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1НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ
НАУКА И МИРОВОЗЗРЕНИЕ
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TECHNOLOGY OF OBTAINING NPK LIQUEFIED FERTILIZERS FOR PLANTS
Ovezsahedov Saparmyrat
Supervisor: Dean of Chemical and Nanotechnology faculty of Oguz han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Dovranova Enejan
Supervisor: Head of Chemical technology department of Oguz han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Amanova Merjen
Student of Oguz han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
NPK fertilizers, comprising nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), play a vital role in modern agriculture by providing essential nutrients for plant growth. The development of liquefied NPK fertilizers offers several advantages, including enhanced nutrient availability, ease of application, and improved efficiency in nutrient uptake. This paper explores the technological processes involved in producing NPK liquefied fertilizers, with a focus on formulation techniques, material selection, and process optimization to meet the demands of sustainable agriculture. Additionally, the study evaluates the economic and environmental benefits of adopting liquefied fertilizers over traditional granular forms.
Introduction
The increasing global demand for food production necessitates efficient and sustainable agricultural practices. Fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are fundamental to crop productivity. Liquefied NPK fertilizers, being highly soluble, provide an efficient alternative to granular forms, allowing for precise nutrient delivery through irrigation systems. The introduction of liquefied fertilizers has revolutionized agricultural practices by offering better control over nutrient management and reducing environmental impacts. This study investigates the technological aspects of producing high-quality NPK liquefied fertilizers tailored for various soil types and crop requirements, highlighting innovations in formulation and distribution techniques.
Abstract
Materials and Methods
1. Raw Materials:
o Nitrogen Sources: Urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium sulfate, known for their high solubility and nitrogen content.
o Phosphorus Sources: Phosphoric acid and monoammonium phosphate (MAP), selected for their compatibility with liquid formulations.
o Potassium Sources: Potassium chloride (KCl) and potassium sulfate (K2SO4), both of which provide essential potassium in easily absorbable forms.
2. Formulation Process:
o Determining NPK ratios suitable for specific crops and regional soil conditions.
o Sequentially mixing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium sources in controlled proportions to ensure uniformity.
o Maintaining the pH of the solution between 6.0 and 7.5 to ensure nutrient stability and prevent precipitation of salts.
3. Optimization Parameters:
o Monitoring temperature and pressure during the mixing process to enhance solubility.
o Incorporating chelating agents to stabilize micronutrients and prevent nutrient losses.
o Using stabilizers and preservatives to extend the shelf life of the liquid fertilizers.
4. Quality Control:
o Conducting comprehensive nutrient analysis to verify the precise NPK ratios.
o Assessing solution clarity to ensure the absence of particulates that could clog irrigation systems.
o Testing pH and electrical conductivity (EC) to confirm compatibility with different irrigation setups.
Results and Discussion
1. Nutrient Stability:
o Phosphoric acid enhanced phosphorus solubility, ensuring a homogenous and stable solution suitable for long-term storage.
o Potassium chloride emerged as a cost-effective source of potassium, though it required precise pH adjustments to prevent crystallization.
2. Efficiency in Application:
o Liquefied NPK fertilizers demonstrated significantly improved nutrient uptake efficiency compared to granular counterparts, leading to better crop yields.
o Application through fertigation systems allowed for uniform distribution of nutrients, reducing labor costs and enhancing crop health.
3. Environmental Considerations:
o Liquefied fertilizers reduced nutrient losses due to leaching and volatilization, particularly in sandy or heavily irrigated soils.
o The controlled application minimized runoff, protecting nearby water bodies from eutrophication and other forms of contamination.
4. Economic Viability:
o Simplified production processes lowered manufacturing costs while maintaining high product quality.
o Increased crop yields and reduced labor costs offset the initial investment in liquid fertilizer systems, making them economically viable for farmers.
5. Future Prospects:
o Development of region-specific formulations to address unique soil and crop requirements.
o Incorporation of micronutrients and bio-stimulants into liquid fertilizers to further enhance their agronomic performance.
o Innovations in packaging and transportation to reduce costs and improve accessibility for small-scale farmers.
Conclusion
The technology of obtaining NPK liquefied fertilizers represents a significant advancement in agricultural practices. By optimizing formulation and production processes, liquefied fertilizers provide a cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly solution for enhancing crop productivity. This study highlights the potential of liquefied fertilizers to transform nutrient management in agriculture, paving the way for more sustainable and productive farming systems.
Future research should focus on developing customized formulations for specific crops and regions to further enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of this technology.
References
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