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2LABORATORY TESTS OF CONCRETE QUALITY Begmuradova B.1, Charyeva C.2, Gurbanov I.3, Chishiyev A.4
'Begmuradova Bahargul - lecturer, Charyeva Saadat - senior lecturer, Gurbanov Ibrahim - senior lecturer, 4Chishiyev Azatgeldi - student, TURKMEN STATE ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION INSTITUTE ASHGABAT, REPUBLIC OF TURKMENISTAN
Abstract: research on the study of concrete quality indicates the need for specialized laboratories to have a complex of specialized measuring and other equipment for testing and measurements. With the help of laboratory equipment, a complete database on the composition of concrete of various grades is created, taking into account all the necessary characteristics.
Keywords: laboratory, devices, methods of concrete quality control.
The quality of concrete depends not only on the strength and durability of buildings and structures, but also on the safety of the people who will live in them. Strict requirements are imposed on concrete produced in factories. It is possible to produce building mixes only from the highest quality ingredients that fully comply with existing standards. Special laboratories are being created to control the quality of concrete. After verification, a special certificate is issued to the construction mix, which serves as confirmation that the concrete fully meets the necessary standards and quality requirements [1].
The composition of the concrete is controlled using professional equipment. It represents a whole complex of measuring and other equipment for testing, measurements, and laboratory research. Construction companies that care about the quality of the concrete produced install equipment for the laboratory of the concrete plant right on the construction site in a small room
Concrete laboratories perform the following functions: they carry out daily control of the production process, namely: they check how well the materials used correspond to the selected recipe for the production of concrete mix. Adjust the formulation if necessary. The ingredients that make up the concrete are tested. The dosage accuracy is monitored. The values of temperature and humidity of fillers are monitored before the start of the production process. The mixing time is monitored, as well as the accuracy of the execution of time cycles at each stage of production. They control the climatic parameters of ingredients, water, and the finished building mix in the cold season. Concrete samples are taken to assess its quality and grade.
The laboratory of the concrete plant controls the production and technological process, namely, the storage conditions of components in warehouses. The correct operation of the measuring and actuating equipment. Measuring the amount of the mixture produced, adjusting the volume of concrete shipped to consumers. Control of concrete strength, compliance with the requirements set by the customer in the terms of reference.
The minimum equipment of the concrete laboratory includes 10 basic elements: A vibrating platform for determining the characteristics of the building mix. Devices with which concrete is tested for delamination, mortar, and water separation.
Special scales are an accurate device for determining the strength, density of concrete, humidity level, and ingredients included in its composition. A sieve that disperses crushed stone and sand. A dryer is a cabinet in which the degree of humidity of inert substances is determined. A set of special measuring instruments - rulers, hydrometers, measuring cylinders. A device that determines the degree, at what speed and how much the concrete thickens and sets. A device that determines the level of stiffness. A cone-shaped device that determines the degree of mobility of the building mix. An air meter that measures the amount of air contained in concrete. High-tech concrete quality control methods guarantee precise compliance with the technology at every production stage [2].
With the help of laboratory equipment, a complete database of concrete recipes of different brands is created, taking into account all the necessary characteristics. Laboratory tests of concrete take place right on the production site. Due to this, it is possible to notice any inaccuracies in time and make the necessary adjustments to the production process. Our own laboratory research equipment allows us to develop technical maps of new recipes. Thanks to this, it is possible to greatly expand the range of products. Factories equipped with their own concrete laboratories make not only concrete, but also concrete rings, paving slabs, curbs, and various concrete blocks.Research and testing of concrete can only be carried out by specially trained highly qualified specialists who have passed certification. The costs associated with the maintenance of the equipment must be paid, even when the company is not operating.
References
1. Баженов Ю.М. Технология бетона. М.:1997
2. Машырыков Э., Оразов А., Овезова А., Бегмурадова Б. Возможности производства инновационных
строительных материалов в Туркменистане // Вестник науки. 2024. № 2 (71).
