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12STUDING MEDICINAL PLANTS (PHYTONYMS) IN THE SECTION OF PHARMACEUTICAL TERMINOLOGY
Khafizova Mukharram Nematillaevna Asia International University, Bukhara Uzbekistan Email: [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10674760
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Received: 11th February 2024 Accepted: 16th February 2024 Published: 18th February 2024
KEYWORDS phytonyms, pharmaceutical terminology, botanical terms
This article will discuss the methods of easy study and teaching students of higher medical educational institutions the names of medicinal plants (phytonyms) in the discipline of Latin and medical terminology in the section of pharmaceutical terminology
Indeed, there is a special charm in our land of the highest mountains, green valleys, forests, rivers and lakes, and even deserts. Especially due to its location in a region where several biogeographic regions intersect, the plant world is characterized by its extremely colorful nature. Generous nature proportionates the whole being in life. All living creatures in it live, flourish, multiply and, if necessary, take ointments from each other, enjoy the sources of vital needs. From this it can be understood that every creature in nature, every plant has its own healing property.
There are more than 700 species of medicinal plants in Uzbekistan. These are used in scientific and folk medicine from about 120 plant species growing and cultured in natural conditions. Currently, about 40-47% of medicines used in medicine are obtained from plant raw materials. The study of medicinal plant names (phytonyms) in Latin according to the pharmaceutical nomenclature requires its healing properties. Another important aspect is that plant names are necessarily written in initials in Latin. Under the term phytonym (Greek phyton-plant +onym-name), the names of plants are understood.
Phytonyms are distinguished from other layers in the vocabulary by their direct connection with the history of socio-political, cultural development of the people, their interaction with customs and traditions. In the course of Latin and medical terminology, the study of botanical names is the assimilation of new linguistic materials with many lexical units, which can be ambiguous concepts, and students, as a rule, may not have an associative understanding of this topic. Phytonyms are a part of the language that has a long history. In addition to folk life, culture, history, socio-political views, they preserve the ancient traditions inherent in the language and language of the people who created them.
Plants can also be called differently in different oases of the same country, and the etymology of botanical names is always interesting and multifaceted. The task of Latin teachers is to create motivational conditions for students to consciously learn the names of plants in Latin. In the study of botanical terms, it is necessary to start with the introduction of words in Latin, since
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when the Latin term fully or partially corresponds to the corresponding word of the Uzbek language, students easily understand and remember the Uzbek equivalent. For example, "Aloe" is translated as "Aloe" in Latin, "aloy" in Russian, and "aloes"in
English, another example of this is "medicinal valerian", "medicinal speedwell", "medicinal calendula (marigold)", "medicinal borago", "kalankhoe", "mountain arnica" and other plants. It is easy to remember the names of this medicinal plant, since in many languages it is written in the same way.
When a student knows the basic 6 different color names in medical terms, he will quickly and easily remember the name of the plants associated with that color name from Latin to Uzbek. For example, depending on the color of some plant flowers: Bryonia alba- white bronia, Lamium album-white lamium, Viscum album-white mistletoe, Salix alba-white willow, Melilotus albus- melilot white (Latin albus-white), Centaurea cyanus- blue beetle (Greek cyano-blue), Crataegus sanguineus- red Hawthorn (sanguineus- blood color), Ribes nigrum-black currant, Populus nigra-black birch tree,(Latin niger-black) Aronia melanocarpa-black-fruited aronia (Greek melano-black, carpus-fruit), Polemonium coeruleum-blueberry (Latin coeruleus-blue), Nuphar lutea-yellow nufar (Latin luteus-yellow), Viola tricolor-tricolor violet (Latin tri-three, color-colour), Eucalyptus cinerea- grey eucalyptus (Latin cinereus-grey), Rhodiola rosea- Rhodiola pink, (Latin roseus-pink); the names of plants by their place of passage: Equisetum arvense- Equisetum field, Fragaria vesca- Wild strawberries, Oxycoccus palustris- Marsh cranberries, the names of countries: Atractylodes chinensis- atractilodes Chinese, Atractylodes japonica- Atractilodes Japanese, Berberis amurensis- Amur barberry, Bergenia pacifica- Bergenia Pacific, Dioscorea caucasica- Dioscorea of the Caucasus, Pinus koreansis- Korean pine, Patrinia sibirica- Patrinia Siberian; looking at the shape of the plants, for example: Achillea millefolium- Yarrow, (Latin mille-thousand, folium-leaf), Bergenia crassifolia- Bergenia thick - leaved, (Latin crassus-thick, folium-leaf), Betula platyphilla- flat-leaved birch, (Greek platy-plain, phillo-leaf), Chelidonium majus- Celandine large, (Latin major, majus-large), Leonurus cardiaca- Motherwort, (Latin cardiacus-cordial), Eucalyptus globulus- eucalyptus globules- (Latin globulus-spherical), Tilia cordata-Linden (lime-tree) heart-shaped (Latin cor, cordis-heart); plant names depending on the ingredients: Mentha piperita- Peppermint, (Latin piper-pepper); Artemisia absinthium-Wormwood bitter
(Latin absinthius-bitter); depending on the seasons, for example: Rosa majalis (Latin majalis-may date), Primula veris- Primula (Latin primus-first, ver-spring) and others can be exemplified. Through these analogies, the student can easily remember phytonyms. Good mastery of pharmaceutical terms is aimed at training professionals with universal knowledge, who can understand medical terms in their field well, which will help them think independently, critically and creatively, develop beliefs and motivate them to confidently enter into social relationships, regardless of the profession chosen by them.
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