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For citations: Bezzubov A.A., Belyaev V.S., Chernogorov D.N. Weightlifting means effectiveness during power abilities development among 9-11-year-old children, The Russian journal of physical education and sport (pedagogico-psychological and medico-biological problems ofphysical culture and sports), 2017, Vol. 12, No.2, pp. 64-74.
DOI 10.14526/01_2017_209
THE ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN PHYSICAL TRAINING IN SPECIAL
MEDICAL GROUPS
Nina A. Zinchuk - candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor Nataliy V. Yermolina - candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor
Astrakhan State University, 20 A, Taticheva str., Astrakhan, 414056, Russia Alexsandr V. Dorontsev - candidate of pedagogical, associate professor Astrakhan State Medical Uuniversity, 121, Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000, Russia
E-mail: [email protected]
Annotation. Pedagogical analysis of special medical groups results in the Astrakhan region schools allowed us to determine substantial differences in the methods and forms of educational process on physical education organization, as well as pedagogical and medical control. Material. The paper presents a research of carrying out physical education lessons forms and methods in the Astrakhan region secondary schools, in special medical groups "A" and "B". Determination of differentiated physical activity level for schoolchildren with pathological changes in health status is presented. Research methods. Analysis of the annual and ongoing medical examinations results, functional tests, clinical data of health care institutions (MH), pedagogical control. Results. The research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of physical education lessons in secondary schools special medical groups. These results justify that an adequate selection of pedagogical methods, as well as educational groups differentiation on the disease, will help to optimize the schoolchildren physical condition and health. Rational organization of lessons will allow to use individually means of physical education in health and rehabilitation purposes depending on the pathology. Keywords. special medical group, physical culture, pedagogical and medical control.
Introduction. According to the Astrakhan Committee of state statistics, the incidence in the region among schoolchildren over the last five years increased dramatically. The overall incidence increased by 23%, infectious diseases - 53%, neoplasms - 84%, diseases of the endocrine system and metabolic disorders - 20%, diseases of the nervous system - 40%, circulatory system diseases -32%, respiratory 20%, diseases of the digestive system - 43%, musculoskeletal system - 24%,
diseases of the genitourinary system - 63% [10]. (Fig. 2). At the same time, many experts believe that adequate exercise allows to increase the reserve capacity of the organism [1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9]. Increase of the organism adaptive capacity to the increasing physical activity helps to improve the activation of tissue metabolism and redox processes [3]. Thus, the problem of physical training of children with chronic diseases not only lost its
relevance, but on the contrary, in recent years, became more significant.
Research organization. The research was conducted with schoolchildren in 10 Astrakhan region schools in 2014 - 2016, schools were determined by random sample. In the course of work functional tests, methods of practical training of special medical groups "A" and "B", the data of regular medical examinations were analyzed. The research was carried out using the program for work with electronic tables in Microsoft Excel 2007 with macro complement to XLSTAT -Pro (Microsoft, USA), a software package for statistical analysis Statistica10 (Stat SoftInc. USA). The research was conducted on the bases of Astrakhan region secondary schools.
The results of the study. In the result of the research it was determined that in most schools (over 80%) in classes with a contingent of special medical groups lessons were conducted by the physical education teacher and in many cases these activities were combined with the main and preparatory groups.
In other schools the classes were held on the basis of health centers, clinics medical physical education (physical therapy) clinics. Lessons of physical education in these cases were conducted by the methodist or physiotherapist. In addition, it was revealed that in 20% of schools there was no impaired children physical education system, in 70% of schools lessons in SMG were held by physical education teachers and only in 10 % of schools classes were conducted by physiotherapists in well-equipped halls (Fig. No. 1). Almost in all schools the distribution of schoolchildren in
medical educational groups was based on the results of the annual medical checkup or according to the conclusion of the medical -preventive establishment (TPI), correction of the medical group in the course of the school year was recorded rarely. Children referred to the special medical group "B" in 72% of schools were exempted from practical lessons and only their presence in the classroom was recorded. Monitoring of the cardiovascular system hemodynamic parameters in the SMG class "A", was conducted episodically mainly when the schoolchildren were performing exercises for overall endurance. The vast majority of classes SMG "A" were combined with lessons of the main and preparatory medical groups, making it difficult to conduct individual control of the volume and intensity of physical activity for schoolchildren of the respective medical groups. Differentially structured study material of practical exercises in accordance with the existing pathology was used in most cases rather formally by children, due to a number of factors, the main of which, in our opinion, were: lack of qualified physical education teachers, and combined practical training of MMG and SMG.
