CC BY
8
Original article UDC 659.1
DOI10.24147/2413-6182.2024.11 (3).554-566
ISSN 2413-6182 eISSN 2658-4867
INFORMATION ACQUISITION AND DECISION-MAKING IN THE DIGITAL AGE: CHINESE TOURISTS' TOURISM EXPERIENCE IN LAKE BAIKAL
X. Gao1H, G.V. Astratova2
1,2 Ural Federal University (Yekaterinburg, Russia)
Abstract: The proportion of Chinese tourists contributing to Russia's tourism economy steadily increases. With the rise of digital technology and social media, the ways Chinese tourists access information and make travel decisions have significantly changed. This study uses questionnaires (n = 347) and in-depth interviews (n = 10) to analyze the five stages of the consumer decision-making process: problem identification, information search, evaluation and selection, purchasing behavior, and post-purchase behavior. The study suggests improvement, focusing on channel diversification, service personalization, experience digitization, process simplification, and content enrichment. The research aims to identify the factors influencing Chinese tourists' decisions when traveling to Lake Baikal, Russia. It explores Chinese tourists' primary sources and tools to obtain information and analyzes audience attitudes to propose corresponding improvements. The study theoretically enriches the understanding of tourism behavior and decision-making processes, offering market analysis and product development insights for tourism organizations. Practically, it aids tourism practitioners in understanding consumer needs, optimizing services, and enhancing China-Russia tourism cooperation and development.
Key words: digital information dissemination, consumer decision path, tourism information dissemination, personalized dissemination, information access channels, optimizing user experience, precise recommendation.
For citation:
Gao, X., Astratova, G.V. (2024), Information acquisition and decision-making in the digital age: Chinese tourists' tourism experience in Lake Baikal. Communication Studies (Russia), Vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 554-566. DOI: 10.24147/2413-6182.2024.11(3).554-566.
About the authors:
1 Gao Xinru, Master's Degree ORCID: 0009-0007-8628-8437
© C. fao, r.B. Acmpamoea, 2024
2 Astratova, Galina Vladimirovna, Prof., Professor at the Department of Integrated Marketing Communications and Branding of the Institute of Economics
and Management
ORCID: 0000-0002-3579-4440 Corresponding authors:
12 Postal address: 19, Mira ul., Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
1 E-mail: [email protected]
2 E-mail: [email protected] Conflict of interest:
The authors declare no conflict of interest Received: May 3, 2024 Revised: May 30, 2024 Accepted: June 30, 2024
Introduction
With the advancement of digital technologies and the widespread use of digital platforms, Chinese tourists' methods of obtaining information and making travel decisions have significantly evolved. In 2017, according to Russian Federal Tourism Agency Director Safonov, approximately 1.5 million Chinese tourists visited Russia, spending $2.2 billion.1 Since then, the number and spending of Chinese tourists in Russia have grown annually, highlighting their significant role and potential in the Russian tourism market.
Lake Baikal, Russia's largest and the world's deepest freshwater lake, attracts many Chinese tourists with its stunning landscapes, rich ecological resources, and unique cultural appeal. However, as competition in the tourism market intensifies and consumer demands evolve, the challenges and opportunities faced by Chinese tourists at Lake Baikal have become more pronounced. Thus, studying the information acquisition and decision-making process of Chinese tourists visiting Lake Baikal is crucial.
Theoretically, this study helps understand the characteristics, preferences, and needs of Chinese tourists' behaviors, offering market analysis and product development insights for tourism organizations. It also enriches the theoretical framework of tourism research, broadens the scope of consumer behavior and decision-making studies in the digital era, and promotes interdisciplinary integration in fields like tourism management, consumer behavior, and digital marketing.
Practically, analyzing how Chinese tourists access information about Lake Baikal can help tourism practitioners optimize information dissemination
1 URL: https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1585198806767479226.
channels and service content, enhancing service quality and tourist satisfaction. Additionally, understanding the behaviors and attitudes of Chinese tourists can aid Russian and Chinese tourism organizations in strengthening cooperation, developing tourism products, marketing, and branding, thereby achieving mutual benefits and win-win outcomes.
