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УДК 378
РАЗРАБОТКА КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СФЕРЫ
КайНан Лю1
'Статья подготовлена в рамках реализации Проекта «Совершенствование практики преподавания в системе высшего образования в России и Китае» Программы «ЭРАЗМУС+»
Аннотация. На основе анализа потребностей информационной отрасли автором выявлены необходимые функции специалистов и обоснованы условия их профессиональной подготовки. Разработана концепция обучения студентов, как концепция «развития талантов», базирующейся на инженерной практике и профессиональной реализации, включающей: целевое направление обучение; фундаментализацию базовых знаний; развитую инженерию навыков, как творческое применение достижений науки, техники и технологий; интенсивную практическую деятельность в ходе обучения с акцентом на сетевых технологиях. Практическая реализация концепции позволила существенно улучшить качество образования в информационной сфере, данный результат был констатирован как высокими результатами в профессиональных конкурсах, так и работодателями.
Ключевые слова: подготовка специалистов информационной сферы; концепция развития талантов; модель обучения, сетевые технологии.
THE CONSTRUCTION OF INFORMATION PROFESSIONALS TRAINING SYSTEM WITH STUDENT COMPETITIVENESS AS THE CORE
KaiNan Liu1
'The article is written within the Capacity Building Project «Enhancing Teaching Practice in Higher Education in RUSSIA and CHINA» (ENTEP). ERASMUS+ Programme
Abstract. Through the professionals demand analysis of the information industry and the characteristics of the information major students training, the author completed the core competitiveness analysis and systematization construction of information major students, studied and practiced the training concept of the engineering information students, built the training system of applied talents, and constructed an information professionals training model with the student competitiveness as the core. With practice, a series of achievements have been achieved. It was found that the core competitiveness and the comprehensive ability of information major students is obviously raised and the quality of talent cultivation is significantly improve.
Keywords: demand analysis, information major, training concept, training model, applied talents.
For a long time, there is a certain gap between the traditional information major students cultivated in universities and the talents demands of the rapidly developing information industry. The key of the information professionals training are following the cultivation concept of "student competitiveness as the core" and improving students' innovation and creativity. The critical point to cultivating applied talents with specialty is to establish the training concept and the training system of professional talents to adapt the need of the modern society.
1. Analysis on the competitiveness of information students.
According to the software engineering ideology, the author set up a rounded competitive system for information majors, combining with the domestic and foreign information-related discipline training system from the seven dimensions which are problem analysis, professional knowledge, technical ability, engineering method, executive ability, learning ability
and computational thinking. Among them, problem analysis, engineering method and execution ability are the core competitiveness of information students. As shown in Figure 1.
(1) Problem analysis: Problem analysis is the source of innovation. If s critical to cultivating critical and innovative thinking. It is the key to clear the demand and to solve the problem.
(2) Engineering method: Engineering method is the technical route and method to solve the problems using theoretical knowledge and skills. If s the comprehensive ability of converting theory and skills into practice.
(3) Executive ability: Executive ability is the core competitiveness of information major students. Ifs the key to transform professional theoretical knowledge and engineering methods into benefits and achievements, and ifs the specific performance of information major students to realize their professional value.
Figure 1. - Competitive System for Information Major
In the competitiveness system of information major, professional knowledge and technical ability are the educational target of students' professional skills. If s important to cultivate students' mindset and habit. The main goal is cultivating their computational thinking, with the emphasis on professional thinking method and lifelong learning.
The author established a system about engineering application and innovative talents training on the basis of students' competitiveness system. He optimized the professionals training model, updated the curriculum system and assessment methods of the college, clarified the core
competitiveness of information students, and provided a direction for the training of characteristic talents.
2. Construction of information professionals training system.
Studied the knowledge structure and ability needs of employers, the author put forward a talents cultivation concept of "clear direction, solid foundation, strong engineering, intensive practice, emphasis on features and pan-it", so that the theoretical knowledge, engineering practice and professional accomplishment can be integrated. As shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2. - The Information Professionals Training System
(1) Clear direction: training with the needs of professional fields.
In terms of information professionals training,
The author focused on the needs of the professional field, introduced the Washington protocol standards of international engineering certification, consulted
the curriculum settings of foreign famous universities, located in the forefront of the discipline and the future industry demand, and developed a training program by domestic and foreign school-enterprise experts together, so as to provide a reasonable, scientific and practical knowledge structure.
In terms of course content, the author offered some practical courses and engineering case studies for the needs of the talent market, added useful teaching content, and provided some advanced common tools in the industry.
(2) Solid foundation: acquiring the theoretical knowledge and technical ability, and strengthening the engineering consciousness
Students are trained to have a solid foundation. The author optimized and integrated the main courses setting according to the needs of employment, strengthened the basic content of each course, designed the reasonable teaching plan according to the realities of students and class hours, and highlighted the concept, method, thought and principle.
