CC BY
18
https://doi.org/10.29013/ESR-21-3.4-20-24
Haydarova Nigora, Lecturer at the National Institute of Art and Design named after Kamoliddin Behzod
Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: nigora.hayo.86@mail.ru
SPECIAL EFFECTS IN MODERN UZBEK ANIMATED FILMS
Abstract. This article analyzes the use of special effects in the modern process of Uzbek animation - mechanical and visual effects, as well as changes in the image of the film under their influence. The mastery of modern Uzbek animation masters is also revealed.
Keywords: animation, special effect, 2D - 3D animated films, color, image, texture, graphics, visual, artist, animator.
Today, the desire and interest in creating films rich in computer animations is growing, and animators, animators are faced with serious requirements and complex tasks. The main thing is that in animation it is possible to create impossible actions and effects. For the modern animation screen, special effects are used to create images, images, events and happenings, various movements. It is also possible to fly, change shape and recreate in its magical world. The results of this are also noticeable in the animated films created in our country.
As a result of the work carried out in Uzbekistan to develop the industry, animated films in 2D and 3D technologies are being created using special effects. Based on the achievements of Uzbek animation over the past period, over the past decade, Uzbek animation has begun to create films using modern technologies, in particular, special effects in computer graphics.
E. Popov, a researcher, writes about the application of modern technologies in the art of animation, "a modern animated work as a wonderful symbiosis represents all possible types ofart and technological innovations. These high concentrations are artistic images and scientific achievements that have a high impact on the spirit ofthe audience as a stream that penetrates deep into the mind through various ideas" [2, 3]. For the modern animation screen, special effects are used
to create images, images, events and happenings, various movements. For example, various cataclysms in nature (sudden changes in nature, social life, upheavals, catastrophes, catastrophes), fantastic fantasy characters, fictional events, happenings and actions - says M. Stepanova [3, 5]. Also, computer animation and special effects for animators in the creation of animated films, the pursuit ofthe ability to use new modern technical means will further develop the industry.
According to Belgian director R. Serve, the stylistic possibilities of computer animation are still very limited and it will not replace the traditional forms of animated films, but will evolve with them. Animation is a form of visual thinking in which the artist's work is inextricably linked to his or her professional technical knowledge [1, 149].
The development of world animation, the ongoing creative and technical processes have also affected the art of Uzbek animation. A clear example of this is the mastery of modern technical means for the art of animation by the creators of our country. This is a peculiar evolutionary process.
Taking into account the achievements of Uzbek animation over the past period, in the next ten years, Uzbek animated films will move to the creation of films using modern technologies, in particular, special computer effects. Focusing on the importance of
special effects in computer animation, the researcher S. Soltani writes that at the initial stage, special effects of the computer were a novelty that was surprising to the audience, attracting attention and benefiting filmmakers [4, 12]. Against this background, the special effects of the computer are, on the one hand, a tool for enjoyment and, on the other hand, an integral part of the formation of a new type of human thinking. In this sense, special effects have become an integral part of modern cinema. A number of animated films with special effects are being created by existing animation studios in our country. In particular, the fact that private studios are creating films rich in special effects and the growing demand for it is developing healthy competition among existing studios. As a result, the number of animated films rich in special effects is growing. Examples are "The Cat with the Light" (2), "Zoroaster" (2005), "The Fat Lover" (2009), "The Brave Chef" (2018), "The Adventures ofAqltoy" (2014), "Rustam" in 3D animation. and Said " (2015) and" Kenja Botir " (2017).
Among these films, the animated film "Dovyurak oshpaz" (2018) by director N. Tulahodjayev uses a special effect to increase the sensitivity of the characters. The first appearance of this in the work is reflected in the film's exposition, in the effect of "steam" coming out of a boiling kettle in the kitchen - "fire" burning underneath.
