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12REVIEWS OF SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE KHOREZM
OGHUZ LAHJA Madiyorov Sh.K.
Madiyorov Shikhnazar Kuvondik ogli - Student, DEPARTMENT OF UZBEK LINGUISTICS, PHILOLOGY FACULTY, URGENCH STATE UNIVERSITY, URGENCH, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: this article discusses the Khorezm dialects, in particular, the Oghuz dialect and the names of folklore works created in this dialect.
Keywords: folk dialects, Oguz dialect of Uzbek language, onomastics, anthroponyms, dialectal lexicon.
The system of proper nouns in the lexicon of dialects is one of the areas that needs special study. Of course, folklore has been the main source of material for many years. Because all the stylistic, lexical and grammatical elements of the language of folklore, as well as the language of fiction, are formed on the basis of the materials of the spoken language (folk dialects).
Folk dialects differ from literary languages in that they are a real means of communication. That is why our literary language is constantly nourished by it and increases its vitality. The living language is very diverse and its vocabulary is very rich. The difference in dialects is also reflected in the complex of proper nouns in the language. However, according to some researchers, "proper nouns found in works of art and folklore, no matter how valuable the facts, do not fully and adequately embody the rich material of toponyms and anthroponyms in the language of a particular nation. Because the names of people in the works of art are more stylistic, and accordingly, the names of the characters are selected" [1].
Observing the onomastics of folk epics provides a number of grounds for accepting this idea only in part. Names in the language of epics are not just human names. Other branches of nomenclature, such as place names, plant names, and celestial names, do not lead to stylistic purposes, but most of them consist of names that are actively used in our daily lives.
In addition to stylistic purposes, proper nouns in folklore have a number of other unique features, the study of which provides useful material for history, ethnography and our culture in general. They are synchronous facts on the one hand, and on the other hand, they are very ancient and ancient. Accordingly, it is useful to use descriptive, historical, comparative, and historical-etymological methods of noun analysis in onomastic research.
The language of works of art specific to that period is studied in order to study the state of the language in a particular historical period, its specific features, lexical, phonetic and grammatical features, and their general and different aspects in general. Folklore plays an important role in achieving this goal. In particular, when we think about the language of epics, it is true to say without any exaggeration that they are an indelible mirror of the vernacular, a living reflection of the living language of the people, the living history of the wisdom of the people [2].
Epic poems written in a certain region of the country reflect the phonetic, morphological and lexical features of the dialect. In other words, the bakhshis who sing folk epics belong to the dialect (dialect or dialect) of the Uzbek language, and some dialectal features of that dialect are reflected in the epics they sing. For the same reason, this situation should not be overlooked in determining the linguistic features of epics and dialects, in particular their similarities and differences. This idea is more about their phonetic and morphological features. However, lexical features are passed down from generation to generation without long-term changes.
The language of epics has a rich vocabulary, which expresses the concepts of ancient peoples, large and small epics, life and work of individual real and mythical figures, the
nature of the region, the geography. The language of epics is especially rich in sociopolitical, military terms, geographical and religious words. An important component of this rich lexical material is onomastic units - proper nouns. Onomastic units are also created by the people living in the area and they live in the language. Therefore, it is natural that it reflects the characteristics of the language. Khorezm epics were also sung by bakhshis living in this region.
It is known that the language of the Khorezm people belongs to two linguistically different dialects: Kipchak and Oghuz. The northern part of the region is inhabited by Kipchaks and the southern part by Oghuz dialects. Based on the features of this language, folklore is also studied separately. It should be noted that the present-day Gurlan, Yangibazar, Amudarya, Beruni, Khojayli of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, as well as the northern districts of the Tovuz region of Turkmenistan are included in the "Northern Khorezm".[3] The center of this region is the city of Mangit. They speak Kipchak.
Southern Khorezm includes Urgench, Yangiariq, Bagat, Xonqa, Hazarasp, Koshkopir, Shavat, Turtkul, Ellikkala, Ilonli and Old Urgench districts of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The population of the region speaks the Oghuz dialect and its capital is Khiva. In the epics created in these two regions, the features of these dialects predominate.
There are also independent languages with Oghuz dialect, which are very close to the Oghuz dialect in the Khorezm region. In particular, Turkmen, Azerbaijani, Gagauz and many other Turkic languages are very close to Khorezm Oghuz dialects.
A comparison of the languages of the Turkic and non-Turkic peoples of Central Asia shows that they have a certain degree of commonality in the onomastic system of their language. It is safe to say that the historical origins of these peoples, the commonality of tribal relations and close economic and cultural ties served as the basis for the emergence of such commonalities. Therefore, the study of materials in the Uzbek language, in particular, in the Khorezmian folklore, in comparison with similar materials in a number of sister languages in the region, is the basis for drawing important conclusions.
References
1. Jo'raev B.J, Begmatov E.A. "Some Thoughts on the Study of Proper nouns". OTA,
1966. P. 57.
2. Mahmudov N. Immortal word of Uzbek // TA. Tashkent, 1998. P. 27.
3. The term "Northern Khorezm" is derived on the basis of ED Polivanov's classification.
See E.D.Polivanov. Kyshlak talk of Kiyat-Kongrat of Shavat region (in Khorezm).
Collection of scientific papers, UzNIIKS. Volume 1. Issue 2.