(3) Strong engineering: project-oriented theoretical teaching and task-based practical teaching
I. Project-oriented theoretical teaching
Referring to education concept of CDIO, the author
designed the project-oriented theoretical teaching of deep integration of knowledge and ability for some courses, with engineering design as a guide, ability training as the core and project teaching as the carrier.
II. Task-based practical teaching
The author set up a information technology association to recruit students who like practice. He divided the teams into big data, VR, AI and embedded, equipped with special instructors for planned training, and then, selected the students outstanding to participate in the scientific research project, so that students could get a comprehensive exercise.
(4) Intensive practice: Enterprise-oriented training environment, and whole-process vocational education
I. Enterprise-oriented training environment
The author have cooperated with Chinasoft and other enterprise to provide students with real conditions of enterprise, and established and made full use of the enterprise training environment integrated inside and outside the college.
The off-campus practical training base of "MOE - University of Sanya - Chinasoft co-education" has been set up. The college-enterprise cooperation with more than 20 companies including Hainan Microsoft Innovation Center have been established. These provided students with a real practical environment and realize the "seamless connection" between theoretical learning and practical operation.
I. Establishing the in-campus practice teaching base to cultivate students' engineering ability.
The author created a real enterprise environment
on campus, formed a real project base for different majors, built the open innovation experiment, professional ability training, semester training, school year training, graduation design and other practical projects, which improved the intramural practice teaching system of "course experiment -- course training -- pioneering project training -- semester training -- academic year training" and other multiple links.
II. Establishing an off-campus engineering practice base to cultivate students' project accomplishment.
The author worked closely with off-campus information companies to import the concept of industry-university-research collaborative training, and used the teaching resources of enterprise mentors and their software and hardware to cultivate students' innovative ability.
Students could take part in the project. From this, they could understand the project development process and enterprise management system. They experienced the enterprise operation mode immediately, and integrated into the enterprise working environment quickly. This entrepreneurial training environment enabled students to transition their roles to employee and laid a solid foundation for future.
III. Whole-process vocational education.
By four years professional courses learnt, the students have been set up positive values and their personal development planning. They set up their correct attitude and professional attainment in work, strengthened their communication ability and team cooperation ability, and inspired their innovation consciousness.
Through a series of courses and practice including professional basic courses, specialized courses, experimental courses, semester practical training, enterprise practical training, enrolment education, employment guidance and career planning, professional social survey, professional practice, graduation practice and graduation design, the author trained students to master the necessary professional knowledge, technological development trends, as well as the multi-disciplinary skills. The students' expertise, workflows, policies and the skills of communication and document compilation all have been substantially increased.
IV. Individualized interest development.
Talents were reserved for some competitions,
such as Lan Qiao Competition, Chinese College Student Computer Design Contest and "Internetplus" College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition, which include projects practice, interest groups and student societies also. At present, some students have completed the college website, college hospital physical examination system and other
projects under the guidance of the instructor, all of which have been put into use with good results.
(5) Emphasis on features: Orienting to the needs of the industry, highlighting the cultivation of engineering and innovation features.
Guided by the needs of the industry, the author grasped the core competitiveness of information students and strengthened the ability of problem analysis and engineering methods, especially the fast implementation. The ultimate goal is to form a special talents training model that are good at raising problems, optimizing solutions and fast realization.
According to the talents cultivation idea of "clear direction, solid foundation, strong engineering, intensive practice, emphasis on features and pan-it", the author have realized the five practical teaching methods of "theory and practice, knowledge and ability, on-campus and off-campus, practical training and engineering, specialty and occupation", and completed the reform of the "six-oriented" talent cultivation method, which includes "internationalized curriculum system, project-oriented theoretical teaching, enterprise-oriented practical training environment, scenario-based exercises task, full-time education career, and diversified faculty".
After years of practice, the core competitiveness of information major students have been significantly improved. In the last five years, these students have won 127 awards in the competition or activities such as ACM and China's "Internet plus" innovation and entrepreneurship competition. They have been highly appreciated by employers, and their core competitiveness has been tested by the society, so that the quality of students have been improved in information majors year by year. The deepening of reform and the improvement of students' comprehensive ability have made graduates more and more popular with employers.
3. The conclusion.
The rapid development of the information industry has raised higher requirements for information professionals. Through the research on the professionals training system with the students' core competitiveness, the idea of cultivating innovative talents for information major has been formed. A new effective method for the information professionals training has been provided. It has proved that the quality of professionals training has been improved significantly.
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Сведения об авторе:
КайНан Лю (г. Санья, Хайнань, Китай), доктор, профессор, компьютерные науки и технологии, Университет Санта, e-mail: liuknan@126.com
Data about the author:
KaiNan Liu (Sanya, Hainan, China), Dr., Professor, Computer Science and Technology, University of Sanya, e-mail: liuknan@126.com
