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THE BACKGROUND OF THE FORMATION OF COURT MUSIC AND DANCE IN
THE MING DYNASTY
CAO HANYUAN
PhD about history of Belarusian State University
The court music and dance of the Ming Dynasty was formed in the late stage of the development of my country's feudal society. The rulers of the Ming Dynasty established court music and dance for two reasons: first, to restore the Han culture that had been subverted by the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, and second, to maintain feudal rule.
Key words: The formation of music and dance in the Ming Dynasty.
The Ming Dynasty was another feudal dynasty established by Han rulers after the Yuan Dynasty. It was also the last unified feudal empire established by the Han landlord class in Chinese history. It was the late stage of the development of my country's feudal society and also the last stage of the development of my country's feudal society. The embryonic stage of capitalism. Although Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the early Ming Dynasty, implemented a series of policies to restore the Han system and recuperate, which restored the Han culture destroyed by the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty to a certain extent and improved people's production and life, these policies did not Without touching the foundation of the feudal system, we still cannot fundamentally resolve the contradiction between feudal productive forces and production relations, and cannot change the increasing decline and disintegration of the feudal system. After Zhu Yuanzhang unified the world, he established a very strict feudal autocracy and centralization. Ideologically and culturally, he still respected the Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism of Confucianism. People's thoughts were constrained by the traditional Confucian ethical principles, and their thoughts and behaviors were unified regionally. This This ideological system did play a role in consolidating feudal rule in the early Ming Dynasty. However, the good times did not last long. After the mid-Ming Dynasty, this strict political and ideological system gradually revealed its shortcomings. It made the entire social atmosphere and ideological and cultural structure increasingly conservative and rigid. In addition, in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, the internal contradictions of the feudal ruling class intensified, the politics became increasingly decadent and dark, and the social contradictions became increasingly acute. The traditional cultural and ideological system with Confucianism as the main body was doubted, and was challenged by active cultural forces from all aspects. A blast of power. The imperial court increased taxes and annexation of rural land, causing most farmers to lose their land and become homeless. Social order was destroyed, followed by the destruction of the feudal social hierarchy and the traditional etiquette system. This series of changes caused a strong impact on the traditional feudal ethics, and the social order of the Ming Dynasty fell into a state of disorder. In terms of culture and art, due to the fact that the emperors in the middle and late Ming Dynasty ignored government affairs and the ministers were corrupt and mediocre, Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, which represented the interests of the feudal ruling class, gradually lost its political privileges and original role. However, why did Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, which had such a right to speak, gradually not be taken seriously after the middle of the Ming Dynasty? People tried to break away from the shackles of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, and everyone from scholars to lower-class civilians dared to attack Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism? In addition to economic and political reasons, in terms of culture itself, Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism has passed its heyday and begun to transition into a period of decline. It is no longer suitable for the development of society at that time. "At the same time as the decline of Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, social culture with the theme of rural class and citizen class began to prevail. Popular novels, operas, ditties, legends and other highly entertaining and popular literary and art forms began to be widely accepted and popularized by people. He loved it and replaced Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism as the mainstream culture of the society at that time. Among them, the ditties of the Ming Dynasty were the most famous and were praised as having epoch-making
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ИСКУССТВОВЕДЕНИЕ ART HISTORY
significance. Chen Hongxu's "Han Ye Lu" quoted Zhuo Keyue as saying: My Ming poetry is better than that of the Tang Dynasty. The lyrics are given to the Song Dynasty, and the music is given to the Yuan Dynasty. I am the only one who understands Shuji's "Angkor", "Guangzhier", "Luojiang Resentment", "Dazao Gang", "Silver Knots" and so on. These literary and artistic forms were based on the social life and secular tastes of the time, reflecting the aspirations of the people at the bottom of society. They were loved by people and enriched people's entertainment life at that time.
Therefore, the background of the formation of music and dance in the Ming Dynasty was closely related to the social system and the social system at that time. The development of productivity is closely related. The rulers of the Ming Dynasty established court music and dance in order to restore Han culture and consolidate their rule. Although the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty and the later Emperor Jiajing paid more attention to the establishment of court music and dance, the court music and dance of the Ming Dynasty was formed in the late feudal society. stage, it had lost its cultural dominance at that time, which was the fundamental reason why the Ming Dynasty never established a complete elegant music system.
REFERENCES
1. Zhang Tingyu, A comprehensive examination of Qing Dynasty literature [M] Hangzhou: Zhejiang Ancient Books Publishing House, 1988.
2. Xia Ye ,A brief history of Chinese music [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2007.
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