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Section 4. History
Rahimov Sherzod Abduhalilovich, A researcher of the Institute of History of the Academy of sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan E-mail: gulchehra_3@mail.ru
STATE POLICY ON THE YOUTH IN UZBEKISTAN: NATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND REAL NECESSITY OF INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES
Abstract: In the article, reforms to establish a legal basis for youth policy, to increase younger generation's social, political, economic activity and their position in a society in the years of independence are researched with historical context.
Keywords: youth, politics, youth policy, youth rights and interests, youth activism, youth initiatives, talented youth, young cadres, youth problems, youth and religious extremism, youth education.
Shavkat Mirziyayev, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, signed the Decree on February 7, 2017, which is on 'Five priority direction of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021'. The fourth section of the Decree is called 'Priorities of Social Sector Development', and its 4.5 article is declared 'Improvement of the state youth policy'. In the article, followers are shown:
- raising the youth's social activity in the process of education of physically healthy, spiritually and mentally, independently thinking, loyal to Motherland, deepening of democratic reforms and formation of civil society;
- employment of graduates of secondary special, professional and higher education institutions in the private business sphere;
- supporting and realizing the creative and intellectual potential of the younger generation, shaping a healthy lifestyle among children and young people, engaging them in physical education and sport;
- social protection of the youth, creation of decent living and social conditions for young families;
- as the main functions in the sphere of the state youth policy such as making effective functioning of the state, local government, educational institutes, youth organisations and others are detected [1].
The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyayev noted the following as the most important aspects of the youth policy: "We are doing a great job of educating young people with independent thinking, who have modern knowledge and skills and have an independent position.
However, if we say with fairness that today, in the world, what is the most acute struggle for the consciousness of the population, first of all the young people, the growing threats such
as religious extremism, terrorism, drug addiction, and 'mass culture', our children's upbringing, not to slow down our work in the field of education, but to raise them to a new level [2].
Our state have paid special attention to youth issues since the first days of the independence. One of the first laws signed by Islam Karimov, the First President of our country, is the fact that it is young.
The Law 'On the Fundamentals of the State Youth Policy in the Republic of Uzbekistan', which was adopted on November 20, 1991, reflects the full rights and interests of the youth. The law also emphasizes the social protection of young people as well as the necessary foundation for the youth to find their place in society.
During the independence years, efforts to protect the interests of young people in Uzbekistan have developed in the following areas:
- using of many centuries-old experience and practice based on human values and national traditions in creating an independent state policy;
- prioritizing the problems of social protection in the field of youth protection, to support the process of integration of young people into a new democratic society;
- achieving the harmony of universal and national values in the development of youth policy issues, using of advanced ideas and norms that exist throughout the world experience.
The State Program 'The Year of Youth' adopted in 2008, the Decree of the first President of the Republic of Uzbekistan 'On Additional Measures to Implement the State Youth Policy in the Republic of Uzbekistan', on February 6, 2014, have further enhanced the youth policy in Uzbekistan.
The law 'On State Youth Policy', which entered into force on 15 September, 2016, incorporated the basic provisions of
Section 4. History
the youth policy. The law further improved the legal framework of organizational and legal mechanisms for formulating and implementing such a policy.
Taking into account the world requirements, the Act sets out the priorities of youth policy. These include the social, economic, political, and other rights and interests of young people. On this basis, young people will be provided with open and quality education. It promotes physical, intellectual and ethical development of the younger generation.
One of the considerable points in the law is the essence of the basic concepts in this area. For instance, the terms such as 'young state policy', 'youth (young citizens)', 'young family', 'young specialist' are interpreted.
In particular, young people (young citizens) refer to people aged 14 and older than 30 years. A young family is a family of parents or mothers who are caring for a 30-year-old couple or a child, including a single widow.
With the current rate of growth, the population of Uzbekistan will reach 48 million by 2040, almost twice as much as today. By the end of the 21st century, this number will reach one hundred million. As a result of such an increase in the population as a large part of the population, it requires the development of urgent measures in this regard. Young people are in need of government policies to meet their own needs while using the rights set out in the constitution of the state, and the state, in turn, is interested in implementing the goals of the youth community for socio-economic development, and creates the basis for the development of the Youth Concept.
The issue of youth is always reflected in all strategies for ensuring long-term development of the countries. The Strategy for Action in the five priorities of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period 2017-2021 was not exception one. It separately focuses on improving the state's youth policy. It covers a number of priority tasks aimed at improving the effectiveness of public policy towards young people, representing 10 million citizens of Uzbekistan or about 31% of the country's population.
According to those, the need for the establishment of the Youth Union of Uzbekistan (June 30, 2017) is determined by the life of the organization, which requires the organization to address the most pressing issues in youth life, support, employment and employment, and encouragement of their initiatives.
It is also symbolic that the day of the Youth Union of Uzbekistan - June 30, proclaimed as the Youth Day. This is due to the fact that the Alliance will become a professional body under the slogan "Youth - a future builder", which will ensure effective functioning of state youth policy with government agencies, non-government non-profit organizations and other civil society institutions.
