CC BY
17
DOI 10/14526/01_2018_293
THE PECULIARITIES OF HAND-TO-HAND FIGHTERS' STATE OF PSYCHIC COMPETITIVE ACTIVITY READINESS FORMATION
Oleg E. Shebeshtin - Senior Lecturer Pavel V. Minin - Cadet
Military Educational-Scientific Center of Air Force "Air Force Academy Named After Professor N.
E. Zhukovskiy and Y. A. Gagarin", House 54A, , Starykh Bolshevikv str., Voronezh, 394064, Russia
E-mail: divers9505@gmail.com
Annotation. In modern hand-to-hand fighting there are a lot of unfavorable moments, connected with the absence of an effective psychological training and psychological substantiation of the intensive physical, psychological loads, which lead sportsmen to socially important competitions. Hand-to-hand fighting as a kind of combat sport includes blows and blocking with hands and legs and also throws, painful and suffocating holds, connected with considerably risky and dangerous for wrestlers' health moments and it makes the problem of their psychological training very urgent. Material. In order to analyze and substantiate the problem of the peculiarities revelation of psychic competitions readiness state formation among hand-to-hand fighters the results of the pedagogical observation and stating experiment were used. Research methods: scientific-methodical and special literature analysis, interview, conversation, pedagogical observation over the training process of sportsmen-hand-to-hand fighters. Results. The importance of the psycho-regulation methodology in terms of psychological training of hand-to-hand fighters is revealed. Necessary components of psychological training for competitive activity are determined: psychological self-training, idea setting taking into account the future trainings and competitions; a trainer's influence for psychological orientation to competitions and helping hand-to-hand fighter during own abilities estimation in a form of a mindset, visualization analysis and own abilities estimation; events connected with help and psychological support of a collective, friends and family provision. Conclusion. The main directions of hand-to-hand fighters' psychic readiness formation to competitions are the following: knowledge gaining, abilities and skills formation, which are necessary in professional activity, individual features of hand-to-hand fighters' psyche determination and study, psychological status revelation and characteristic, teaching and mastering the methods of psychological regulation of an organism state, the methods of psychoregulation realization, psychic readiness state, psycho-emotional state, anxiety before competitions control.
Keywords: hand-to-hand fighting, behavior, methodology, psycho-regulation, self-regulation, psychic readiness.
Introduction. In modern sport of the highest results, irrespective of a kind of sport, it is a well-known fact that psychological readiness of an athlete to competitive activity is the main factor of competitions effectiveness. That is why many sports specialists, mainly physiologists, psychologists and psychophysiologists, pay special attention to innovative technologies of psychological training creation and
experimental substantiation and sportsmen's state of psychic readiness to competitive activity formation according to kinds of sport [3,4,7,8]. It is known that sport training is a long-term process, in which the state of psychic readiness to competitions formation and dynamics, intensive trainings have great practical and methodical importance.
In modern sports practice speed-power kinds of sport, especially in sport of the
highest achievements, there are a lot of unfavorable moments, connected with the absence of an effective psychological training and psychological substantiation of the intensive physical, psychological loads, which lead athletes to socially important competitions.
Modern sport, especially hand-to-hand fighting as a kind of combat sport, which includes blows and blocking with hands and legs and also throws, painful and suffocating holds, is connected with considerably risky and dangerous for wrestlers' health moments, is actively used in professional-applied physical training of servicemen of the Russian Federation as the base of adaptedness of an organism increase to extreme conditions, connected with professional and competitive activity.
In this connection sports practice shows that in hand-to-hand fighting even experienced athletes very often feel anxiety, irritation, apathy towards competitions, which has a negative influence on the effectiveness of competitive activity. Practice shows that psychological injuries are not easily recovered, they have chronic character.
All mentioned above makes the problem of psychological training improvement in hand-to-hand fighting during the period of training for competitions very urgent.
Training sportsmen in this kind of sport is always advancing and progressive. It should be organized and systematic, that is why it is necessary to know the regularities and peculiarities of psychological readiness formation among cadets-hand-to-hand fighters to fight at different stages of their training, which will provide competitive and professional activity effectiveness increase.
In recent years psychological means of training are widely used. However, even at the stage of literature analysis it was revealed that this question is not effectively solved. In sports training of hand-to-hand fighters poor arsenal of psychological training means and methods is used: autotraining, functional music, conversation, video watching.
Most specialists don't pay much attention to the state of psychological
readiness among hand-to-hand fighters, they mainly pay attention to technical readiness.
The aim of this research work is theoretical and methodical substantiation of the psychic readiness state formation ways among hand-to-hand fighters.
Research methods: scientific-methodical and special literature analysis, interview, conversation, pedagogical observation over the training process of athletes-hand-to-hand fighters.
Research organization. The base of the experimental research was the Federal State Military Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Military Educational-Scientific Center of Air Force "Air Force Academy named after professor N. E. Zhukovskiy and Y. A. Gagarin", Voronezh, Russia. For theoretical and methodical analysis the works of the leading specialists in hand-to-hand fighting were used, interviews and pedagogical observations over the training process of cadets, who go in for hand-to-hand fighting were held.