Tourism revenues help to increase jobs and generate additional economic gains in a country [Santos, Gonçalves 2021; Archer 1995; Davis, Allen, Cosenza 1988; Ramesh 2002; Khan, Seng, Cheong 1990]. Tourist expenditures at travel destinations are viewed as the initial monetary activity that stimulates the production process and begins the process of realistically measuring economic impacts. Such expenditures positively affect local employment, personal income, business revenues, profits, and government revenues [Frechtling 1994].
A good understanding of the specific sources of information that tourists often use to make travel decisions helps marketers effectively deliver the information they need to the appropriate sources to appeal to their target audience [Chen 2000]. Social media plays a vital role as a source of information at every stage of a traveler's travel decisions [Xiang, Gretzel 2010; Dwityas, Briandana 2017]. Yu et al. [Yu, Zhang, Lian 2024] found that tourists who receive information through social channels are likelier to make safer travel decisions than those who do not. Among other things, travelers' information can help them better evaluate and make decisions that reduce the risks of purchasing a particular product, activity, or service. Access to and use of travel information has a robust positive correlation with guidance and decision-making in travel decisions [Hwang, Li 2008].
The digital age is characterized by the principles of interactivity, connectivity, and accessibility [Dresang 2005], and the process of information retrieval and decision-making has received the attention of researchers who have carried out studies from different perspectives. When everyone uses the Internet to obtain information about a destination, there is a clear difference between the levels of involvement in the purchase decision. Due to the different participation levels of individuals, there may be significant differences in the depth, breadth, and duration of information searches when using the Internet to obtain destination information [Cai, Feng, Breiter 2004]. At the same time, there are significant differences between generations regarding information sources for technology, risk aversion, and use of information sources [Reisenwitz, Fowler 2019].
In terms of information retrieval, the influence of gender in the acquisition of travel information sources [Yasin, Baghirov, Zhang 2017; Okazaki, Hi-rose 2009] and the preference for travel modes [Nobis, Lenz 2005; Otegui-Carles, Araujo-Vila, Fraiz-Brea 2022]. Odds of getting sick while traveling [Schlagenhauf et al. 2010], with some differences in travel writing [Bassnett 2002; Bird 2015] and travel intentions [Reisinger, Crotts 2009].
For consumers, information retrieval behavior in the digital age can be divided into six stages: start, link, browse, differentiate, monitor, and extract [Ge 2010]. Their information search strategy results from a dynamic process in which tourists use various types and numbers of information sources to cope with internal and external contingencies in their vacation plans [Fod-ness, Murray 1999]. The degree of professionalism of a website, whether it engages in promotional behavior, star rating, visual cues, cue-induced perceptions, information credibility, and target images, all have varying psychological impacts on visitors' perceptions during the retrieval of information [Choi, Hickerson, Kerstetter 2018]. Pictures and specific words influence the elaboration of consumer visions, whereas imagery and specific textual instructions alone influence the quality of consumer visions [Walters, Sparks, Herington 2012].
In a study on the content of tourists' information retrieval, Pesonen and Pasanen [Pesonen, Pasanen 2017] found that search engine optimization, content marketing, and product quality were areas of more significant concern in tourists' information retrieval and decision-making processes. Lin [Lin 2005], on the other hand, found that mature or older travelers preferred printed brochures as their primary source of travel information and decision-making. For marketers, information-based products and services are essential [Rowley 2017]. Advances in information technology and the increasing number of travel blogs have made travel blog monitoring a cost-effective way for destination marketers to assess the quality of their services and improve the overall traveler experience [Pan, MacLaurin, Grotts 2007].
The development of the Internet has provided new tools for tourism marketing and management. It allows interaction between tourism organizations and users, focusing on all phases of the consumer buying process (search, purchase, and post-sale], as well as considering the consumer's channel choice intentions in terms of channel attributes, experiences, and spillovers [Gensler, Verhoef, Böhm 2012], leading to the development of efficient marketing strategies that have changed the tourism industry's entire development, management, and marketing process [Halkiopoulos et al. 2020].
Materials and Methods of the Research
This study utilizes the questionnaire and in-depth interviews to comprehensively understand Chinese audiences' information acquisition and decision-making processes in Lake Baikal tourism in Russia. To provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of Chinese tourists' information acquisition and decision-making in Lake Baikal tourism in Russia and to provide practical and policy recommendations for the tourism industry.
