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RAW MATERIALS OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY IN THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN PROVIDING
Babayeva Z. R.
Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University, Azerbaijan, Baku E-mail: [email protected]
The article provided about agricultural products, which are the main raw material base of the food industry. One of the main features of the food industry and processing enterprises is related to the development of agriculture. The main goal was to examine the issues of providing agricultural raw materials in the regions. Then certain conclusions were reached and suggestions were made. Since the natural conditions of the republic have wide opportunities for the development of agricultural fields in the regions, the development prospects of the field are great. In the article, based on the official data of the State Statistics Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the production indicators of industrially processed food products for certain years were analyzed. Information was provided on the importance of agricultural enterprises and business entities in the provision of agricultural raw materials, their role and importance in the development of the field. Ключевые слова: food industry, agriculture, plant growing, cattle-breeding, production.
INTRODUCTION
In many countries of the world, one of the main issues in the field of food supply is to meet the domestic demand based on local products. One of the main tasks of sustainable development defined by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is to provide people with safe, high quality food products for healthy and active lives [1]. In order to overcome the deficiencies in the agricultural statistics systems of many developing countries, the "Global Strategy" for the improvement of agriculture and rural statistics was developed. "Global Strategy" has developed information for national and international systems that enable the application of basic information needed in the 21st century in developing countries. The first phase covered the 2012-2018 years. Starting from 2021, the second phase of the Global Strategy (GSARS 2020-2025) is focused on the application and use of existing methodologies and approaches developed within the framework of the first phase. The main goal will be to continue the work aimed at strengthening the statistical potential of the countries of the world by providing training and technical assistance at the regional and global level.
Factors considered include:
- assistance in the implementation of strategic plans for agricultural statistics;
- provision of training and scholarships on agricultural statistics;
- technical assistance and training on tools and methodologies for data collection, analysis and distribution [2].
The field of agriculture has undergone a great development beginning from production activity and processes of privatization of land ownership to modern times. Agriculture, which historically started with gathering and hunting, has advanced significantly using modern technology and scientific and technical progress. In recent years, competitive production and competitive product production have become one of the important issues in order to achieve sustainable development of the economy. In order to
achieve competitive production, the level of development of the food industry and agriculture should also be increased. Of course, there are factors to consider, such as climate change. It affects productivity in the field of agriculture and supply of raw materials to food industry enterprises.
In modern times, the food industry has an exceptional role in the economic development of every country. Processing and production processes of finished raw materials are carried out in food industry enterprises. It is an economically profitable sector as it produces daily demanded products. Provision of raw materials, establishment of enterprises according to modern standards, production of competitive, high-quality products, production of export grade products are among the main priority issues in the direction of the development of the food industry. Food industry enterprises ensure efficient use of agricultural raw materials and prevention of raw material loss. Azerbaijan's food industry covers the fields of flour and flour products, fruit and vegetable preserves, fruit and berry juices, winemaking, butter, vegetable oils, mineral and carbonated waters, tea, salt, meat and dairy products, fish and fish products processing.
Agriculture plays an important role in the economy of the countries of the world, in the context of income, food security, foreign trade, employment, and is important for both developed and developing countries. Most of the world's population lives in rural areas and provides their daily needs mainly through agriculture. Agriculture has strategic importance for all countries. In addition, it has an important role in the development of rural areas of many developing countries and underdeveloped countries and it is important as the most important sector in their economy [3].
In developing countries, the demand for food products is also increasing in parallel with the increase in the income of the population. Population growth also increases the demand for food products. In this regard, high demand increases the importance of agricultural production. Therefore, one of the most important problems in developing countries is the lack of supply of food products against the background of increasing demand. A unit investment provides more output in agriculture than in industry. It is possible to increase production several times by improving irrigation facilities in the agricultural area, using seeds, fertilizers, and equipment [4].
MATERIAL AND METHOD
The study of food industry and agriculture in the Republic of Azerbaijan has been in the attention of research scientists. In this direction in our republic, Nadirov A.A. [5], Hajizadeh A.M. [6], Hasanov T.G. [7], Gurbanzadeh A.A. [8], Zeynalli AT. [9], Aliyev K.G. [10] and other scientists have conducted research in this field. Systematic approach, comparative analysis, statistical, mathematical, historical-geographical analysis methods were used for the scientific analysis of the subject.
ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
The agricultural sector is the most important sector of the economy in the early stages of the development process in developing countries. The agricultural sector is important for every country. The development of agriculture is not only important for economic
progress of developing countries, but also important in the preservation of the economic independence of developed countries. The supply chain in the food industry covers all processes from the purchase of agricultural raw materials to their transformation into quality products and the delivery of products to the final consumer. This process begins with the production of agricultural products. The food industry proceeds with the purchase of agricultural raw materials from suppliers, processing and transportation of products to sales and distribution points. The food supply link ends with the purchase and consumption of food products by consumers [11].
