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SPECIFIC PROBLEMS IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSLATING ENGLISH WORDS INTO UZBEK LANGUAGE
Nargiza Abduraxmanovna Khurramova
Teacher of the Department of Interfaculty Foreign Languages of Termez State
University [email protected]
This article explores the challenges encountered when translating English words into Uzbek, focusing on lexical, cultural, semantic, and structural issues. It identifies key problems such as the absence of direct equivalents, cultural nuances, semantic shifts, structural differences, and the influence of Anglicisms. The study employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including an analysis of translated texts and feedback from translators, to highlight the difficulties and strategies employed to overcome them. The findings provide insight into the complexities of translation and suggest best practices for achieving more accurate and culturally relevant outcomes.
Keywords: Translation challenges, English to Uzbek, lexical gaps, cultural context, semantic shifts, structural differences, Anglicisms, neologisms, translation strategies, linguistic differences.
INTRODUCTION
The translation of English into Uzbek poses numerous challenges due to the structural, cultural, and lexical differences between the two languages. English, a Germanic language with significant borrowings from Latin and French, contrasts sharply with Uzbek, a Turkic language influenced by Russian, Persian, Arabic, and other regional languages. This article aims to highlight the key difficulties faced during the translation process and to provide strategies for translators to mitigate these challenges.
Problems Identified. The following issues are commonly encountered in the process of translating English words into Uzbek:
1 Lexical Gaps. One of the most prominent problems is the absence of direct equivalents in Uzbek for certain English words. These
ABSTRACT
lexical gaps are particularly evident in areas such as
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Academic Research in Educational Sciences ISSN: 2181-1385 Volume 5 | Issue 12 | 2024
technology, science, and modern business terminology. For instance, while English has precise terms like streaming, cloud computing, and big data, Uzbek may require longer descriptions or neologisms to convey these concepts, impacting translation accuracy and efficiency.
2 Cultural Nuances and Context. Cultural context plays a crucial role in translation. Certain English words or phrases carry meanings that are deeply tied to cultural and historical contexts, which may not be present in Uzbek. For example, idiomatic expressions or slang terms in English can be challenging to translate without losing their original meaning or impact. A phrase like break a leg or hit the nail on the head would require adaptation to an equivalent Uzbek idiom or a descriptive translation to preserve the intended message.
3 Semantic Shifts. English words often have multiple meanings depending on their use in a sentence. These semantic shifts can complicate translation, especially when the context is not fully grasped. For instance, the word bank can refer to a financial institution or the side of a river. In such cases, translators must have a strong grasp of both languages' meanings and usage to select the most accurate equivalent in Uzbek.
4 Structural Differences. The syntactic structure of English is notably different from that of Uzbek. English tends to follow a Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) word order, while Uzbek commonly employs a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) structure. This structural divergence can lead to awkward or unclear translations if not adjusted appropriately. For example, in a sentence like I have to finish my homework today, the direct translation to Uzbek would need to reorganize the sentence for naturalness and clarity.
5 Borrowings and Anglicisms. The widespread use of English in global communication has led to the emergence of Anglicisms in many languages, including Uzbek. However, the integration of English borrowings can be problematic when it comes to standardization and usage. Words like manager, internet, and selfie may be used in their English form without modification, but this can create issues with comprehension and language purity.
Methodology. To better understand the specific challenges in translating English into Uzbek, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was employed. This study analyzed a sample of translated texts across various fields, including technology, literature, and business. Translators' feedback was collected through interviews and
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surveys to capture their perspectives on the most common difficulties and strategies they employ.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The study found that translators frequently encounter lexical gaps, especially in specialized fields such as technology and medicine. They rely on neologisms or borrowings, which can sometimes result in a loss of nuance or clarity. The cultural context of English phrases posed significant challenges, leading to adaptations that may or may not resonate with the Uzbek-speaking audience. Semantic shifts were often addressed through careful analysis of the surrounding text to ensure accurate word choice. Lastly, the structural differences required substantial revisions to maintain natural readability in Uzbek.
CONCLUSION
Translating English words into Uzbek involves unique challenges that stem from linguistic, cultural, and structural differences. Recognizing these challenges and applying strategies such as contextual analysis, collaboration, and adaptation can improve the quality of translation. Addressing these issues contributes to more accurate, meaningful, and culturally relevant communication between the two languages.
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