Questionnaire method: A questionnaire (n = 347] was distributed through an online survey to the Chinese audience to understand the information acquisition platform, travel experience needs, travel format preferences, and the
degree of influence of the acquired information on decision-making, and the above information was analyzed.
In-depth interviews: Chinese tourists (n = 10] who have traveled or plan to travel to Lake Baikal were interviewed to find out which media platforms they use in the decision-making process for their trip to Lake Baikal, the challenges they face in accessing information, how they make their travel decisions, and how much the information influences their decisions.
Methodology
According to Philip Kotler [Kotler, Keller 2016], the traditional marketing model outlines a five-stage purchase decision process: problem recognition, information search, option evaluation, purchase decision, and post-purchase behavior. In the era of big data, this process has evolved due to the high entropy value (information uncertainty] in the digital network, leading to "information overload," difficulty distinguishing true from false information, and "information cocoon" effects. These factors reduce the efficiency of information retrieval and acquisition. This paper examines the information acquisition and decision-making process of Chinese tourists visiting Lake Baikal, Russia, in the digital age, using the five-stage consumer decision-making model.
Empirical Research
1. Sample Introduction
Regarding the questionnaire sample, in terms of gender, there are more female respondents than male; in terms of age, the respondents are mainly concentrated in the age range of 18-45 years old; in terms of education level, the respondents are mostly junior high school, high school, and college educated, in which 75.79% of the respondents have been to Lake Baikal.
In the in-depth interview audience, a total of 4 males and six females participated in the interview; the age of the interviewees is concentrated in the age of 20-35 years old, most of the interviewees have bachelor's degrees, 40% of the audience has Lake Baikal, 40% of the audience wants to go very much and is currently in the wait-and-see state, and 20% of the audience has no apparent intention to do so.
2. Five-stage model of consumer decision-making process - questionnaire method.
2.1. Problem Identification
In the digital age, algorithms enable consumers to access travel information about Baikal through personalized advertisements and targeted content based on their interests and browsing history. For instance, big data technology facilitates personalized advertising and destination recommendations on social media and travel websites, with 71.47% of consumers obtaining information from social media, 54.47% from travel websites, 45.53% from online communities, and 35.16% from friends' recommendations.
2.2. Searching for Information
In the information search stage, consumers actively or passively gather information about Lake Baikal, including route tips, food guides, and scenic photos. They consider factors like information authenticity, costs, and travel safety risks. Social media (48.99%], travel websites (23.63%), online communities (16.43%], and friends' recommendations (10.95%) are the primary sources influencing consumers' decisions.
2.3. Evaluation and Selection
During the evaluation and selection of travel information, consumers consider credibility, personal preferences, and travel modes. Around 36.6% trust online travel information, while 21.33% find it hard to verify its authenticity. Factors like the publisher, platform, and content influence their trust. Additionally, 40.35% prefer group tours, 29.11% opt for free tours, 16.14% choose customized tours, and 14.41% prefer experiential tours. In terms of information preference, 63.98% seek complete travel guides, 59.37% prioritize safety, 56.2% value user reviews, 54.47% consider destination recommendations, 48.13% look for unique features, and 30.26% seek price discounts.
2.4. Purchase behavior
Purchasing travel services includes booking air tickets, hotels, transportation, and possible tour participation. Chinese tourists visiting Russia need to apply for either an e-visa or a tourist visa in advance due to the absence of a visa-free policy. In-depth interviews show a preference for obtaining travel tips and making purchases through social media and travel websites. Additionally, Chinese tourists traveling to Baikal from January to March often use internet platforms to connect with fellow travelers and join group tours.
2.5. Post-purchase behavior
Consumers' behavior after information acquisition, decision-making, and acting is called post-purchase behavior. Consumers' decision-making process does not stop at purchasing; they also evaluate and give feedback on the post-purchase experience, completing the entire closed loop of travel, i.e., the travel experience from 0 to 1. In experience sharing eva, evaluation, and feedback, consumer satisfaction may impact other consumers' future decisions. Among them, 50.14% of consumers will actively share their travel experiences and feelings and often post them on social media; 17.58% of consumers never share their travel experiences on social media after their travels; 17% of consumers will occasionally share their travel experiences and feelings on social media; and 15.27% of consumers are more inclined to keep their travel experiences private and do not share them on social media.