Material. For the presented problem analysis and substantiation of pedagogical observation and stating experiment results were used, which are connected with the methodology importance revelation of hand-to-hand fighters' psychic readiness state psychoregulation, as the base for the experimental methodology of hand-to-hand fighters training creation.
Results. According to D.R Zakirov (2012, 2013), psychological analysis of wrestlers' competitive activity gave an opportunity to set the interconnection between the separate characteristics of athletes' psyche. On the basis of such kind of analysis the author created the characteristics of Greco-Roman wrestlers' psychological status, which gives a complex description of the wrestlers' psychological traits, taking into account their types of temperament. As a result of the held psychological research the author also revealed personal characteristics of wrestlers and the character of sports combat organization. This approach gave the author an opportunity to create the experimental methodology of training wrestlers, taking into account their type of
temperament, which helped to increase the effectiveness of sports training [1,2]. The experimental methodology of the author includes the methods of psychoregulation use, the stages revelation of psychic readiness state formation, taking into consideration individual-personal features of psyche and pedagogical techniques, which are used for the methods of psychoregulation realization.
The results analysis of conversation with highly-qualified hand-to-hand fighters showed that the achievements of athletes, who have almost the same level of readiness, are different. In order to explain this situation it is necessary to study the emotional state, feelings of sportsmen before the start. Almost all hand-to-hand fighters underlined that the following things most of all influence the state of aiming for success: emotional state (45%) and feelings (27%), which can lead to nervous tension (13%) and psychological fatigue (34%). Athletes also mention that emotional state is influenced by failures (23%), success (67%), and a judge's behavior (23%). In this connection the cases of aggression (12%), hostility (9%), rules of competitions violation (19%) can appear.
All mentioned above helps to underline that a successful performance of athletes during important competitions depends not only on their physical (34%) and tactical-technical (23%) readiness, but also on
psychological qualities (34%) in difficult situations and on this base effectively mobilize the reserves of own organism (68%).
We revealed necessary components of psychological training for competitive activity among hand-to-hand fighters: psychological self-training, idea setting taking into account the future trainings and competitions (37%); a trainer's influence for psychological orientation to competitions and helping hand-to-hand fighter during own abilities estimation in a form of a mindset, visualization analysis and own abilities estimation(23%); events connected with help and psychological support of a collective, friends and family provision (17%).
Direct psychological training for competitions among hand-to-hand fighters should include the state of psychic readiness formation (63%).
The main component of the psychic readiness formation state should become psychoregulation (43%). It is the component of psychological training in sport [6].
Picture 1 presents a block-scheme of the main directions of hand-to-hand fighter's state psychological regulation and their realization for hand-to-hand fighters' psychic readiness to competitions formation.
readiness to show moral-volitional (67%) and
PSYCHOREGULATION OF HAND-TO-HAND FIGHTERS' PSYCHIC STATE
MAIN DIRECTIONS OF PSYCHOREGULATION REALIZATION AMONG HAND- TO-HAND FIGHTERS
Psychic state regulation of hand-to-hand fighters, struggle against apathy, sports fever, physical and psychic working capacity decrease Psychological mindset to take part in competitions (motives, beliefs, autotraining, functional music, video films) Physical and psychic working capacity rehabilitation, personal and situational anxiety level decrease
Mobilization readiness of a hand-to-hand fighter creation to the future competitive activity Psychic reliability increase of a hand-to-hand fighter concerning the starts The effectiveness of competitive activity increase among hand-to-hand fighters
Teaching sports exercises and mistakes correction in technical-tactical actions of hand-to-hand fighters
FORMATION LEVEL DETERMINATION OF PSYCHIC READINESS STATE AMONG HAND-TO-HAND FIGHTERS
Result Estimation Control and correction
The state of psychic readiness Integral index of psychic readiness state (health, activity, mood test (HAM) Current, operation control. The technique if psychoregulation fulfillment, taking into account individual personal qualities of hand-to-hand fighters
Personal and situational anxiety (PA and SA) PA and SA (indices) PA and SA decrease owing to autotraining, conversation, meditation, kinds of respiration exercises, yoga and etc..
Physical working capacity PWC170, MOC (maximum oxygen consumption). Rehabilitation means use (sleep, massage, sauna, pharmacology, apparatus means of rehabilitation)
Competitive result Indices Record and analysis
Picture 1 - The main directions of psychological regulation
Picture 1 shows that the main component of hand-to-hand fighters' state psychoregulation should become the main directions of its demonstration.
It is known that athletes' state psychoregulation before the competitions is the methodology of psychological training and a structural component of psychic readiness state formation and is directed at negative psychic states regulation, such as apathy, sports fever, oppression, sadness, fear, worry before the start. Psychoregulation is widely used in order to form psychic mindsets of athletes to starts, for athletes' physical working capacity of rehabilitation and the state of physical and psychic readiness mobilization to competitive activity. Psychological regulation provides hand-to-hand fighter's psychic reliability increase, is widely used while teaching sports exercises and mistakes correction in technical-tactical motional actions of a hand-to-hand fighter.
