CC BY
0
УДК 57
Artykova G.,
student.
Oguz han Engineering and Technology university of Turkmenistan.
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
TECHNOLOGY OF GROWING PURE STRAIN AND MYCELIUM OF MOREL MUSHROOM (MORCHELLA ESCULENTA)
Annotation
Morel mushrooms (Morchella esculenta) are highly prized for their unique flavor and nutritional value. Despite their culinary importance, their cultivation remains challenging due to specific environmental and physiological requirements. Advances in biotechnology and agricultural practices have made it possible to grow pure strains and mycelium under controlled conditions. This paper explores the techniques and technologies used in cultivating pure strains and mycelium of M. esculenta, emphasizing sterilization, substrate preparation, and environmental management.
Key words:
Morel mushrooms, importance, cultivation remains, environmental, management.
Morels are ascomycete fungi known for their complex life cycle and demanding growth requirements. They are traditionally collected from the wild, making their availability seasonal and inconsistent. Cultivating M. esculenta not only ensures a steady supply but also provides opportunities for sustainable production and genetic conservation. Key to successful cultivation is the development of pure strains and mycelium, which are foundational for controlled fruiting and commercial production.
Methods for Obtaining Pure Strains
Spore Isolation:
Spores are collected from mature fruiting bodies under sterile conditions.
They are plated on nutrient-rich agar media, such as Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), to encourage germination.
Tissue Culture:
Tissue fragments from fresh morel fruiting bodies are sterilized and placed on growth media.
This method ensures genetic fidelity and rapid mycelial development.
Hybridization and Selection:
Hybrid strains can be developed by crossing genetically diverse strains to enhance vigor and fruiting potential.
Selection involves screening strains for optimal growth and environmental adaptability.
Techniques for Growing Mycelium
Substrate Preparation:
Mycelium growth requires a nutrient-rich substrate. Common substrates include:
Sawdust
Wheat bran
Corncob powder
Compost enriched with organic material
Substrates are sterilized using autoclaving or chemical treatment to eliminate contaminants.
Inoculation:
Sterilized substrates are inoculated with pure mycelium under aseptic conditions.
Inoculated substrates are incubated in controlled environments to facilitate colonization.
Environmental Conditions:
Temperature: Optimal range is 20-25°C.
Humidity: High humidity (80-90%) supports mycelial growth.
Light: Indirect light may stimulate growth, although mycelium primarily grows in the dark. Aeration: Proper ventilation prevents the buildup of CO2, ensuring healthy growth. Challenges in Morel Cultivation Contamination Control:
Contaminants such as molds and bacteria can outcompete M. esculenta. Maintaining sterility is critical. Environmental Sensitivity:
Morels are highly sensitive to temperature and moisture fluctuations, requiring precise control. Complex Life Cycle:
The transition from mycelium to fruiting body is poorly understood and requires specific conditions, such as nutrient depletion and soil supplementation. Scaling Up:
While lab-scale cultivation is feasible, scaling up for commercial production remains challenging due to resource and space requirements.
Applications of Pure Strains and Mycelium Commercial Cultivation:
Pure strains are essential for large-scale farming of morels, ensuring consistent quality and yield. Biotechnology:
Morel mycelium can be used for bioremediation and the production of bioactive compounds. Culinary and Nutritional Uses:
Mycelium-based products are gaining popularity as a sustainable and nutritious food source. Список использованной литературы:
1. Chang, S. T., & Hayes, W. A. (2008). The Biology and Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms. Academic Press.
2. Ower, R., et al. (1986). "Cultivation of Morels." Mycologia, 78(2), 282-288.
3. Miles, P. G., & Chang, S. T. (1997). Mushroom Biology: Concise Basics and Current Developments. World Scientific.
© Artykova G., 2024
UDC 664
Ashyyeva A.
Student of biotechnology department Oguzhan Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan
c. Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
INVESTIGATING CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF THREE-LOBE-BEGGARTICKS (BIDENS TRIPARTITA) DERIVED BETA-SITOSTEROL AS A FOOD ADDITIVE
Abstract
Beta-sitosterol, a phytosterol with potential health benefits, is increasingly gaining attention as a functional food ingredient. This study investigates consumer perceptions of beta-sitosterol derived from Bidens