3. Five-stage model of consumer decision-making process - in-depth interview method.
The authors conducted semi-open-ended interviews based on a no-stage model of the consumer decision-making process and information related to Baikal retrieved online by respondents. Questions covered primary informa-
tion sources, decision-making factors, information retrieval challenges, preferred types of information, and digital experience assessment. Respondents also completed questionnaires reflecting the five stages of the decision-making process: problem identification, information search, evaluation and selection, purchase behavior, and post-purchase behavior. Their feedback emphasized linguistic diversity, real-time information sharing, and preferences for experience sharing.
3.1. Diversity of Language Selection
Consumers' access to and evaluation of information is crucial in decision-making. Language diversity significantly impacts the accuracy and trustworthiness of this information. In-depth interviews revealed that consumers typically use various channels like social media and travel platforms to obtain destination information. However, Chinese tourists face language and cultural barriers when using native Russian software and websites like Yandex, Tutu, and Ozon, making information acquisition more complex and uncertain.
These language barriers hinder consumers' ability to understand and evaluate the information accurately, affecting their decision-making effectiveness. Consequently, consumers often spend additional time and effort to screen and comprehend information to ensure its authenticity and credibility. This highlights the challenges of cross-cultural communication and information access for consumers.
3.2. Real-time information sharing
There is a growing consumer demand for real-time information in the travel decision-making process, especially among independent travelers. In-depth interviews revealed that during peak seasons, Chinese tourists in Russia face changes in transportation, business hours, and other factors due to weather and other conditions. Therefore, timely and updated information is crucial for ensuring smooth travel plans.
Consumers need access to the most up-to-date and accurate information to make timely adjustments and arrangements. Independent travelers, in particular, rely heavily on real-time information to guide their travel decisions and arrangements.
3.3. Experience sharing preferences
Consumers' preference for experience sharing is crucial in their travel decision-making process. In-depth interviews revealed that consumers assess destinations' attractiveness and value through their experiences and those others share. This trend is amplified by social media, where authentic, vivid experiences are sought for better travel planning and decision-making.
Personal, real-time sharing sparks more empathy and trust than traditional travel guides. Consumers, especially independent travelers, often base their travel plans and destination choices on shared experiences. These shared stories comprehensively understand a destination's features and attractions, helping consumers make more confident travel decisions.
Results
In the problem identification stage, local governments and tourism departments should conduct thorough market research to understand the interests and needs of Chinese tourists. They should provide targeted information about Lake Baikal, including tourism programs, attraction details, activity recommendations, and culinary introductions. High-quality content marketing and promoting the destination's image, leveraging Russia's cultural characteristics, can improve recognition and reputation among Chinese tourists.
In the information search stage, Communication channels and content should be diversified, emphasizing social and word-of-mouth communication. Clear boundaries between social media platforms and tourism websites in China are essential. Relevant information about Lake Baikal should be frequently shared on social media (WeChat, Weibo, Xiaohongshu, Douyin] and travel websites (Mafengwo, Ctrip, Qunar, Fliggy) and search engines (Baidu, UC Browser]. Content should include diverse visuals, videos, and information to showcase Lake Baikal's natural beauty and culture. Optimizing search engine keywords can improve the ranking and exposure of related information. Chinese translation services on official websites and apps will enhance information accessibility for Chinese tourists. Encouraging tourists to share their travel experiences on social media and collaborating with travel bloggers and KOLs can broaden information dissemination and influence.
In the evaluation and selection stage, using popular media platforms among Chinese tourists, create official accounts to share authentic travel experiences and vivid depictions of Lake Baikal. An incentive mechanism can encourage tourists to share their experiences, fostering user-generated content (UGC) and increasing content credibility. Strengthen cooperation between Russian and Chinese tourism departments to launch tailored travel products and services. Using intelligent digital technology, provide personalized travel recommendations and services based on tourists' preferences and past behavior.
In the stage of purchasing behavior, local tourism departments should offer booking services for Lake Baikal tourism products through multiple official channels to cater to consumer preferences. Simplifying the booking process with features like "one-click booking" and "pre-fill information" can enhance user experience. Given current restrictions on payment methods in Russia, promoting Alipay and WeChat Pay and ensuring secure payment processes can attract Chinese tourists and improve their travel experience.