The main kinds and measures of an athlete's state psychoregulation use gives athletes an opportunity to achieve the skill of psychoregulation and a reasonable use of psychoregulation means in necessary aims achievement, especially during competitions.
Taking into account the fact that there is no any material and methodology
concerning teaching athletes the skills of psychoregulation in a special literature, there appears the problem of different methodologies creation of sportsmen's psychic readiness formation before competitions. Presented by us block-scheme of hand-to-hand fighter's main directions psychological regulation state can form a methodical base for the experimental methodologies creation. In spite of the fact that many specialists of sports science offer us different variants of psychological training using the methodology of athletes' state psychoregulation, there are not enough examples of these materials use in sports practice [7].
The formation level determination of psychic readiness state among hand-to-hand fighters is considered in case of performances effectiveness determination (indices, places, video), integral estimation of psychic readiness state (HAM, personal and situational anxiety, physical working capacity, aerobic productivity, control and correction).
Conclusion. Thus, the main directions of hand-to-hand fighters' psychic readiness formation to competitions are the following:
- knowledge gaining, abilities and skills formation, which are necessary in
professional activity (A.A. Chastikhin, O.E. Shebeshtin, 2017);
- individual-personal features of hand-to-hand fighters' psyche determination and study;
- psychological status of hand-to-hand fighters' revelation and characteristic (D.R. Zakirov, 2012, 2013);
- teaching and mastering the methods of psychological regulation of an organism state;
- the methods of psychoregulation realization;
- psychic readiness state, psycho-emotional state, anxiety before competitions control.
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Author's information:
Oleg E. Shebeshtin - Senior Lecturer, Military Educational-Scientific Center of Air Force "Air Force Academy Named After Professor N. E. Zhukovskiy and Y. A. Gagarin", House 54A, , Starykh Bolshevikv str., Voronezh, 394064, Russia
THE RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT (Pedagogical-Psychological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports), Volume 13 No.1 2018 _ISSN 2588-008X ISSN 2588-0225
Pavel V. Minin - Cadet, Military Educational-Scientific Center of Air Force "Air Force Academy Named After Professor N. E. Zhukovskiy and Y. A. Gagarin", House 54A, , Starykh Bolshevikv str., Voronezh, 394064, Russia, E-mail: divers9505@gmail.com
For citations: Shebeshtin O.E., Minin P.V. The peculiarities of hand-to-hand fighters' state of psychic competitive activity readiness formation, The Russian Journal of Physical Education and Sport (Pedagogico-Phycological and Medico-Biological Problems of Physical Culture and Sports), 2018, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 110-115. DOI 10/14526/01_2018_293
DOI 10/14526/01_2018_294
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MAXIMUM CONSUMPTION OF OXYGEN AND THE EFFICACY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF THE HALF-LONG-DISTANCE
RUNNERS (800 METERS)
Charbi Belkacem - Dr., Teacher and Lecturer, Class A, Director of the Laboratory of the Sport
System in Algeria
Institute of Physical and Sports Sciences and Techniques, University Zian Achour, Djelfa, Algeria Khader Salih - Dr., Teacher and Lecturer, Class A, Member at the Laboratory of Prevention and
Drug Control Strategies in Algeria Institute of Physical and Sports Sciences and Techniques, University Zian Achour, Djelfa, Algeria
Rahmoun Tahar - PhD., Student Institute of Physical and Sports Sciences and Techniques, University Zian Achour, Djelfa, Algeria
Email: s.khader@mail. univ-djelfa.com Email: khseps2012@gmail.com
Annotation: Field tests are a real and effective way to know the true value of the athlete and the use of appropriate field tests for the diagnosis of appropriate planning, and to identify individual differences as well as follow-up and control of the athlete and hostility The aim of the study: was to compare two field tests, the Vamival Cazorla test and the Brikci test, to determine which tests are best suitable to measure maximum consumption of oxygen and respiratory efficiency Sample of the study: the half-long distances (800 m) in 2017 to identify the individual differences and to prepare the appropriate training and predictability in the future for field follow-up Study Methodology: In our study, we used this experimental approach with a single design Study tool: The tool was found in the Vamival Cazorla and Brikci tests on a sample. Statistical Methods: To obtain the results, the statistical analysis program (SPSS) was used to calculate the mean and standard deviations and to test for measuring individual differences The results of the study: The study of "Vamival Cazorla" is the most suitable for calculating the value of the maximum consumption of oxygen (vo2 max), and the test "Brikci"is the most suitable for the recognition of respiratory efficiency in the half-longdistance sprinters specialty (800 meters) .
Keywords: Maximum consumption of oxygen - Respiratory efficiency - Half-long distances
Urgency: The maximum consumption of oxygen is considered as an important factor in hard sports such as: Half-long races(800 Meters) [1] as we already mentioned before relies on endurance to increase the capacities, and it is linked with physical performance.
The importance in determining the maximum consumption of oxygen is to know the improvement achieved through a specific training and to know the necessary degree (of the maximum consumption of oxygen) for the
