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Winter sports: situation and progress coverage by journal "teoiya i praktika fizicheskoy kultury"
PhD, Associate Professor O.N. Batsina1 PhD, Associate Professor I.A. Mokrushina1 1Tchaikovsky State Academy of Physical Culture and Sports, Tchaikovsky, Perm Territory
Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract
Objective of the study was to analyze the winter sports situation and progress trends in the Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury coverage for the last decade.
Methods and structure of the study. We made a content analysis of the winter sports coverage by the Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury journal for the period of 2011 to 2021 that totaled 132 issues with 5,366 publications.
Results and conclusion. We analyzed the key trends in the winter sports coverage by the Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury for the last decade. It should be emphasized that the national winter sports have clearly deserved more attention from the research community for the period. The winter sports coverage variation profile showed a persistent growth with minor sags in 2012, 2017 and 2019. Most of the articles considered different winter sports training issues and elements, mostly the physiological, biomechanical and psychological ones. We found it traditional for the research community to prioritize the winter sports elite training topics. Regional winter sports were found underrepresented in the coverage for the period. As for the winter sports range in the publications, we were surprised to find no publications on skeleton and bobsled despite the fact that they are listed with the Olympic sports. We would recommend the national sports research community give a higher priority to the studies of winter sports to expand this share of the Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury coverage later on since these sports are historically, traditionally and deservedly ranked with the strategic segment of the national sports industry.
Keywords: content analysis of scientific research, winter sports, journal Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury.
Background. Modern winter sports in the present social progress context have evolved into a fully-fledged social institution due to many factors including their growing popularity on the national and global turfs, progress-facilitating governmental policies and competitive accomplishments of the national winter sports leaders on the global arenas. Since theses sports are of growing interest for many sciences, the ongoing research have been actively covered by the research and theoretical journal Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury.
Objective of the study was to analyze the winter sports situation and progress trends in the Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury coverage for the last decade.
Methods and structure of the study. We made a content analysis of the winter sports coverage by the Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury journal for the pe-
riod of 2011 to 2021 that totaled 132 issues with 5,366 publications [1].
Results and discussion. The content analysis of the Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury coverage for the last decade found 198 winter sports-covering publications estimated at 3.7% of the total and analyzing 16 winter sports. It should be mentioned that the Physical Education and Sports Statistics Form No. 1 Section "Sports and Physical Activity progress in the Russian Federation" lists 20 winter sports including 13 Olympic; 5 sports still unlisted in the Olympic program (ski polyathlon, ski orienteering, Nordic walking, Nordic all-around, and bandy; plus national hunting skiing; and ice-stock formally recognized by the Russian Federation [2].
The winter sports coverage for the period was dominated by cross-country skiing (33%), ice hockey (17%), biathlon (16%), ski jumping (6%) and speed
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Figure 1. Winter sports coverage for the 2011-2021 decade, % of the total
skating (5%). The non-Olympic winter sports in the coverage included winter football, ski orienteering and polyathlon. Such Olympic winter sports as skeleton and bobsled (luge) were uncovered by the journal for the study period (Fig. 1).
Of special interest is the winter sports coverage variation for the period (Fig. 2). Basically it shows a growth trend with minor sags in 2012, 2017 and 2019 and a peak in the 2021 pre-Olympic season - in contrast to the 2014 and 2018 pre-Olympics that showed no growth in fact (Fig. 2).
Furthermore, we classified the winter sports coverage for the decade by the topics and percentages as follows:
- Winter sports training issues including the anthropometric, physiological, biomechanical, biochemical,
humanitarian, psychological, psycho-physiological and legal issues and aspects plus the informational, theoretical and practical support related ones: 42%;
- Winter sports training types (special, technical, physical, tactical, etc.): 23%;
- Winter sports training management and control issues: 14%;
- Competitive performance: 5%;
- Socio-cultural and historical aspects of progress in winter sports: 5%;
- Competitive performance analyses and forecasts: 4%;
- Winter sports selection issues: 3%;
- Winter sports research progress analyses: 1.5%;
- Winter sports project activity: 1%;
- Winter sports specialists training issues: 1%; and
Figure 2. Winter sports coverage variation for the 2011-2021 decade, %
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- Trainings for the GTO Complex tests: 0.5%.
The coverage was dominated by the winter sports training issues addressed by 83 articles followed by the winter sports physiology, psychology and biomechanics study reports (39, 16 and 9 articles, respectively). Special winter sports training aspects and elements were addressed by 47 publications. Specific physical and technical training problems were covered by 18 articles; special training systems were covered by 7 articles; and tactical training models analyzed by 4 articles. It should be emphasized that the winter sports training share was dominated by biathlon, cross-country skiing and ice hockey.
The winter sports project activity, winter sports specialists training, and the GTO Complex pre-test training related issues were addressed by only a few articles for the decade, including the Ski Jumping and Biathlon Project Report with contributions from a few foreign athletes, coaches and experts. The Report analyzed benefits of the field training project with the trainers' advancement service and special cultural, leisure-time and theoretical training events for the athletes [3].
As far as the coverage of the winter sports elite and reserve training systems is concerned, we found it dominated (108 articles) by the winter sports elite training issues and twice as little (54 articles) by the winter sports reserve training ones. Proportions of the winter sports elite training related articles were as follows: cross-country skiing 30%; biathlon 18%, ice hockey 15%, and speed skating 8%. And the proportions of the winter sports reserve training articles were the following: cross-country skiing 40%, ice hockey 26%, and biathlon 9%.
Issues of the mass sports were addressed by 29 articles (15% of the total) dominated by the school and student sports analyzing ones (mostly curling, ice hockey and winter football). Modest share of the studies (16%) prioritized winter sports issues specific social groups: women, students and handicapped people, though our analysis found these groups clearly
deserving more attention. Dominating in the above share were the topics of women's winter sports including biathlon, figure skating, ice hockey and curling; whilst the student and handicapped winter sports were subject to only a few publications for the decade.
Conclusion. We analyzed the key trends in the winter sports coverage by the Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury for the last decade. It should be emphasized that the national winter sports have clearly deserved more attention from the research community for the period. The winter sports coverage variation profile showed a persistent growth with minor sags in 2012, 2017 and 2019. Most of the articles considered different winter sports training issues and elements, mostly the physiological, biomechanical and psychological ones. We found it traditional for the research community to prioritize the winter sports elite training topics. Regional winter sports were found underrepresented in the coverage for the period. As for the winter sports range in the publications, we were surprised to find no publications on skeleton and bobsled despite the fact that they are listed with the Olympic sports. We would recommend the national sports research community give a higher priority to the studies of winter sports to expand this share of the Teoiya i Praktika Fizicheskoy Kultury coverage later on since these sports are historically, traditionally and deservedly ranked with the strategic segment of the national sports industry.
References
1. Scientific and theoretical journal "Theory and practice of physical culture" [electronic resource]. Available at: http://www.teoriya.ru.
2. Form No. 1 Physical education and sports [Electronic resource]. Available at: https://minsport. gov.ru/sport/physical-culture/statisticheskaya-inf/ (date of access; 11.10.2021).
3. Litovchenko V.A., Zubkov D.A., Fendel T.V. Sports cluster as innovative form in development of sports reserve training system. Teoriya i praktika fiz. kultury. 2020. No. 6. pp. 98-100.
