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УДК 9
Hojageldiyev R.
teacher
Magtymguly Turkmen State University
Jumayev H.
teacher
International Academy of Horse Breeding named after Aba Annaev.
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
THEIR GOLDEN MANES FLOW MAJESTICALLY IN THE WIND Annotation
The Akhal-Teke is a direct descendant of the horses of the Massagetae, the Bactrians and the Alans which were famous in antiquity. This unique breed is not less than three thousand years old. In ancient Persia these horses were known as Nisaean and several centuries later - as Parthian, but they were always spoken of as the best in the world. In the second century B.C. the Roman historian Oppian wrote of them: "These horses, worthy of the most powerful rulers, are strikingly beautiful in appearance, they move lightly under the rider and lightly accept the bit; the head with its Roman nose is carried high and their golden manes flow majestically in the wind." After studying most of the relevant historical, archeological and literary data, modern specialists came to the conclusion that the Akhal-Teke breed is a strain of the ancient racehorse that has developed independently. For many centuries no other breed could compare with it in respect of size, strength, speed and distinctive beauty.
Key words:
horses, equestrian sport, agriculture, breeding, selection, competitions.
Akhal-Teke horses are characterized by a light body and long legs with thin bones. The external structure of the body of Akhal-Teke horses is very local, and depending on whether the horse belongs to the genus of horse or horse, the relationship between the parts of the body and the activity of the horse is clearly felt. The humerus is well positioned, the cruciate ligaments and cruciate ligament are well articulated and have a good range of motion. A good sign in Akhal-Teke horses is considered if the waist is of medium length, with good definition of the stifle and stifle joint, and also if the muscles of the hamstrings and hamstrings are well defined than the withers. The hooves are thin, long and strong, the hind limbs are short and soft, the hooves and hooves are strong. Studying the characteristics of the mentioned horse helps to choose Akhal-Teke horses for racing, equestrian sports, and Turkmen national equestrian games. The skin of Akhal-Teke horses is dense, the wool is soft and fluffy, like thin velvet, in most cases it has the property of fluorescence, that is, it glows when the light falls, which gives its color unique golden and silver shades. Akhal-Teke horses live longer and mature later than other breeds. Let's look at some examples. Scientific sources on horse breeding note that English horses reach full height by three years and live no more than 16-18 years, while Akhal-Teke horses give birth at the age of 1820 years and even older. The good behavior of horses determines their value, quality and fitness. The rapid movement of Akhal-Teke horses led to their use in military work, national equestrian sports, horse racing competitions, and increased their value. The natural movements of Akhal-Teke horses are a well-developed gait, a medium gait, and an undeveloped gallop. In 1988, the second horse march took place between Ashgabat and Moscow. Once again, the Akhal-Teke and Imut horses demonstrated tremendous endurance and spread their fame throughout the world. In 1935, an Akhal-Teke horse named Arab was trained in the Moscow sports stable, took part in the Ashgabat-Moscow march and was presented there to the Soviet government. On May 9, 1945, Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov organized a Victory Parade in the name of the Turkmens, called Arabs. In 1949, at the age of 19, Arab was transferred to the Lugovoi stud farm in Kazakhstan, where he raised Absinthe,
an Olympic champion. In September 1945, in Moscow, a 500 km marathon race with the participation of the best horses of eight breeds of horses from the former USSR, dedicated to the victory won in the Great Patriotic War, ended with a great victory for the Turkmens. horsemen The first place in this race is taken by 588 Tarlan Gyr, born in 1938, an Akhal-Teke horse from the offspring of 044 Tyllagush and 334 Myrat. At the 1960 Olympic Games in Rome, the Akhal-Teke horse Absinthe, ridden by Sergei Filatov, took first place and won the Olympic gold medal. Absinthe won a bronze medal at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. He later competed in the Olympics again and was named Horse of the Century at the Mexico City Olympics. No other horse has competed in the Olympic Games three times like Absinthe. In 1950, at the All-Union Spartakiad of Rural Athletes, held in Moscow under the command of the Mary squadron athlete Alexei Ivanovich Shirinka, an Akhal-Teke named Perepel jumped 8 m 78 cm and became the champion of the competition. Selection of horses - along with the areas of breeding work, it is necessary to pay special attention to the original breed of horses and foals. From this point of view, I would like to point out the existence of three outstanding horses in the Akhal- Teke breed among Akhal-Teke horses, identified by Professor M.I. Belonogov (1955) (technical data 7), and the importance of highlighting these various outstanding horses. horses in breeding work. Breeds (types) of Akhal-Teke horses within the breed: 1) original (main) outstanding horses; 2) moderately well-known horses; 3) proper horses. Between the indicated three outstanding groups in kahalas there are also intermediate outstanding horses, for example, from yogn, initial outstanding, thin initial, intermediate initial outstanding, etc. Therefore, the person who determines the type of horse must be an experienced rider. The real horses of the horse breed are large, strong, well-built, beautiful Akhal-Teke horses, very well-mannered and beautiful horses of golden yellow, golden yellow and silver yellow colors. These are well-shaped horses with a wide and downturned muzzle, apple eyes, playful canes and gracefully arched goosenecks. They have a medium-width belly, well-developed muscles, a smooth and mottled undercoat, and smooth and short tails. Among the horses of the original noticeable group there are also horses with a weaker, thinner body structure and a more general temperament. Testicular deficiencies include short legs with long soft saddles, mixed muscles and straight legs. Horses belonging to the average appearance group are smaller and lighter in build. These horses are strong, strong, with a long or medium neck, a head of medium size in relation to the body, flexible legs and well-defined ligaments, bony and strong legs. Despite his small size, he is very healthy and strong. List of used literature:
1. M.I. Belonogov. Basic principles of breeding work with the Akhal-Teke horse breed. Ashgabat, 1955.
2. K. B. Svechin and others. Horse breeding. Moscow, 1992.
3. A.S. K rasnikov. Horse breeding. Moscow, 1973.
© Hojageldiyev R., Jumayev H., 2024
УДК 9
Алиев Ч.,
преподаватель.
Туркменский государственный университет имени Махтумкули.
Ашхабад, Туркменистан.
ТУРКМЕНИСТАН В III-VII ВЕКАХ: САСАНИДСКОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВО
Аннотация
К началу III века до нашей эры Парфянское государство было ослаблено постоянными войнами и внутренними конфликтами. Согласно историческим данным, в это время персидско-эрийские земли были