In the stage of post-purchase behavior, the sharing reward mechanism is used to encourage tourists to share their travel experiences on major travel platforms and social media, and local Chinese travel bloggers are invited to participate in the whole experience and make suggestions for improvement to obtain rich user feedback. In addition, it is necessary to respond to the positive feedback and sharing of tourists to enhance the users' emotional recognition
and stickiness to the Baikal Lake trip and improve the effect of word-of-mouth communication. Finally, the information dissemination and digital travel experience of Lake Baikal in the digital era should be continuously improved according to tourists' feedback and market demand to further enhance the visibility and reputation of Lake Baikal in the digital era, to strengthen Chinese tourists' interest in and awareness of it, and to promote the sustainable development of Lake Baikal tourism.
Conclusion
In this paper, against the background of the gradual warming of Sino-Russian relations, the information acquisition and decision-making process of Chinese tourists traveling to Lake Baikal is investigated through the questionnaire method (n = 347] and in-depth interviews (n = 10], and by applying the five-stage model of consumer decision-making process. The study suggests improvement measures in five areas: 'Problem identification - official publicity and customized content,' 'Information search - multi-channel, Multi-language, and Multi-means of Dissemination of Baikal", "Evaluation and Selection - Personalized Recommendation and Win-Win Cooperation," "Purchasing Behavior - Simplified Process and Localization," "Purchasing Behavior - Simplified Process and Localization." Simplify the process, adapt to local conditions, and enhance the experience," "Post-purchase behavior - Enhance the digital experience and the effect of word-of-mouth communication." Against the backdrop of warming Sino-Russian relations, Chinese tourists' interest in the Russian tourism market has increased, and gaining a deeper understanding of Chinese tourists' information acquisition and decision-making processes during their travels to Lake Baikal can serve as a reference for the development of other Russian tourist destinations. This paper's findings apply to Lake Baikal and can provide lessons for tourism development tourism development in Murmansk, Moscow, St. Petersburg, and other places.
Although this paper proposes improvement measures for Chinese tourists' information acquisition and decision-making processes during their travels to Lake Baikal, some still need improvement. First, the things that could be improved: limited sample size of questionnaires and in-depth interviews may affect the representativeness and reliability of the conclusions. Second, the scope of the study is narrow, and other factors that may affect tourists' experiences need to be considered comprehensively. Although improvement measures were proposed, the specific conditions and challenges at each stage needed to be more in-depth, and more targeted research and empirical data support for specific groups of people was needed. Finally, the competitive environment of the Baikal tourism market needs to be fully considered, which may lead to insufficient targeting of improvement measures. Therefore, there is a need to improve the research methodology further, deepen the analysis, and increase the credibility and applicability of the study.
References / Список литературы
Archer, B. (1995), Importance of tourism for the economy of Bermuda. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 22, iss. 4, pp. 918-930. DOI: 10.1016/0160-7383(95)00018-1.
Bassnett, S. (2002), Travel writing and gender. Hulme, P., Youngs, T. (eds.). The Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing, Cambridge University Press, pp. 225-241. DOI: 10.1017/CC0L052178140X.014.
Bird, D. (2015), Travel writing and gender. Thompson, C. (ed.). The Routledge Companion to Travel Writing, Routledge publ., pp. 35-45.
Cai, L.A., Feng, R., Breiter, D. (2004), Tourist purchase decision involvement and information preferences. Journal of vacation Marketing, Vol. 10, iss. 2, pp. 138148. DOI: 10.1177/135676670401000204.
Chen, J.S. (2000), Cross-Cultural Differences in Travel Information Acquisition among Tourists from Three Pacific-Rim Countries. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, Vol. 24, iss. 2, pp. 239-251. DOI: 10.1177/109634800002400207.
Choi, Y., Hickerson, B., Kerstetter, D. (2018), Understanding the sources of online travel information. Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 57, iss. 1, pp. 116-128. DOI: 10.1177/0047287516683833.
Davis, D., Allen, J., Cosenza, R.M. (1988), Segmenting local residents by their attitudes, interests, and opinions toward tourism. Journal of travel research, Vol. 27, iss. 2, pp. 2-8. DOI: 10.1177/004728758802700201.
Dresang, E.T. (2005), Access: The information-seeking behavior of youth in the digital environment. Library Trends, Vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 178-196. DOI: 10.1353/lib.2006.0015.
