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10that even in other contexts where written language is given 'more status', such as in educational context, spoken language is still needed. Interactive activities provide opportunities for learners to use the target language in a communicative way for meaningful activities rather than form.
It will lead students to acquire what they need and what they want actually to be used in real life situations. The two types of interactive activities employed in the classroom and focused on in this paper are: Group Discussion and Presentation; Role playing. Both are interactive activities because they require learners' participation and involvement and provide opportunities to produce the target language to become effective communicators.
References
1. Purpura, J.E. (2004). Assessing grammar. Cambridge: CUP.
2. Rivers, W.M. (2001). Teaching Foreign-Language Skills. Chicago: The Universityof Chicago Press.
USING MOTIVATIONAL TECHNIQUES TO DEVELOP SPEAKING AND READING SKILLS OF ESP LEARNERS Suyarova Sh.T.
Suyarova Shakhnoza Toylokovna — Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGES, TASHKENT STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: communication is a process in which we send and receive information among people. People communicate with others not only face-to-face, but also by sharing information via the Internet and their mobile phones. Many of people confirm that the significance of communication is like the importance of breathing.
Keywords: knowledge, modern, activity, communication, student, teacher, method, motivation, vocabulary, achievement.
Certainly, communication facilitates the spread of knowledge and connects relationships between people. To achieve the goal teachers should try as much as they can to break the silence in the classroom and make students speak no matter how many mistakes they make or how long it takes them to produce sentences. In order to decrease shyness while speaking in front of the whole class, students may be offered the opportunity to work in groups or pairs, which is a suitable approach for enhancing the active language use. It declares that "motivation is very strongly related to achievement in language learning".
This statement results from teaching practice showing that eager learners willing to invest effort in speaking activities are likely to make greater progress. On the contrary, those sitting silently at the desk without desire to be involved in any kind of speaking activity, may find themselves stuck to be able to improve their speaking skill. Having noticed this, teachers should encourage low-motivated students to develop the interest in communicative activities. Ur describes some strategies to enhance students' motivation to speak in a lesson. The principal one is selecting the topic carefully to make it as interesting for students as possible. If the teacher's choice fails in the class, there should be no panic or embarrassment. The possible solution to this situation may be asking the students to vote for a topic they would be interested in talking about.
Varied tasks are also suggested for a successful and efficient speaking lesson as well as using visuals to enhance students' motivation to speak. Average pictures copied from different sorts of textbooks and workbooks do not encourage adult learners to speak anymore. Adult learners prefer to be set into real situations, dealing with real and current news items concerning today's world and society. Communication is a process in which we send and receive information among people. People communicate with others not only face-to-face, but also by sharing information via the Internet and their mobile phones. Many of people confirm that the significance of communication is like the importance of breathing. According to Thornburry [1, c. 48], speaking is a speech production that becomes a part of daily activities which involves interaction. It means that if one is able to communicate well she or he will be able to interact with the society, can visit many places without having any barriers, work in any fields of life because speaking is a key to pass the interview test. Nolasco mentions that being able to speak reasonably correct and even fluent English is one thing, but being able to engage in on-going, interactive, mentally satisfying conversation is another. Conversation is such a natural part of our life that many people are not aware of what happens within it.
However, conversation follows certain rules which should abide by them in order make participants feel relaxed and be satisfied with it. Arthur adds that the main purpose of conversation is the exchange of information among people. While communicating, our students may find themselves in different social situations playing various social roles and the main task for language teachers is to prepare them for these real situations they might participate in. This also includes leading students to develop the ability to initiate and sustain conversation whenever it occurs. When students learn a foreign language, they very often build up enough knowledge on their grammar and they enrich their vocabulary at the same time. There is always hindrance that impedes them to speak immediately. Then they acknowledge that they cannot actually use this language to communicate when they want to. Scrivener states that it seems to be difficulty in moving language from passive knowledge into active usage.
Without experience in using the language, learners may tend to be nervous about trying to say things. Actually, they might feel a fear to be seen foolish in front of others, they might worry about getting things wrong or else they may want to evade teacher's comments or correction. One of the best ways of helping learners to activate their knowledge is to put them in "safe" situations in class where they are inspired and encouraged to try to speak a foreign language.
He claims that students' attitude to speaking the language may be affected by different factors from the outside, such as people in close surroundings, previous speaking experience in a foreign language or the job opportunities offered after mastering foreign language communication [2, c. 1246].
Success is also based on students' willingness to learn to speak a foreign language, which may be influenced by the teacher's methods used in teaching communication and above all, his or her personality.
Students' personalities also play an important role in determining how quickly and correctly they will manage a speaking task. Those who are shy may take a long time to speak confidently, but when they finally manage it, their English contains fewer errors. The aim of both types of students is the same, indeed - to use the language correctly and fluently.
References
1. Thornbury Scott. How to Teach Speaking. Essex: Pearson Education Limited Nolasco, Rob & Arthur, Lois. Conversation. Oxford: OUP, 1987. 150 p.
2. Abbasian G., Bahmani P., 2014. Retrospective vs. prospective corrective feedback impactson developing EFL learners' writing ability and learner autonomy. Theory and Practice in Language Studies. 4 (6). 1243-1250.
DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGE SKILLS IN ENGLISH OF ESL STUDENTS
BY ICT Suyarova Sh.T.
Suyarova Shakhnoza Toylokovna — Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGES, TASHKENT STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: it should be mentioned that in 2012, there was validated a law about developing and improving the teaching and learning a second language (English) by the first President, I.Karimov. This law helped to teachers of English to lead an advanced technology based lesson. The government has included ICT as one of the curricula in Uzbekistan 's education. The Methodology of English has started a new way of using ICT in teaching.
Keywords: ICT, traditional approach, activity, communication, student, teacher, method, second language, vocabulary, computer application.
The primary aim of this article is to demonstrate the importance of advanced technologies in teaching and acquiring the English languages. "A new age demands a new paradigm"- Walter McKenzie. People even couldn't imagine about technological changes in a sphere of teaching 100 years ago. I can deliberately claim that new means of gadgets have influenced not only on science itself, but also on teaching a second language. ICT has made a process of lessons more easy and interesting both for teachers and students.
"With the help of technology, teachers will be leaders in the transformation of education around the world"-Craig R.Barrett. There are a number of advantages of leading ICT-based lesson, while teaching and learning English. It is a truth universally acknowledged that English has become a pivotal means of communication in a number of domains. Although English is a native language of British, it has been established as a second language in many country, namely in India, Nigeria, Ghana and so on. Thus there is a high percentage of demand for