The main task of the food industry is to process agricultural raw materials and transfer them into high-quality, healthy food and beverage products. The most important step in this process is production. Starting from production and ending with the consumer, there are many jobs in the process, from sourcing healthy raw materials to energy consumption, from resource use to waste management, from packaging to distribution points. The food chain is based on the principle of "farm to table"; includes different groups including farmers, suppliers, transport, producers and consumers [12].
World experience shows that increasing the efficiency of agricultural producers depends not only on cooperation based on the principles of internal division of labor in farms, but also on inter-sectoral cooperation and integration of storage, processing and sale of products. In this regard, in our country, especially in its regions, the development of internal economic corporations of farms specializing in the production of agricultural and livestock products, their cooperation with large processing enterprises is the main way to produce high quality products in the environment of an innovative economy [13]. There are also factors to be considered in the implementation of raw material supply in food enterprises. The suppliers implementing the processes of sourcing raw materials and products, inspecting products, sending them to the manufacturing process, and evaluating products.
Since the food industry is a field of vital importance for people, it plays a very important role in the economic and social structure of countries. The presence of infrastructure that includes both agricultural and industrial content makes the area different and special from other areas. The existing demand structure, the search for quality that develops with the improvement in the development levels of the countries and the ever-increasing competitiveness as the closest market to the fully competitive market constitute the developmental role of continuous renewal [14].
One of the main factors in the location of food industry enterprises and the production of their products is the organization of production, the availability of raw materials and material-technical base. The activity of food industry enterprises in the regions has a positive effect on the creation of relations between raw materials and production, increasing the efficiency of production, and increasing the economic activity of the population. The development of the food industry requires the formation of a local raw material base, the main driving force of which is agricultural products.
Raw materials processed in food industry enterprises are classified as follows:
1. Agricultural fields in crop fields;
2. Agricultural areas for animal breeding;
3. Production of non-agricultural processed products.
The first and second groups - the production of plant and livestock products make up a large part of the output of the food industry. Other products include salt, fishing, production of non-alcoholic beverages [15].
Since agricultural products have a limited shelf life before processing, cold storage complexes are used for product storage. Several types of products are produced from the raw materials of the crop and animal farming fields of agriculture, which creates conditions for increasing the variety of products. For example, various types of canned products from fruits and vegetables, fruit juices, frozen and dried fruits, etc. various types of meat and dairy products, semi-finished products, etc. are obtained from meat and milk processing. products are produced.
The implementation of agrotechnical measures is characterized as factors characterizing the intensive development of crop production. Productivity in specialized production areas where high-quality agrotechnical measures are implemented is much higher than in mixed production areas. The application of the rotational cropping system ensures effective use of available land, increasing productivity, improving product quality, and production efficiency [9].
The system of agricultural products transportation services is characterized by the following: • small farms and traders use their privately owned passenger cars, small and medium-sized trucks, or small and medium-sized trucks owned or used by individual individuals to transport agricultural products. they use medium-capacity trucks;
• large companies engaged in the production, supply, storage and processing of agricultural products have vehicles of various capacities, including special vehicles for transporting perishable products (auto-refrigerators);
• local producers cooperate with relevant transport companies, especially foreign companies, to meet their needs for refrigerated trucks, including auto-refrigerators, used for transporting agricultural products, especially to export markets. Railway transport also has an important share in transporting products to export markets. The share of transportation by air and water transport is very small [16].
The share of agricultural products produced in enterprises in the structure of the total agricultural product in 2022 was 46.5% for crop products and 53.5% for livestock products. The share of crop products for individual entrepreneurs, family farms and households was 50.8%, and the share of livestock products was 49.2%. As can be seen from the data, a slight difference is observed when comparing the share of individual entrepreneurs, family parms and households and the share of agricultural enterprises in the structure of the total product. The increase in the share of individual entrepreneurs, family farms and households is of great importance in the socio-economic development of those engaged in the field, and in the employment of the population.
According to the statistics of the State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the economic regions with high production of melon products in the country are Karabakh, Nakhchivan, Ganja-Dashkasan, Central Aran, Mil-Mugan, Sheki-Zagatala, Shirvan-Salyan. Production of sugar beet in Shamkir, Tovuz, Beylagan, Bilasuvar, Hajigabul, Agjabedi, Fuzuli, Agsu, Imishli regions has higher production indicators than other regions [17].
