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11SJIF 2023 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7
3(2), Feb., 2023
TRANPOSITION OF WORD CATEGORIES IN UZBEK LANGUAGE
Shodieva Gulrukh
English teacher of Fergana State University
Separation into certain lexical - grammatical groups according to the similarity of words in terms of vocabulary and grammatical meaning is called Word Series. In addition to their grammatical meanings, when dividing words into categories, the lexical meaning is also calculated from the main characters. Words that have both grammatical and lexical meanings, participating in the sentence as an independent syntactic fragment, are called independent words. Independent words include: noun, adjective, number, pronoun, verb, adverb. In this article, feedback and feedback on the transposition of word categories in the Uzbek language will be made.
Keywords: morphology, noun, verb, adjective, number, pronoun, adverb, auxiliary word categories, imitation words, exclamation words.
Разделение на определенные лексико-грамматические группы по сходству слов по лексическому составу и грамматическому значению называется рядами слов. Помимо их грамматических значений, при делении слов на категории от главных героев исчисляется и лексическое значение. Слова, имеющие как грамматическое, так и лексическое значение, участвующие в предложении в качестве самостоятельного синтаксического фрагмента, называются самостоятельными словами. К самостоятельным словам относятся: существительное, прилагательное, число, местоимение, глагол, наречие. В этой статье будут сделаны отзывы и отзывы о транспонировании категорий слов в узбекском языке.
Ключевые слова: морфология, существительное, глагол, прилагательное, число, местоимение, наречие, вспомогательные категории слов, слова-подражания, восклицательные слова.
INTRODUCTION
The main scientific debates about word categories in Uzbek linguistics are first of all, a matter of classification, interaction of word categories, the number of groups that are allocated and their composition. When determining the number and composition of word categories, it is common to refer to the semantic, morphological and syntactic features of words. But in practice, mainly when categorizing words, relying on their semantic nature has become paradigm.
ABSTRACT
АННОТАЦИЯ
SJIF 2023 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7
3(2), Feb., 2023
Separation into certain lexical - grammatical groups according to the similarity of words in terms of vocabulary and grammatical meaning is called Word Series. In addition to their grammatical meanings, when dividing words into categories, the lexical meaning is also calculated from the main characters. Words that have both grammatical and lexical meanings, participating in the sentence as an independent syntactic fragment, are called independent words. Independent words include: noun, adjective, number, pronoun, verb, adverb.
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
In most of the above classifications, independent and auxiliary word categories are visible. Although this classification is considered a traditional classification, it has not lost its momentum even now. In the traditional classification, 6 word categories are included in the word categories, in which the noun word category is decided on the primary and the verb on the secondary pole, but in some studies, imitation words are also included in independent word categories, and the verb word category is transferred forward. The verb is the largest of all word categories, rich in grammatical categories, the perfect word category. However, it is known that when a person comes into the world, he comes across what I have before-items. Any action is also performed by a subject or person. Accordingly, our problem is the traditional classification.
An independent Word series has both lexical and grammatical meaning and the property of forming a form as soon as it can come to the task of a part of a sentence. Auxiliary words, on the other hand, do not mean lexical meaning, do not change morphologically either, cannot come even in the task of a piece of speech and do not even have the property of being made. And Modal, exclamation and imitation words are not similar to independent words or auxiliary ones, they do not have anything in common with each other. Therefore, separate word categories are called.
In current Uzbek linguistics, there are also different opinions on the study of grammatical categories. Although in traditional linguistics the grammatical categories of each word category have been studied within their framework, in later times word-changing means - conciliatory in nouns and Person-number suffixes in verbs are known as forms of communication-relationship that serve the syntactic connection of words and are studied outside the word categories. It seems to us that it is desirable that each category is given within its own word category. Because the fact that the category of each word category is not studied within the framework of its own word category causes the fact that it does not understand the features of word categories as a whole and creates difficulty in analyzing word categories. Therefore, it is desirable
SJIF 2023 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7
3(2), Feb., 2023
that each category be studied within its framework, divided into grammatical categories into form-forming and word-modifiers.