In 93% of cases because of maladaptive reactions development risk of SMG "B" schoolchildren in the performance of motor tasks of the physical education teacher freed older students from practical classes and the development of the subject was restricted to theoretical section in the form of writing tasks essay, and in elementary and middle school physical education was confined to the presence in the classroom.
Fig.1.
The ratio in Astrakhan region schools SMG physical education organizational forms
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
□ yHMTe^b ®K
□ MeTOfl.
□ He BefleTca
Fig. 2.
The incidence increase of the Astrakhan region secondary school children
90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
€ 1 •Kj
1 1 1 4
s
□ 2015
□ 2010
Conclusion. Thus, the research indicates that training at secondary schools special medical groups in many cases is held formally and individually structured teaching material is used not in full. The combination of
basic and special medical groups for physical education classes does not allow to differentially control the intensity of children with various pathologies motor actions execution. The risks of developing
disadaptation reactions to physical activity of students referred to special medical group "B" lead to a situation where the certification of the subject is conducted mainly by the presence in the classroom.
Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the combination of the main and special medical groups activities in practical lessons does not solve the issues of recovery and rehabilitation, when using the means of physical education for children with deviations in health. Separate lessons for UMG and SMG, as well as individual educational and current medical control will allow timely adjustments to the pathological condition of children by means of physical education, increasing the reserve capacity of their organism.
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Submitted: 20.04.2017 Received: 24.04.2017
Nina A. Zinchuk -
University,
candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor Astrakhan State
20 A, Taticheva str., Astrahan, 414056, Russia
Nataliy V. Yermolina - candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor Astrakhan State University, 20 A, Taticheva str., Astrakhan, 414056, Russia
Alexsandr V. Dorontsev - candidate of pedagogical, associate professor Astrakhan State Medical University, 121, Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan, 414000, Russia, E-mail: [email protected]
For citations: Zinchuk N.A., Yermolina N.V., Doroncev A.V. The organization of schoolchildren physical training in special medical groups, The Russian journal of physical education and sport (pedagogico-psychological and medico-biological problems of physical culture and sports), 2017, Vol. 12, No.2, pp. 74-78.
DOI 10.14526/01_2017_210
THE LEVEL OF MOTIVATION FOR PHYSICAL CULTURE LESSONS AMONG STUDENTS OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS
Yliya A. Pushkarskaya - teacher of physical upbringing and health department Pyatigorsk Medical- Pharmaceutical Institute- the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Volgograd State Medical University", 11, pr. Kalinina, Pyatigorsk, 357532, Russia Gaik D. Aleksanyants - doctor of medicine, professor, vice-rector on scientific work Kuban State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, 161, Bydennogo str., Krasnodar, 350015, Russia Shamil A. Imnaev - candidate of pedagogics, associate professor, the head of physical culture and
sport department, Pyatigorsk State University, 9, pr. Kalinina, Pyatigorsk, 357532, Russia
E-mail: pushkarskaya [email protected]
Annotation: The urgency of the research is conditioned by the fact, that modern requirements for the process of physical upbringing among students predetermine the necessity to create and use new technologies of teaching, new principles of educational process organization and new forms of physical readiness and functional state control and estimation. In this context, during physical upbringing technologies creation, which should provide and increase the level of motivation, it is necessary to understand clearly what kind of demands and needs stimulate realized going in for physical culture and sport among students and what main trends form motivation for these lessons. It is also important to know how changes the structure of motivation during the whole period of education at a higher educational establishment. These details shouldform the base of all components of physical upbringing process among students. Material. The main demands, needs, "expectations", motivational stimuli and their level revelation among students of humanitarian higher educational establishments. Research methods: scientific literature analysis and summarizing, questionnaire survey, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. In order to solve the set problem questionnaires for students were created and interviewing in two higher educational establishments of Pyatigorsk -Pyatigorsk Medical- Pharmaceutical Institute- the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Volgograd State Medical University" and Pyatigorsk State University was held. The results of interviewing showed, that most students wanted