This is proven by the fact that the head of the Uzbek government has set up the Youth Policy Office in the Office of the
President of Uzbekistan. The service is run by the President's Youth Policy Advisor - the Chairman of the Central Council of the Youth Union of Uzbekistan. This means that the problem of youth is always in the focus of the president's attention.
It should be noted that, without the necessary material resources, it is impossible to expect any result from the work of the organization. In this regard, the Youth Development Fund of Uzbekistan will hold 8% of the unified tax payment for small businesses.
The Youth Union of Uzbekistan is also taking steps to establish partnerships with international youth organizations and similar organizations in foreign countries that will enable them to explore the best practices in working with young people. For this purpose, representatives of the Youth Union visited China in August, 2017 and Kazakhstan in September. In the near future such visits are planned for Russia, the Republic of Korea, Germany and other countries.
It should be noted that a number of concrete measures are being taken to stimulate the activation of youth in sociopolitical life of the country.
Alisher Sa'dullaev, 22, graduate of the Singapore Institute of Management Development in Tashkent, has been appointed Deputy Minister of Public Education, Olimjon Tuy-chiyev, 25, a graduate of the Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent, and the Deputy Director General of Science and Technology Agency.
The Youth Initiative in Uzbekistan, which organized in 2017, called the 'Social Elevator' for the youth as well as the Institute for Advanced Personnel Training at the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan. It is possible to say that the Institution has the right to formulate a perspective young staff database in public authorities, public organizations, monitor their professional development system, prepare proposals on promoting these positions to managerial positions, as well as provide public authorities, organization of training courses on retraining and advanced training of young promising cadres of public organizations.
The aforesaid, it is important to emphasize the direction in Uzbekistan of strengthening the role of youth in social and political life. In this regard, special attention is given to full support of youth initiatives by state and youth organizations. It is worth noting that young people play a special role in the development of Uzbekistan.
The adoption of the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan 'On increasing the effectiveness of the state youth policy and supporting the activities of the Youth Union of Uzbekistan' on July 6, 2017 serves as an important political basis for raising the youth policy in the country to a new level.
At present, Uzbekistan has been implementing a number of initiatives to protect the rights and interests ofyoung people
around the world. In his speech at the 72nd session of the UN General Assembly, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan proposed to work out the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, calling for the elimination of the fundamental causes of terrorism. President Shavkat Mirziyayev noted that the majority of crimes related to extremism and violence were committed by young people under the age of 30. 'The Universal Declaration of the Rights of the Child, which is aimed at the formation and implementation of youth policy in the conditions of rapidly developing globalization and information and communication technologies, convention.' The essence and importance of this initiative is that today's youth are the largest generation in human history, with a population of 2 billion [3].
President Shavkat Mirziyayev's says: 'The future of our planet depends on the well-being of our children. Our main task is to create the necessary conditions for young people to demonstrate their potential and to prevent the spread of the 'virus' of the idea of violence'. The international community welcomed his speech.
At the international conference on 'Central Asia: Common history and common future, sustainable development and progress', held in Samarkand under patronal of the UN on Novem-
ber 10-11, 2017, the President said: 'Central Asia is one of the youngest provinces where about 60 percent of the population is young and is much higher than the world average.'
For this purpose, Uzbekistan initiated the 72nd session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York to adopt a special resolution on the development of the International Convention on the Rights of the Child and its 'Education and Religious Tolerance'.
All of these initiatives supported by all Central Asian countries, those can be seen as a vivid expression of our willingness to prevent the spread of radical ideas among young people, the social rehabilitation of those who have strayed from the right path, and their willingness to return to a healthy life.
'Our experience shows that, first of all, teaching young people to knowledge, providing them with the human values of the Islamic religion and the values of Islamic culture are the most effective tools to combat extremism' [4].
In the conclusion, the strategy for youth policy is to develop and introduce a variety of projects that embody the diverse interests of young people, and tactics - mobilizing all public-political apparatuses in the implementation of youth policy. In turn, this creates systematic, initiative, continuous and targeted self-actualization for young people.
References:
1. Узбекистан Республикаси к,онун хужжатлари туплами. 2017. 6-сон, 70-модда.
2. Мирзиёев Ш. Буюк келажагимизни мард ва олижаноб халкимиз билан бирга курамиз.— Тошкент: "Узбекистан" 2017.— 17 б.
3. URL: http://uza.uz/oz/politics/zbekiston-prezidenti-shavkat-mirziyeev-bmt-bosh-assambleyasi-20—09—2017
4. URL: http://www. uza.uz. Узбекистан Республикаси Президенти Шавкат Мирзиёевнинг Самарканд шахрида утган «Марказий Осиё: ягона тарих ва умумий келажак, баркарор ривожланиш ва тараккиёт йулидаги хамкорлик" мавзусидаги халк,аро анжуманда сузлаган нутки.