Adapting the geography of agriculture to modern requirements and ensuring its sustainable development depends on increasing the efficiency of its economic relations, and more effectively adapting to the laws and conditions of global economic integration.Taking into consideration that a number of agricultural products are exportable in Azerbaijan, attention is paid to their development. The fact that domestic products are of high quality and have an international comparative advantage makes it one of the priority directions of meeting consumer demand through domestic production and increasing exports. There are agricultural and processing industries in the republic whose products are semi-finished products and in most cases are exported without passing the final processing stage [8].
Based on the indicators of production of crop products by species, when comparing 2010 and 2022, the production of cereals and cereal legums, vegetables is observed with continuous growth. Fluctuating growth is noticeable in potato and melon products.
Agriculture is spread over a wide area and is currently the most engaged area of the republic's population. It also creates a basis for the development of other economic activities. Agricultural zoning is mostly related to climate-soil conditions, real estate entrepreneurship such as farms. The distinctive features of such regions include the configuration of their territory, the characteristics of the used equipment, seasonality, intensity level, quick change of specialization and etc. [7].
45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
2010 2015 2022
Fig. 1. Production indicators of crop products, %
Source: Agriculture of Azerbaijan. Baku, 2022.
Based on the production indicators of crop products by species, when comparing 2010 and 2022, continuous growth is observed in the production of cereals, cereal legumes, and vegetables. Variable growth is noticeable in potatoes and melons. Exports are dominated by unprocessed fruits and vegetables.
Canned fruit and vegetable and fruit juice production facilities with large production capacity are located in Khachmaz, Guba, Bilasuvar, Kurdamir, Gabala, Gusar, Goychay, Lankaran, Masalli, Gazakh, Balaken, and Zagatala regions. Wine production enterprises with large and small production capacity located in Ganja, Goygol, Shamkir, Tovuz, Nakhchivan, Agsu, Absheron, Ismayilli, Khachmaz, Sheki regions of the republic, "Janub Agro" LLC rice plant in Lankaran-Astara economic region, Astaracay LLC tea processing factory, "Avangard MMC" in Jalilabad district cleans and packages cereals and legumes, rice plant, tea processing factory operates in Lankaran district. Enterprises for the production of vegetable oils based on sunflower, corn, and olive raw materials operate in the regions. Vegetable oil production enterprises are located in Absheron, Shirvan districts, butter and vegetable oil production enterprise is located in Sumgayit city. Mineral and carbonated water production enterprises are located in Nakhchivan, Absheron, Gadabey, Gazakh, Shamakhi, Agstafa, Samukh, Shamkir regions, salt production enterprises are located in Absheron-Khizi and Nakhchivan economic regions. Since tea is a product in demand in the country, a certain part of it is imported in addition to local production. Azerbaijani tea is distinguished by its quality. It is exported to many countries.
In 2022, the economic regions that dominate the harvesting of grain and grain legumes across the country are Sheki-Zagatala /14.9%/, Central Aran /11.7%/, Dagliq Shirvan /11.4%/, Karabakh /11.6%/, Shirvan-Salyan /11.2 %/. Shirvan-Salyan, Gazakh-Tovuz economic regions take a leading place in sugar beet harvesting. 50.9% of the country's potato harvest is shared by the regions Gazakh-Tovuz economic region, 51.1% of the melon harvest is in Mil-Mugan, 20.6% of the vegetable harvest is in Gazakh-Tovuz, and 16.1% is in the Karabakh economic region [17]. The natural conditions of the Absheron-Khizi economic region and the lack of arable land limit the possibilities of growing agricultural products. Vegetables and melons are mainly grown in this region. Despite the low indicators in Ganja-Dashkasan, Central Aran, Eastern Zangezur economic regions, the mentioned economic regions are promising in the future in terms of growing sugar beet.
The development of food and food products through processing has historically been related to the areas of agriculture and animal breeding, and it has necessitated the formation of a purposeful system of relations between the areas of production, supply, processing, storage and trade. Thus, people living in different places tried to meet their demand for these products in different seasons of the year by adapting to local conditions and using activities based on the production, storage and processing of seasonal crops and livestock products with basic methods. In addition to preventing the spoilage of the products obtained in this way, the nutritional qualities and consumption possibilities of these products have been improved [18].
It should be noted that the measures implemented by the state for the development of both the food industry and the agriculture that supplies it with raw materials provide an additional stimulus to the development of the field. State programs of the socio-economic development of the regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2004-2008) [19], State programs of the socio-economic development of the regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2009-2013) [20], The main goal in the preparation of State programs of the socio-
economic development of the regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2014-2018) [21], State programs of social and economic development of regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan (2019-2023) [22], State program on the reliable supply of food products to the population in the Republic of Azerbaijan (2008-2015) [23], the Strategic Roadmap for production and processing of agricultural products in the Republic of Azerbaijan (2016) [16] are to provide the population with food products through local production. In 2007, the Laws of the Republic of Azerbaijan "On Breeding", "Fishing" were adopted, the State Program for 2018-2025 on "Development of Rice Farming in the Republic of Azerbaijan", 2018-2027 — on "Development of Tea Cultivation in the Republic of Azerbaijan" The State Program for the years 2018-2025 on "Development of citrus fruit growing in the Republic of Azerbaijan" was prepared.
