CC BY
15
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ
HEALTH DIARY AS A PEDAGOGICAL SYSTEM OF MOTIVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PHYSICAL TRAINING OF 13-14 YEAR OLD ADOLESCENTS Zaripova F.A. Email: [email protected]
Zaripova Farida Abdullaevna - senior teacher, DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL CULTURE, NAVOIY STATE PEDAGOGICAL INSTITUTE, NAVOIY, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article deals with the problems of preserving and strengthening the health of adolescents. Reveals the relevance of the introduction of health-saving technologies in school due to the decrease in motor activity of adolescents, an increase in static loads, the prevalence ofpassive-entertainment leisure activities and other important factors leading to loss of health already at the age of 13-14 years. In connection with this is needed a full-scale pedagogical system, which covers the process of physical preparation of a teenager both during school attendance and during off-hour work. As such a system is proposed to use the Diaries of Health.
Keywords: physical training, adolescents, health-saving technologies, Health Diary, physical culture, physical activity.
ДНЕВНИК ЗДОРОВЬЯ КАК ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА МОТИВАЦИИ И УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ ПОДГОТОВКОЙ 13-14 ЛЕТНИХ ПОДРОСТКОВ Зарипова Ф.А.
Зарипова Фарида Абдуллаевна - старший преподаватель, кафедра физической культуры, Навоийский государственный педагогический институт, г. Навоий, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в статье рассматриваются проблемы сохранения и укрепление здоровья подростков. Раскрывается актуальность внедрения здоровьесберегающих технологий в школе ввиду снижения двигательной активности подростков, увеличения статических нагрузок, преобладания пассивно-развлекательных видов досуга и других немаловажных факторов, приводящих к потере здоровья уже в возрасте 13-14 лет. В связи с указанным необходима полномасштабная педагогическая система, охватывающая процесс физической подготовки подростка как в период посещения школы, так и во внеурочное время. В качестве такой системы предлагается использование Дневников Здоровья.
Ключевые слова: физическая подготовка, подростки, здоровьесберегающие технологии, Дневник Здоровья, физическая культура, двигательная активность.
УДК: 796.034.2
Ensuring and preserving the health of children, especially adolescents, is the most reliable contribution that society and the state can make at the present time in order to have guaranteed prospects for their development in the near future. Many issues of the formation of health-saving behavior, physical development and quality of life in adolescent children in Uzbekistan require more in-depth study and improvement of the complex of measures aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of adolescents.
One of the most effective means of physical development of human, strengthening and protecting his health, a reasonable form of organization and leisure activities are physical
culture and sports [1]. However, analysis of personal data shows that self-study, that is, individual or mass classes in sports and fitness centers or clubs, only 20% of adolescents practice individual exercises, hygienic exercises.
In studying the behavior of adolescents 13-14 years revealed a decrease in the duration of a night's sleep, an increase of static loads, the prevalence of passive entertainment leisure activities, the lack of frequency and regularity of physical education, sports, the low level of initiation to the hardening, a quarter of adolescents defined disharmonious physical development.
Negative impact on physical development indicators in adolescents aged 13-14 years is exerted by lifestyle factors such as lack of rest at night, lack of optimal motor regimen and reduced time for walking in the fresh air, exceeding the time spent on the computer, additional training load, lack of hardening, irregularity of techniques, food, lack of additional fortification, low medical activity.
Teenagers need:
• classes in sports clubs,
• regular visits to the gym, swimming pool, etc.
• regular hardening,
In accordance with the physiological and hygienic standards, adolescents 13-14 years old should be outdoors 2-2.5 hours a day.
Thus, despite the fact that educational organizations pay a lot of attention to the optimal motor regime of schoolchildren, additional physical education lessons and dynamic pauses are held, sports sections are in operation, and regular extra teenage activities are needed that take place outside school hours.
Adolescents themselves are not always motivated to physical education and sports. To be motivated, students should enjoy the learning process, and therefore it is necessary to improve the pedagogical foundations of physical training management for 13-14 year olds. It should be borne in mind that the program-regulatory rules that do not take into account the individual qualities and interests of students, any system of strictly programmed education, including physical, can bring only a visible effect, but do not withstand the test of time. It is quite difficult to form a positive motivation for regular sports activities, maintaining good fitness and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
The basis of the new health strategy should be a personality-oriented paradigm that provides for the appropriateness of the forms, means, methods and conditions of training used for the individual psychological characteristics of a person, as well as the freedom to choose the physical activity that best meets the personal inclinations and abilities of an individual [2]. Free choice of physical education and sports activities indicates a person's conscious interest. Interests usually arise on the basis of the motives and goals of physical culture and sports activities that are related:
• with satisfaction with the process of classes (dynamism, emotionality, novelty, diversity, communication, etc.);
• the result of classes (the acquisition of new knowledge, skills, etc.);
• the prospect of employment (harmonious development, etc.).
For the introduction of the personality-oriented paradigm in matters of the physical training of adolescents is required an innovative transformation of the content of physical education, which should become health-improving.
We propose, in addition to organizing various types of physical education in schools, to introduce a system of control over the physical education and sports activity of adolescents -the so-called Health Diary. The Health Diary is an individual, independently and regularly completed document reflecting the main physiological, social and psychological characteristics of adolescents.
The Health Diary consists of several sections: daily routine, organization of the educational process (timetables and extracurricular activities), organizing home mode, doing homework, organizing leisure activities in additional education institutions, organizing
regime and diet; physical training and self-control when doing physical exercises and sports, hardening and self-control when hardening, the presence of bad habits, the results of applied physical training; data of medical examinations, assessment of physical development; vaccination sheet; morbidity according to appealability; academic performance, recommended therapeutic measures.
Practical skills for recovery are practiced and reinforced by adolescents during visits to special training and wellness groups, during health lessons, classes in circles, in classes in sports sections and attending physical education classes and physical therapy groups.
The results obtained from the analysis of Health Diaries are regularly reported to parents of adolescents. The Health Diary allows not only to monitor the organization of educational and free time, but also to individualize the learning process, to develop and implement individual systems of recovery, to optimize the physical activity of adolescents. In addition, they form a responsible attitude of a teenager to his health, making an independent choice of the type of sports training, as well as self-control of his own physical activity.
Thus, the Health Diaries are an effective means of stage-by-stage pedagogical control, allow timely identification of the lagging sides of a teenager's physical fitness, serve as the basis for individualization of physical training, and, in addition, can be used in the training process of training athletes.
References / Список литературы
1. Ryutina L.N. Physical culture in the context of self-care [Fizicheskaya kul'tura v kontekste zaboty o sebe] // Modern innovations [Sovremennye innovacii]. 2016. № 6 (8). Pp. 64-65.
2. Puzyreva M.D., Vorskonyan I.A. Health culture as a factor in the formation of the school's health environment [Kul'tura zdorov'ya kak faktor formirovaniya zdorov'esberegayushchej sredy shkoly] // Bulletin of Science and Education [Vestnik nauki i obrazovaniya]. 2015. № 1 (3). Pp. 68-70.
