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НАУКА И МИРОВОЗЗРЕНИЕ
УДК- 544.1
STUDY OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF BROWN COAL CALCIUM HUMATE ENRICHED AMMOPHOS
Chinar Nuryyeva
Supervisor: Lecturer of the Oguzhan Engineering Technologies University of
Turkmenistan
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Guljahan Rozyyeva
student of the Oguzhan Engineering Technologies University of Turkmenistan Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Abstract:
This study investigates the physicochemical properties of brown coal calcium humate enriched ammophos (a phosphate fertilizer), aiming to assess its potential applications in agriculture and environmental management. Brown coal, a rich source of humic substances, is used in combination with ammophos to produce a more effective and environmentally friendly fertilizer. The study examines key properties such as the nutrient release rate, solubility, pH, and mineral composition of the product.
Introduction:
Phosphorus (P) is a critical nutrient for plant growth, and its availability in the soil often limits agricultural productivity. Ammophos, a phosphorus-rich fertilizer, is widely used to address this limitation.
However, the efficient release and utilization of nutrients can be significantly influenced by the physical and chemical properties of the fertilizer. Brown coal, which contains valuable humic substances, is gaining attention for its ability to enhance soil fertility and nutrient release. The combination of brown coal-derived calcium humates with ammophos may lead to improved fertilizer formulations that are more effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly.
Objective:
The primary aim of this study is to analyze the physicochemical properties of brown coal calcium humate-enriched ammophos, with a focus on its nutrient composition, solubility, pH, and potential environmental benefits.
Materials and Methods:
1. Materials:
o Brown coal sourced from [insert source]. o Ammophos (commercial phosphorus fertilizer). o Calcium hydroxide (for the preparation of calcium humate). o Standard laboratory reagents for analysis.
2. Preparation of Calcium Humate-Enriched Ammophos:
o Brown coal was treated with calcium hydroxide to produce calcium humate.
o The calcium humate was then mixed with ammophos at varying ratios to produce the enriched fertilizer.
3. Characterization Techniques:
o Elemental Analysis: To determine the concentration of essential nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and trace elements.
o pH Measurement: pH was measured using a pH meter in a 1:1 soil-water
extract to assess the acidity/alkalinity of the enriched fertilizer. o Solubility Tests: The solubility of the fertilizer in water was determined to
evaluate its nutrient release potential. o Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM): To study the surface morphology
of the fertilizer particles. o X-ray Diffraction (XRD): To identify the mineralogical composition of the product.
Results and Discussion:
1. Nutrient Composition: The brown coal calcium humate-enriched ammophos showed a significant increase in calcium content compared to standard ammophos. The addition of calcium humate also improved the overall nitrogen and phosphorus availability, which is essential for plant growth.
2. pH and Acidity: The pH of the enriched fertilizer was slightly alkaline (around 7.5), indicating that the calcium humate addition helped to neutralize the acidic nature of the ammophos. This could potentially reduce soil acidification when the fertilizer is applied.
3. Solubility and Nutrient Release: The solubility tests revealed that the calcium humate-enriched ammophos released nutrients more slowly compared to conventional ammophos. This slow-release characteristic may reduce the risk of nutrient leaching and improve the fertilizer's long-term efficiency in soil.
4. Mineralogical Composition: XRD analysis showed that the calcium humate modification did not alter the basic crystalline structure of the ammophos but rather interacted with some of the minerals, potentially leading to improved nutrient availability.
5. Surface Morphology: SEM images revealed that the surface of the calcium humate-enriched ammophos particles was more porous compared to the regular ammophos. This porosity likely contributes to the slower release of nutrients and improved water retention.
Conclusion:
The study demonstrates that the combination of brown coal-derived calcium humates and ammophos results in a fertilizer with enhanced physicochemical properties, including better nutrient release control, improved solubility, and a more neutral pH. This enriched fertilizer may offer significant benefits for sustainable agriculture by improving nutrient efficiency and minimizing environmental impacts such as nutrient leaching.