As we noted above, words in Uzbek language according to 3 main features categorizes:
1. Semantic features-vocabulary meaning of words independently means. In this aspect, words are words that represent a thing, a sign that denotes words are divided into groups, such as words that express action-state. For example, a flower like (thing-item name), big (character name), qualify (action name).
2. Morphological features-General morphological features of words. For example: words denoting the name of the subject can indicate unity-plural, sign signifiers can be graded, while verbs can express tense, etc.
3. Syntactic properties-how words come in a sentence in the function of a part of a sentence take. Usually, words denoting a subject often have. Filler; movement the words denoting often come in a participial function. Hence, words are all three signs - semantic, morphological and syntactic according to its characteristics, it is divided into categories.
In the current Uzbek language there are 12 word categories, which are described above according to the degree of possession of the 3 main characteristics made, it is divided into groups. Uzbek in linguistics, there are different approaches to dividing words into categories, the same in the classification, words are divided into the following 5 groups:
1. Independent words;
2. Auxiliary words;
3. Modal words;
4. Exclamation words;
5. Imitation words.
In the second different classification, words are divided according to the common meanings they represent:
1. Naming words: noun, adjective, number, verb and adverb.
2. Auxiliary words: binder, auxiliary and loading.
3. Expression words: exclamation, modal and imitation words.
4. Indicating words: pronoun.
The classification that seems to us welcome is the one that is divided into the following groups:
1) Independent words: noun, adjective, number, verb, adverb and pronoun word categories.
2) auxiliary words: auxiliary, connecting and loading word categories.
SJIF 2023 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7
3(2), Feb., 2023
3) separate words: modal, exclamation and imitation word categories.
Separation into certain lexical - grammatical groups according to the similarity of words in terms of vocabulary and grammatical meaning is called Word Series. In addition to their grammatical meanings when dividing words into categories, the vocabulary meaning is also considered one of the main signs. Words that have both grammatical and lexical meanings, participating in the sentence as an independent syntactic fragment, are called independent words. Independent words include: noun, adjective, number, pronoun, verb, adverb.
It is also worth noting that some independent words in our language can also go to the task of an auxiliary word, having lost their independent vocabulary in the process of speech and being inherent in the expression of a grammatical meaning. This phenomenon is referred to in linguistics as grammar. For example: to see, to learn, to stay in compounds such as the intra week, the words were used as auxiliary words, having lost their independent linguistic meaning.
Words that do not have an independent lexical meaning, do not fulfill the function of a part of a sentence, but serve to correlate words and sentences or introduce (load) additional subtleties of meaning into them are called auxiliary words. Auxiliary words are three different according to common tasks:1) auxiliary; 2) Connecting; 3) Loading.
Exclamation, imitation and modal words, on the other hand, form a separate group of auxiliary words. Because exclamation and imitation words are used both as a part of a sentence and as an independent word-sentence. At the moment, it is also able to participate in the formation of independent words. However, these words are similar to auxiliary words in that they cannot be a term of action and phenomenon, that is, they cannot express a linguistic meaning. That is why each of the exclamation, imitation, modal words forms a separate category with its own characteristics.
CONCLUSION
It seems that when dividing words into categories, first of all, a lexical meaning is drawn, secondly, a morphological form, thirdly, a feature of the performance of a syntactic task, fourth, from the attention of the encirclement (distribution) of application. Accordingly, the current Uzbek language categories of words are: 1) independent words such as noun, adjective, number, pronoun, verb, adverb; 2) auxiliary words such as auxiliary, connecting, loading; 3) consists of a separate group of auxiliary words such as modal words, imitation words, exclamation words.
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SJIF 2023 = 6.131 / ASI Factor = 1.7
3(2), Feb., 2023
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