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TECHNICAL SCIENCES
STUDY BY INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF CARBON-CONTAINING MATERIAL OBTAINED BY THE PYROLYSIS OF RUBBER-TECHNICAL PRODUCTS
1 2 3
Juraev Sh.T. , Mukhiddinov B.F. , Ibadullayev A.S. (Republic of Uzbekistan)
Email: [email protected]
Juraev Shohruh Tulkinovich - Doctor of Philosophy PhD; 2Mukhiddinov Bahodir Fakhriddinovich - DSc in Chemists, Professor, PhD, DEPARTMENT CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY, NAVOI STATE MINING INSTITUTE, NAVOI;
3Ibadullaev Akhmadzhon Sabirzhanovich - DSc in Technics, Professor, DEPARTMENT COMMUNICATION AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, TASHKENT INSTITUTE OF RAILWAY ENGINEERS, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: today, using powdered carbon materials in the world, they obtain compositions and parts based on high molecular weight compounds with high strength, using them in the chemical, food, engineering, aerospace, industry, as well as in the manufacture of electrical appliances and military equipment. Much attention is paid to the creation of powdered carbon materials obtained on the basis of high molecular weight compounds with previously specified technological, physic mechanical requirements and dynamic properties of the parts forming the structure. It has been established that a decrease in the particle size of the carbon-containing material leads to an increase in bulk density, acidity, moisture and practically does not affect the ash content. The carbon-containing material was studied by IR spectroscopic methods. Keywords: carbon-containing material, acidity, ash, moisture, anchorite, pyrolysis.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ИНФРАКРАСНЫМ СПЕКТРОСКОПИЧЕСКИМ АНАЛИЗОМ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО МАТЕРИАЛА, ПОЛУЧЕННОГО ПИРОЛИЗОМ РЕЗИНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ Жураев Ш.Т.1, Мухиддинов Б.Ф.2, Ибадуллаев А.С.3 (Республика Узбекистан)
1Жураев Шохрух Тулкинович - базовый докторант; 2Мухиддинов Баходир Фахриддинович - доктор химических наук, профессор, кафедра химической технологии, Навоийский государственный горный институт, г. Навои;
3Ибадуллаев Ахмаджон Сабиржанович - доктор технических наук, профессор, кафедра коммуникаций и систем инженеров, Ташкентский институт инженеров железнодорожного транспорта, г. Ташкент,
Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: сегодня в мире, используя порошкообразные углеродные материалы, получают композициии и детали на основе высокомолекулярных соединений с высокой прочностью, применяя их в химической, пищевой, машиностроительной, аэрокосмической промышленности, а также в производстве электрических приборов и военной техники. Большое внимание уделяется созданию порошкообразных углеродных материалов, полученных на основе высокомолекулярных соединений с ранее заданными технологическими, физико-механическими требованииями и динамическими свойствами, формирующими структуру деталей.
Установлено, что уменьшение размера частиц углеродсодержащего материала приводит к увеличению насыпной плотности, кислотности, влажности и практически не влияет на зольность. Изучали углеродсодержащего материала ИК-спектроскопическими методами. Ключевые слова: углеродсодержащего материала, кислотность, зольность, влажность, анкерита, пиролиз.
The number of motor transport complexes is increasing annually in the world, which, naturally, leads to the formation of used tire dumps. According to statistics from the European Association, tire recycling in Europe produces more than 9 million tons of shock-absorbed car tires. In the USA, the amount of used tires is about 1.5 million tons, in the UK almost 500 thousand tons of used tires are formed annually, of which 34% is recycled, 26% is recovered, 15% is burnt and 6% is transported to landfills burial places. About 96 million used tires are formed in Japan, 88.5% of them are processed, more than 400 thousand tons in France, 460-510 thousand tons in Germany, and more than 1 million tons of used tires are formed in Russia, of which it is processed no more than 10%. According to statistics in our republic, about 1.0 thousand tons of used tires are accumulated annually in NMMC alone (2018 y.)[1-3].
Among the existing methods for the disposal of used car tires, the best method is thermal decomposition - pyrolysis.
The use of waste-obsolete tires as a raw material base is relevant both from an economic and environmental point of view. Car tire is a valuable secondary raw material containing rubber - 6570%, carbon material -15-25%, metal cord-10-15%. Among these products, carbon materials are of great importance. Therefore, the physicochemical characteristics of this product have been studied in detail [4,5].
The structure of carbon black obtained by the pyrolysis of worn automobile tires was also studied by the IR spectroscopic method.
IR spectra are shown in fig 1.