Dwityas, N.A., Briandana, R. (2017), Social media in travel decision making process. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, Vol. 7, iss. 7, pp. 193-201.
Fodness, D., & Murray, B. (1999), A model of tourist information search behavior. Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 37, iss. 3, pp. 220-230. DOI: 10.1177/004728759903700302.
Frechtling, D.C. (1994), Assessing the impacts of travel and tourism - Measuring economic benefits. Brent Ritchie, J.R., Goeldner, C.R. (eds.). Travel, Tourism and Hospitality Research, A Handbook for Managers and Researchers, 2nd ed., New York, John Wiley & Sons publ., pp 393-402.
Ge, X. (2010), Information-seeking behavior in the digital age: A multidisciplinary study of academic researchers. College & Research Libraries, Vol. 71, iss. 5, pp. 435-455. DOI: 10.5860/crl-34r2.
Gensler, S., Verhoef, P.C., Böhm, M. (2012), Understanding consumers' multichannel choices across the different stages of the buying process. Marketing Letters, Vol. 23, iss. 4, pp. 987-1003. DOI: 10.1007/s11002-012-9199-9.
Halkiopoulos, C., Antonopoulou, H., Papadopoulos, D., Giannoukou, I., Gkintoni, E. (2020), Online reservation systems in e-Business: Analyzing decision making in e-Tourism. Journal of Tourism, Heritage & Services Marketing, Vol. 6, iss. 1, pp. 9-16. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3603312.
Hwang, Y.-H., Li, Z. (2008), Travellers' use of information obtained at tourist information centres: comparison between information seekers and convenience stoppers. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, Vol. 13, iss. 1, pp. 1-17. DOI: 10.1080/10941660701883326.
Khan, H., Seng, C.F., Cheong, W.K. (1990), Tourism multiplier effects on Singapore. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 17, iss. 3, pp. 408-418. DOI: 10.1016/0160-7383(90)90006-d.
Kotler, Ph., Keller, K.L. (2016), Marketing Management, Chinese edition, translated from 15 th ed. by He Jiaxun, Yu Hongyan, Niu Yongge, Xu Lan, Dong Yiren, Jin Yu, Shanghai, Gezhi Publishing House, 715 p. (in Chinese).
Lin, L.C. (2005), Internet as a distribution channel of travel information: A case study. Consortium Journal of Hospitality & Tourism, Vol. 9, iss. 2, pp. 49-57.
Nobis, C., Lenz, B. (2005), Gender differences in travel patterns. Research on Women's Issues in Transportation, Vol. 2, iss. 3, pp. 114-123.
Okazaki, S., Hirose, M. (2009), Does gender affect media choice in travel information search? On the use of mobile Internet. Tourism Management, Vol. 30, iss. 6, pp. 794-804. DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2008.12.012.
Otegui-Carles, A., Araùjo-Vila, N., Fraiz-Brea, J.A. (2022), Solo travel research and its gender perspective: A critical bibliometric review. Tourism and Hospitality, Vol. 3, iss. 3, pp. 733-751. DOI: 10.3390/tourhosp3030045.
Pan, B., MacLaurin, T., Crotts, J.C. (2007), Travel blogs and the implications for destination marketing. Journal of Travel Research, Vol. 46, iss. 1, pp. 35-45. DOI: 10.1177/0047287507302378.
Pesonen, J., Pasanen, K. (2017), A closer look at tourist information search behaviour when travelling abroad: what is the role of online marketing in choice of destination?. Gretzel, U., Law, R., Fuchs, M. (eds.). Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2017, Proceedings of the International Conference, Cham, Springer publ., pp. 431-443. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51168-9_31.
Ramesh, D. (2002), The economic contribution of tourism in Mauritius. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 29, iss. 3, pp. 862-865. DOI: 10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00008-7.
Reisenwitz, T.H., Fowler, J.G. (2019), Information sources and the tourism decisionmaking process: An examination of Generation X and Generation Y consumers. Global Business Review, Vol. 20, iss. 6, pp. 1372-1392. DOI: 10.1177/0972150919848938.
Reisinger, Y., Crotts, J.C. (2009), The influence of gender on travel risk perceptions, safety, and travel intentions. Tourism Analysis, Vol. 14, iss. 6, pp. 793-807. DOI: 10.3727/108354210X12645141401269.