The use of effects in the plot of the film is expressed in accordance with the style of the work. Through these effects, the film's director, artist and editor tried to convey the plot dynamics of the work more clearly and understandably. The film is interpreted in a rich and interesting way in the fairy tale genre. The protagonist of the picture, the Traveler, remains able to understand the language of animals due to a mysterious event. As a result, they come into contact with animals such as mice, sparrows, cats, ants, turtles, which appear in the allegorical image.
The film is about moral qualities such as kindness, mutual assistance, love, honesty. In the character, movement and dialogues of the protagonists of
the work, the actor is impressively expressed through the rhythm of the voice, special effects and music. Among these tools, special effects are of particular importance and serve to increase the sensitivity in the expression of plot events. As S. Soltani writes in his research, special effects are technical tools used in cinema that serve to create images that are not present in reality on stage and can create the illusion of reality in the viewer. For example, various natural disasters, fantasy characters, random non-existent events, happenings and actions [4, 5].
In the film "Brave Chef", the movement of the characters is solved in a plastic image through the skill of the artist-animator. This aspect is especially reflected in the character, behavior, facial expressions, emotions and intonation of the protagonists. In the film exposition, the event that takes place in the royal palace serves as a knot in the work, which is resolved in the development of the dynamics of the protagonists. The image of the space (background) in the film scenes changes in the course of the plot of the work. The space in the royal palace is very bright by the artist A. Gvardin: it is mainly painted in light green, yellow and other colors. This can quickly attract the attention of the audience on the one hand, and on the other hand can have a negative impact on the psychology of the young audience.
In the space of the traveler's cooking scene for the king, the texture on the wall, the kettle boiling on the fire, the surrounding jug, the sand, the pot, the color and shade of the vegetables in the bag are in place. In this environment, the background is reflected in a separate plan, combined with the image of the characters and details in the foreground. Smoke coming out of a boiling pot, a special effect present in the computer functions was used in the footage to cook the Passenger fish and then. That is, the Traveler's sense of taste and sneezing is represented by faint barcode lines like tiny star-shaped lightning bolts. This effect is used in the next scene, i.e. the king is also in the fish tasting scene. The next plot takes place in a natural landscape, and the effect of"fire" in the burning frame ofthe ant's
nest is interpreted differently from the level of the image in the background. That is, although the image and fire in the background are close in color, but far from the style of interpretation.
The filmmakers use special effects in some scenes, such as "smoke" in the scene of the spill, "waves" in the scene of the ring's fall, "lightning", "rain", "cloud" in the form of fine lines and interpretation. It is noteworthy that it is skillfully expressed. In the film, special effects and music are expressed as an additional means of expressing the movement, character and mood of the characters. In the course of events, heroes with true human qualities achieve their goals, and those who are greedy and selfish are punished. In this animated film, the creators used special effects, which differed from the previous works, such as "Farkhod and Shirin", "The Epic of the Flying Vulture", "Sword Brave". The special effects used in graphic computer animation are expressed through the skill of the animator and editor, depending on the capabilities of the computer program. While in the traditional animation of the past, creators faced a number of difficulties in creating special effects, today such tools are easily solved using a computer.
The ability to use ready-made effects available in computer programs shows a high level in 3D animation compared to 2D animation. This includes the film "The Adventures of Akltoy" (2014), created in 3D technology by a private studio "Cinema Service". The film is based on the project of Dilshod Dust-mukhamedov and the scripts of M. Ibrokhimova, Z. Yuldasheva, E. Shoyimkulov.
The film is dedicated to the study of the names of the main characters in English in the "Country of Tilbilistan" by sisters Akila and Olimtoy. The film also shows that today children lose interest in books and spend most oftheir time playing computer games. The plot and environment interpreted in the film frames are depicted in a modern way. Although the characters are modeled in 3D graphics, but these two characters are depicted in a very close-knit image. It is observed that the characteristic points in their appearance have not
been fully resolved. For example, the structure of the eyes, eyebrows, nose, mouth, hair and body ofAkila and Olimtoy are the same in shape. They are distinguished only by their dress and character. But the scenes are well constructed in terms of composition, and the plot twists are interpreted richly with strong dynamics. In the course ofevents, the scene ofthe protagonists moving from one room to another is associated with a visual effect. The application ofa high-level effect in the scene of the penetration of objects, objects and characters into the book further enlivened the frame.