An analysis of the spectra shows that in the IR spectra of carbon black absorption bands are observed with a very low intensity in the region> 3600 cm-1, indicating that some organic alcohols, water and humid air are adsorbed on the soot surface, and С=С stretching vibrations are also observed in this area.
After pyrolysis of rubber, all characteristic absorption bands disappear due to combustion of the organic composition. A very weak absorption is observed in the region of 2916 cm-1, which can be attributed to the -CH2 group, in addition to the separation products, some types of hydrocarbons are partially absorbed by the soot formed. Types of gentle bands of low intensity appear in the region of 693 cm-1 and also 600 cm-1, usually related to unsaturated hydrocarbons (-CH = CH-).
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Fig. 1. IR spectra of carbon black
Absorption bands characteristic of the CH2 and CH3 groups in the ranges of 2372 and 2345 cm-1 appear in the spectra. In the region of 1720-1684 cm-1, bands related to aromatic hydrocarbons appear.
In the region of 1458-1543 cm-1, characteristic bands of CH3C2 (CH3)2 C-groups are observed. Vibrations in the range of 1100-1000 cm-1 can be attributed to the (SiO4)4- or SiO2 content; at, 800 cm-1, bands also appear belonging to this group.
In the IR spectra of vibrations in the range from 400 cm-1 to 500 cm-1, absorption bands related to the metal oxide Me-O are observed.
Thus, the IR spectrum also shows the structure of carbon black formed after the pyrolysis of worn automobile tires.
References / Список литературы
1. Juraev Sh.T. Mukhiddinov B.F., Ibadullayev A.S., Isroilov O.I. Physical and chemical characteristics of the carbon material obtained by the pyrolysis of rubber-technical products/ XIV International Correspondence scientific specialized conference «international scientific review of the technical sciences, mathematics and computer science» / Boston. USA. March 1112, 2020. P. 36-40.
2. Juraev Sh.T, Mukhiddinov B.F., Ibadullayev A.S., Kakharov B.B. Investigation of the technological properties of rubber compounds filled with carbon-containing material. // Mountain Herald of Uzbekistan.Navoi, 2020. № 1. P. 100-102.
3. Karimova L.A. Ways of recycling tires // problems and prospects for the development of the motor transport complex: materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with international participation-Magadan, SVGU, 2014. S. 241-243.
4. Babayevskiy P.G. Practical work on Polymer materials [Text] / ed. P.G. Babayevskiy. M. Chemistry, 1980. 256 p.
5. Juraev Sh.T., Ibodullaev A.S., Mukhiddinov B.F. Investigation of the Properties of Rubber Compositions Filled With Carbon Material // International Journal of Recent Advancement in Engineering & Research. Volume 04. Issue 04. April, 2018.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF POWER DEVICES BASED ON SINGLE
MODULE OF THE WAVE POWER PLANT 1 2 Kashin А.А. , Zhukov S.A. (Russian Federation)
Email: [email protected]
Kashin Alexandr Andreevich - Cadet, SPECIALTY: 26.05.06 "OPERATION OF SHIP POWER PLANTS»;
Zhukov Sergey Alekseevich - Associate Professor, DEPARTMENT OF POWER PLANTS AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT OF SHIPS, FEDERAL STATE BUDGETARY INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
KAMCHATKA STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, PETROPAVLOVSK-KAMCHATSKY
Abstract: nowadays, there are many alternative sources of electrical energy. One such device is a wave power plant (WPP), the features of the device and its operation is examined in this article. VES is a leader in obtaining the most beneficial electricity. VES is a leader in obtaining the most beneficial electricity. Kamchatka Krai has a single power supply system because of the features of the landscape. On the basis of renewable energy sources is planned to create an effective system for the electrification of the private sector. In most remote areas of Kamchatka, electricity is produced using diesel generators. DES are of poor quality source of electricity, and it is therefore proposed to replace them the power supply device on the basis of a single module of the wave power plant. Purchase and delivery offuel to remote areas of the Kamchatka territory is costly for the economy of the region, and the use ofpower devices based on single module of the wave power plant will reduce electricity costs to a minimum. The project implementation will allow to reduce the cost of providing electricity to remote areas of Kamchatka. VES is an inexhaustible source of electrical energy, does not require refueling. Among the competitors this type is distinguished by its autonomy and the lack of a permanent filling works, which also bear a large financial burden. All the above mentioned wind farm be a step above competing systems, received the status of the most common Autonomous system, which will significantly surpass the classic methods of generating electricity.
Keywords: wave power plant, high environmental impact, alternative energy.
