CC BY
4
UDC 54
Myradova A.A.,
TT and II post-graduate, Institute of Telecommunications and Informatics of Turkmenistan.
Scientific supervisor: Jumayev B.R.,
a senior teacher and Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Turkmen State Institute of Architecture and Construction.
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
SOLAR CELLS BASED ON POROUS SILICON Annotation
The existence of an optimal thickness has been shown theoretically and experimentally porous layer of a solar cell with anti-reflection purpose. Theory takes into account the joint mechanisms of generation and recombination of electrons and holes, formed by the influence of photons.
Keywords: cells, theory, generation, solar, silicon.
Мырадова А.А.,
TT и II аспирант,
Институт телекоммуникаций и информатики Туркменистана.
Научный руководитель: Джумаев Б.Р.,
старший преподаватель Кандидат физико-математических наук Туркменский государственный архитектурно-строительный институт.
Ашхабад, Туркменистан.
СОЛНЕЧНЫЕ ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ НА ОСНОВЕ ПОРИСТОГО КРЕМНИЯ
Аннотация
Теоретически и экспериментально было показано существование оптимальной толщины пористого слоя солнечного элемента антиотражающего назначения. Теория учитывает совместные механизмы генерации и рекомбинации электронов и дырок, образующихся под воздействием фотонов.
Ключевые слова: элементы, теория, генерация, солнечная энергия, кремний.
The existence of an optimal thickness has been shown theoretically and experimentally porous layer of a solar cell with anti-reflection purpose. Theory takes into account the joint mechanisms of generation and recombination of electrons and holes, formed by the influence of photons. Nanostructured thin porous silicon (PSi) layer acting as anti-reflecting coating is used in photovoltaic solar cells due to its advantages including simple and low cost fabrication, highly textured surfaces enabling lowering of reflectance, controllability of thickness and porosity of layer, and high surface area. Crystalline silicon cells are made of silicon atoms connected to one another to form a crystal lattice. This lattice provides an organized structure that makes conversion of light into electricity more efficient. The electronic grade Si is generally 99.99% pure. The Si used in the manufacturing of solar cells and solar components has to be even more pure. A purity of 99.9999999% is required by the most advanced solar cells. This is often referred to as "9N" for "9 nines", a process which requires repeated refining. Silicon or other semiconductor materials used for solar cells can be single crystalline, multicrystalline,
polycrystalline or amorphous. Silicon is non-toxic. Crystalline silicon is a stable material. Silicon has a band gap of 1.1eV, which is not far from the optimal value of 1.34eV for generating power from sunlight. There are other semiconductors with ideal band gaps such as CdTe - 1.49eV but they are more expensive to produce. Three stable isotopes of silicon are known: silicon-28, which makes up 92.21 percent of the element in nature; silicon-29, 4.70 percent; and silicon-30, 3.09 percent. Five radioactive isotopes are known. Elemental silicon and most silicon-containing compounds appear to be nontoxic. Monocrystalline silicon solar cells are the most popular and oldest technology made from pure silicon on thin wafers of silicon. Monocrystalline silicon is made up of ordered crystal structures, with each atom ideally in its predetermined position. Porous silicon (PSi) is a promising biomaterial for a wide range of biomedical applications, including drug delivery, cell culture, and tissue engineering applications. This is due to the material possessing a tuneable porous structure that can be fabricated with relative ease and in reasonably large quantities. The most common methods of obtaining porous silicon are stain etching, electrochemical etching, metal-assisted electrochemical etching, and metal-assisted chemical etching. Silicon is the name of the element in all of it's forms. Polysilicon is a specific form that is poly-crystaline, as opposed to amorphous or a single crystal.
The traditional method for producing porous silicon is electrochemical etching of single-crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers in an ethanol solution of hydrofluoric acid HF. At a positive potential on the silicon electrode, multistage reactions of dissolution and reduction of silicon occur. The second electrode is usually a platinum plate. With a suitable choice of electric current density, a porous layer is formed on the c-Si surface. It has been established that the thickness of the porous silicon film depends almost linearly on the etching time and can vary from fractions to hundreds of micrometers. The structure of the porous layer is determined by the current density, HF concentration in the electrolyte, and the nature of doping of the silicon substrate. In porous silicon, the order of arrangement of atoms inherited from the substrate is basically preserved. Immediately after production, the surface of the silicon skeleton of porous silicon samples is covered with hydrogen adsorbed in various forms. The existence of an optimal thickness has been shown theoretically and experimentally porous layer of a solar cell with anti-reflection purpose.
References:
1. Feng Z.C., Tsu R., ed. (1994). Porous Silicon. Singapore: World Scientific. ISBN 981-02-1634-3.
2. "Solar Photovoltaic Technologies". Дата обращения: 7 февраля 2012. Архивировано из оригинала 26 мая 2012 года.
3. David Szondy. Stanford researchers develop self-cooling solar cells. (англ.). gizmag.com (25 июля 2014). Дата обращения: 6 июня 2016.
3. Нечаев М.С., Паращук Д.Ю. Квантово-химическое исследование новых редокс-медиаторов на основе комплексов меди и кобальта для фото-электрохимических солнечных батарей // Вестник Московского университета. (Серия 3). - 2012. - № 6. - С. 67-70.
© Myradova A.A., 2023