Created in computer graphics, this work is expressed in the dynamics that quickly attract the attention ofyoung viewers. The depiction oflight and shadows in the scenes of the film "The Land of Tilbilistan", the mood of the characters is interpreted in proportion to the atmosphere of the frame. The frame scenes are rich in bright colors and the vibrancy is achieved by the fact that the colors depicted in the plot do not repeat each other. Further creation of films in this direction will encourage the young generation to be educated in the national character and to learn a foreign language from the very beginning. This film is the next work of the studio's experimental film created in 3D technology, which will be changed and updated in all respects.
In recent years, special effects have become more widely used in films created in 3D technology. A good example of this is the animated film "Rustam and Said" (2015) by the private studio "Tomato In-tertaiment". The events of the work are a topical issue for the whole period, and educational aspects such as respect for the elders and morality of young people are covered. The film depicts the friendship of schoolchildren Rustam and Said and their moral flaws through the actions of the protagonists. Created in 3D technology, the characters of this film are solved in a unique character and dynamics. The first shots of the film are expressed in a unique way, that is, in the background 2D on the stage, and the characters are expressed in 3D, and the character and behavior of the characters are visible from the first scenes. Scenes depicting the heroes' destructive
actions, such as throwing an object from above to frighten a female passenger and cutting flowers from an old gardener's tree, are interpreted as the introductory part of the film. The small details of the work are carefully crafted by the filmmaker, and the image of the characters is based on a prototype.
Special effects (fire, smoke) served as an auxiliary tool in expressing the movement of the protagonists, increasing the effectiveness of the plot. Unlike other films created in 3D technology, the filmmakers felt the unique texture and texture of every detail on stage. For example, the unique shape, color, and movement of tree branches and leaves have found a natural solution. Also, small details such as the softness and shape of the grass, the transparency of the drinking vessel, the line and movement of the hair and eyebrow fibers of the heroes are also expressed in accordance with the frame space. Although animation was skillfully used in the creation of the protagonists 'movement, it seems that in addition to the above-mentioned texture and texture, the features of the object were not taken into account in the expression ofthe characters' costumes. In the costumes of the protagonists, the originality of the material, its flexibility, the folds are not depicted in accordance with the texture of the background.
As the events unfold, a special effect is applied to the scene where Rustam and Said pass from the space on the bus to a scary, lonely environment. Such effects are also significant in that they serve to integrate the two spaces with each other. In particular, the lonely atmosphere in the frame is reflected in the light of a lamp flashing in the dark, the fire burning around, the shadows and light in the objects. In expressing the space typical of the plot of the work, the artist created an environmentally friendly image through contrasting colors. The dark space is represented by cool colors like dark blue, brown, black, and the light space is represented by bright colors such as light green, yellow, red, and blue. However, the level of light is also determined by the shadows of the heroes.
In depicting the development of the protagonist's movement in the next frame, the creators expressed
a special effect: radiating like lightning in the form of a sphere and looking like smoke. This effect represents the culmination of the plot line and makes a turn to the events of the film. Also, a similar-looking effect served to return the protagonists to a real-life space. While facial expressions and emotion in the character of the characters do not give the expected result, these aspects are complemented by action. But because the facial structure of the characters is expressed in almost the same form, the images have lost their diversity. Such forms are also repeated in the scenes between the frames. For example, the characters of a girl, an old man and an old woman on a bus appear in the next frame in the same form as the characters standing at a station. These aspects can also be seen in the image of bullying children.
In this film, special effects are highly expressed by the skill of animators. The level of use of special effects in a modern animated film can be observed not only in a drawing computer or three-dimensional animation, but also in a combination, that is, in a film created using both 2D and 3D technologies in one work. The special effects created in the two technologies differ in aspects such as material, image, color. This can be clarified by analyzing the animated film "Boynak" (2015) by a talented young director-artist, animator J. Turdikhodjaev. The film is aimed at audiences of all ages, about the arrival ofa puppy named Boyonak in a new family and the protection of pets from various disasters, using a special effect from the very first frames of the film.