Rowley, J. (2017), Information Marketing, Routledge publ., 212 p.
Santos, S., Gonçalves, H.M. (2021), The consumer decision journey: A literature review of the foundational models and theories and a future perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 173, art. 121117. DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121117.
Schlagenhauf, P., Chen, L.H., Wilson, M.E., Freedman, D.O., Tcheng, D., Schwartz, E., Pandey, P., Weber, R., Nadal, D., Berger, C., von Sonnenburg, F., Keystone, J., Leder, K., GeoSentinel Surveillance Network (2010), Sex and gender differences in travel-associated disease. Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol. 50, iss. 6, pp. 826832. DOI: 10.1086/650575.
Walters, G., Sparks, B., Herington, C. (2012), The impact of consumption vision and emotion on the tourism consumer's decision behavior. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, Vol. 36, iss. 3, pp. 366-389. DOI: 10.1177/1096348010390815.
Xiang, Z., Gretzel, U. (2010), Role of social media in online travel information search. Tourism Management, Vol. 31, iss. 2, pp. 179-188. DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2009.02.016 Yasin, B., Baghirov, F., Zhang, Y. (2017), The role of travel experience and gender on travel information source selection. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology,, Vol. 8, iss. 2, pp. 296-310. DOI: 10.1108/jhtt-01-2017-0002. Yu, C., Zhang, H., Lian, T. (2024), Outdoor tourism: risk preference, information acquisition, and safety decisions. Tourism Review, Vol. 79, iss. 4, pp. 797-811. DOI: 10.1108/TR-02-2023-0085.
Научная статья
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИИ И ПРИНЯТИЕ РЕШЕНИЙ В ЦИФРОВУЮ ЭПОХУ: ТУРИСТИЧЕСКИЙ ОПЫТ КИТАЙСКИХ ТУРИСТОВ НА ОЗЕРЕ БАЙКАЛ
С. Гаош, Г.В. Астратова2
Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина (Екатеринбург, Россия)
Аннотация: Доля китайских туристов, вносящих свой вклад в экономику туризма России, неуклонно растет. С развитием цифровых технологий и социальных сетей существенно изменились способы получения китайскими туристами информации и принятия решений о поездке. В данном исследовании используются анкеты (п = 347) и глубинные интервью (п = 10) для анализа пяти этапов процесса принятия решения потребителем: определение проблемы, поиск информации, оценка и выбор, поведение при покупке и поведение после покупки. В исследовании предложены меры по улучшению ситуации с упором на диверсификацию каналов, персонализацию услуг, оцифровку опыта, упрощение процесса и обогащение контента. Цель исследования - выявить факторы, влияющие на решения китайских туристов при поездке на озеро Байкал (Россия). Изучаются основные источники и инструменты получения информации китайскими туристами, анализируется отношение аудитории, чтобы предложить соответствующие улучшения. Исследование теоретически обогащает понимание поведения туристов и процессов принятия решений, предлагая анализ рынка и разработку продукта для туристических организаций. Оно поможет практикам туризма в понимании потребностей потребителей, оптимизации услуг и укреплении сотрудничества и развития туризма между Китаем и Россией.
Ключевые слова: распространение цифровой информации, путь принятия решения потребителем, распространение туристической информации, персонализированное распространение, каналы доступа к информации, оптимизация пользовательского опыта, точная рекомендация.
Для цитирования:
Гао С., Астратова Г.В. Получение информации и принятие решений в цифровую эпоху: туристический опыт китайских туристов на озере Байкал //
Коммуникативные исследования. 2024. Т. 11. № 3. С. 554-566. DOI: 10.24147/2413-6182.2024.11(3).554-566. (На англ. яз.).
Сведения об авторах:
1 Гао Синьру, магистрант ORCID: 0009-0007-8628-8437
2 Астратова Галина Владимировна, доктор экономических наук, профессор, профессор кафедры интегрированных маркетинговых коммуникаций и брендинга Института экономики и права
ORCID: 0000-0002-3579-4440
Контактная информация:
12 Почтовый адрес: 620002, Россия, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19
1 E-mail: [email protected]
2 E-mail: [email protected] Конфликт интересов:
Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов Дата поступления статьи: 03.05.2024 Дата рецензирования: 30.05.2024 Дата принятия в печать: 30.06.2024
