revealed in Surat al-Tin, Surah Anjir. It is said that mushki anbar
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(good smell) is made from the animals which are feed by fig tree leaves. So, Anjir Faganviy also told that people must be useful for others and be good persons.
Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy was handsome man but not tall, was a white person with beautiful nose, and wide mouth with black beard. He had white turban on his head had many prophecy. He was from the generation of sayyids. Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy always lived up to his honesty. He was engaged in craftiness, carpentry, and trade.
There is some information about him in "Manoqibi Khoja Abdukholik Gijduvoniy" by Mahdumi Azam: "Khoja Mahmud Anjir Fag'naviy was great person of Sufism education, he was tought tariqat and shariat by Khoja Orif, and divine science from Khoja Abdulkholik Gijduvoniy."
Mahmud Anjir Fag'naviy served Khoja Orif Revgari was the most perfect student and follower. He was a close friend of Orif Revgary's sufism sciences. As a result, he reached such a level of maturity that he was described as "his wisdom leak through his finger". Allah Almighty gave His blessings to the hearts of the righteous believers, purified their hearts from darkness, and snatched their curtain over them with mercy because of him.
There are some words about his maturity status in "Manoqibi Khoja Abdukholik Gijduvoniy" by Mahdumi Azam: "When Khoja Mahmud says "Ya Rabbiy" (o my God), there is the answer of Allah "Labbayka ya abdi"(yes my slave) ".
They say that Satan(Devil) has been walking with him for 12 years to mislead Hoja Mahmud. One evening he came to see Mahmud with a candle. Khoja Mahmud was at buried place of Khoja Abdulkhalik The Devil asked Hoja Mahmud, "How long is the forty trip distance?" This was the purpose of the devil, when Khoja Mahmoud replied "I am a man", that is, manga. Man (I am) is considered to be proving himself to be a sect, and it is inappropriate. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "La takilni ila nafsi '(do not leave me alone). Khoja Mahmud knew the purpose of the devil and replied "Hasht and panj" (eight or five) trips. (So, eight or five trips a mile). When he heard this answer,
Satan put his head on the ground and said, "For 12 years, I could not make him mislead, so why to stand with him?"
A loud voice remembering is one of the main acts of Sufism that help the perfection of human beings and lead them to vigilance and cognition by awakening their sleep is zikr (remembering Allah all the time). Abdulkholiq Gijduvoniy and Arif Revgary performed a ridiculous secret, that is, a silence remembering.
Mahmud Anjir Fag'naviy with the permission of his teacher, he began to introduce a loud voice remembering (zikri jahriya) which he performed with loud voices. When they ask him about the reasons, he replies: "It is because we have chosen the way of this remembrance, so that to awake those who sleep. Let them be free from ignorance and be submissive to the Shari'ah and the Laws. Let them attain the happiness of the two worlds, the privilege of being a servant of the true God. I want to awaken the sleeper and the deceased, so that they should turn to the truth and repent with their Lord in sincerity. Indeed, turning to Allah is a sign and key of happiness."
Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy applied a loud voice remembering at that time with good wishes and the scholars of that time used his action. As a result, from the time of Mahmud Fagnaviy until Bahauddin Nakshband they used both silence and loud voice remembering.
"Who can do loud voice remembering?" was asked by Mahmud Anjir Fag'naviy. "The Sufi whose tongue is free from lie and slander, whose stomach is free from haram food, whose heart is free from the wishes of being famous and hypocracy, whose insight is free from bad things and the world can do a loud voice remembering," he answered.
According to Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy there is the same aim of silent and loud voice remembering- to reach to truth, Allah. There is importance of situation, advice, wisdom.
Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy was the teacher of "the twelve Sircle" and brought up many people. In "Rashahot aynul hayot" by Ali Safiy there is a story: Khoja Ali Rometaniy asked Khizr "Whom to chose as a teacher at the moment?" Khizr replied "At this moment chose Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy as a teacher" According
to the advice of Khizr Khoja Ali Rometaniy (famous as Azizon) was a student of Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy.
In source there is information about many prophecies of Anjir Fagnaviy. If it is necessary he could fly like a big bird. Khoja Ali Rometaniy said, once he together with his companions were busy with remembering a big bird appeared on their heads and told "Ali, be careful" in human language and everybody understood the bird, and asked Ali what the meaning was. "The bird is Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy. Now he is flying to Khoja Dehkon Kaltiy. Khoja Dehkon Kaltiy is the student of Kabir Saint. Kaltiy asked from Allah "When my last breath is approaching, make my and Allah's friends to be near to me so that my death will be easy" that's why Khoja Mahmud flying to him," he replied
Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy was honored as "Gibtafarmoniy surayyo". Surayyo is described as a Hulkar, a collection of stars, with the name of the Great Creator, who imparted the Divine Decree to His slaves, giving the light like a star.
Khoja Mahmud Anjir Fag'naviy passed away in1286 (685 Hijri). His grave is located in Anjirbog village in Vabkent district of Bukhara Province. He gave the Shaykh's permission to Husayn Amir Khurd Vobkandi (1319) and Khoja Ali Romitanni (1321).
In summary, we can say the following:
1. Khoja Mahmud Anjir Fag'naviy is a worthy, praiseworthy like his name.
2. Khoja Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy has the characteristics of the fig tree, when he was always ready to give the necessary help, he was ready to fly as a bird.
3. Khoja Mahmud Anjir Fagnaviy was taughtspiritual, divine knowledge by Khoja Abdulkholik Gijduvoniy and the knowledge of Sufism education by Orif Revgari.
4. From the time of Khoja Mahmud Anjir Fag'naviy to time of Bahawaddin Nakshband there was both silent and a loud voice remembering. He added the a loud voice remembering in khojagon education.
5. Khoja Mahmud Anjir Fag'naviy was the perfecet teacher of his time and brought up a lot of followers. He educated Khoja Ali Rometaniy famous as Azizon.
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