The scenes of the film are bright: depicted in blue, light green, and ocher, and Collar Chickens struggles to protect itself from hawks. In this process, a special effect was used to increase the sensitivity of the movement at the scene of the puppy jumping and attacking the hawk. That is, in the scene of the necklace running with high-speed power, a light, dark blue, green, and yellow light-emitting effect is applied in a curved line around the protagonist in the background. These plots are created in a 3D way, and in the next frame, the events that take place in the imagination of the protagonists are expressed in an
interesting way with a 2D method. The necklace is interpreted in the drawing (two-dimensional) image to be his companion and protector in any situation with the little master. At the same time, in this scene, the growth of the Boy is reflected in the development of the frame. In the course of events, in the frame after the drawing, a special effect was applied to the detail of the sun shining and the leaves of the tree flying in all directions, creating a scene-specific atmosphere on the stage. In this process, there are shortcomings in the expression of the movement of the characters.
In this computer-generated scene, small elements ofa special effect were used in the plot of the sun shining, lightning, rain, change of weather and snowfall, cold: rain was expressed through lines, snow dots. The representation of the plot in this scene has an image typical of the level of the young audience. Character dynamics scenes in 3D have a more plastic image than scenes created in 2D. But that doesn't mean the film's animation is done at a high level. At the same time, it seems that the characters are not based on the principle of exaggeration in the expression ofbehavior, facial expressions and emotions. Because in a 3D animated film, not a multiplier, on the contrary, actions are created by many animators. In this way, animators take a technical approach rather than an artistic image in expressing an image or action. As a result, the original character of the animated image is not revealed and is limited to moving as an artificial puppet.
In a modern animated film, special effects help with the script and plot, but don't create it. Special ef-
fects are the artist's unique palette. Because in creating such effects it goes directly to the palette. With computer technology having such capabilities, the artist creates some convenience for the animator. Also, "computer technology allows the viewer to enter the abstract world, to experience a new virtual reality, and not only has the effect of attracting their attention, but also changes thinking, enriches the imagination and creativity" [3, 5]. The plot of the film, created on combinatorial technology, is mainly created in 3D by a group of animators, while the scenes of the hero's thoughts, imagination and dreams, created in 2D, are composed in a unique way in the style of film director-artist J. Turdikhodjaev. Scenes created in such a colorful way attract the viewer and show interesting images in a series of shots.
There is a growing interest in the use of computer effects in our national films. However, despite the fact that on the basis of modern programs created 2D and 3D films of animation studios "Cinema Service", "Futurist", "Pomidor Intertaiment", "Astir" and the first full-length film created by SUE "Cartoon Studio", these films still fully meet modern requirements. it cannot be said that he can give. This is due to the lack of experienced, specialized staff, which has a negative impact on the full development of the industry. It is difficult to develop any field, whether it is scientific or creative, without qualified personnel. In modern animated films, computer graphics are the most pressing problem, with expert shots that can create works rich in powerful, special effects.
References:
1. Asenin S. Mudrost vymysla. Mastera multiplikatsii o sebe i svoem iskusstve.- Moscow: Art, 1983.- 207 p.
2. Popov E. A. Animation production: typology and evolution of imagery. Author's abstract ofthe dissertation for the degree of Candidate ofArts.- Moscow: VGIK. 2011.- 32 p.
3. Stepanova M. A. Computer special effects on the material of the Hollywood cinema of the last decade of the XX century. Author's abstract of the dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Arts.- Moscow: VGIK. 2005.- 20 p.
4. Soltani S. X. Traditsii natsionalnoy kultury i sovremennbie kompyuternye teknologii v animatsionnom iskusstve. Author's abstract of the dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Arts.- Moscow: VGIK. 2003.- 20 c.