In addition to protecting and increasing the livelihoods of individual entrepreneurship and family farms, producing more products in the future is one of the main issues. To meet the growing and changing food demand, to halt environmental degradation and restore the degraded environment, significant improvements in using effciency of resources and some progress in the conservation of raw materials are nessessary factors on a global scale [1].
One of the measures implemented by the state was the creation of agricultural parks in the regions. The creation of agricultural parks has been started since 2014. In agroparks, work was carried out on the organization of the processes of growing, processing and production of agricultural products. The main goal is the development of entrepreneurship, peasant farms in the regions, increasing production, reducing imports, and expanding exports.
Among the imported food products during the years 2000-2022, the import of agricultural products such as wheat flour, corn, rice and wheat flour, as raw materials sugar and tea slight increased in the mentioned years.increased during the mentioned years.
During the years 2000-2022, the specific weight of food sector products in exported products was 9%. The share of agricultural products in the exported food products was 77.8% in 2000 and 87.3% in 2022. Of the mentioned products, potatoes, fresh fruits and vegetables are important for export without processing.
The analysis of the sustainable level of the quality of the agricultural product shows that the problem is of great importance in the context of economic, social and market relations. The sustainable efficiency of quality in agricultural geography is explained by the fact that high quality products increase purchasing power and accelerate the formation of a market economy. On the other hand, the sustainable development of quality creates an initial source of ideas for the creation of a technological production model. As a result, the process of transformation of agricultural production areas into competitive structures is formed [8].
According to the statistical analysis there was an increase in the production of meat, milk and eggs during the mentioned years. Meat production (in slaughter weight) increased /1.4 times/, milk production /1.4 times/, egg production /1.8 times/. It should be noted that the table contains the total of products produced both by agricultural enterprises and by individual entrepreneurs, family farmers and households [17].
400000 350000 300000 250000 200000 150000 100000 50000 0
2000 2022
Fig. 2. Exported food products, %
Source: [17].
Guba-Khachmaz, Central Aran, Shirvan-Salyan, Karabakh, Mil-Mugan economic regions take a leading place in meat production. In milk production, Karabakh, Central Aran, Mil-Mugan, Lankaran-Astara, Absheron-Khizi, Shirvan-Salyan, Mil-Mugan economic regions take the leading place in egg production [17].
Meat products manufacturing enterprises across the country include food products refinary factory in Khachmaz city, meat and various ready-made food cans at Qafqaz cannery, "Hijaz", "Sab", "Sevimli dad", "Hunters", "Halal Nemet", Sahlily in Absheron-Khizi economic regions , Elba meat and meat products enterprise and other private enterprises, Khirdalan meat processing enterprise and others. In order to meet the needs of the urban population, some enterprises are located in Absheron district, Baku city and surrounding areas. Khirdalan milk processing enterprise for the production of dairy products is located in Baku city "Milk" pro.ldt, Taimeks, Az Food Company, Hokmeli settlement, Nakhchivan, Agjabedi, Bilasuvar, Saatli, Tovuz, Gabala, Kurdamir districts. In the field of production of poultry products, there are meat-oriented poultry farms, poultry processing enterprises in Nakhchivan economic region, poultry (broiler) enterprises in Siyazan, Shamkir, Lankaran, Jalilabad, Khachmaz, Shabran, Neftchala, Sabirabad, Beylagan, Kurdamir, Salyan, Imishli regions. For the production of fish products, fish factory named after N. Narimanov, Khilli fish breeding, fish feed, processing and canning in Neftchala district, Lankaran fish canning factory, Khudat fish processing, fish breeding and processing enterprises were established in Nakhchivan, Shahbuz, Sharur regions [19].
In order to meet the demand for flour and flour products, special importance is given to the development of grain farming, and grain storage complexes and processing enterprises have been established. "Absheron Takil" LLC, "Karat-Holding", "Karmen LLC", "Ganja-Dairman" LLC, "Baku-Takil" OJSC, "Khachmaz-Takil" LLC, "Khirman"
LLC, "AZAGROTAXIL" LLC for grain processing in the republic, "Sari Sunbul" company, "SAF Express Agro" LLC grain processing enterprises can be mentioned [20].
In 2022, self-sufficiency with all types of meat products was 86.4%, self-sufficiency with dairy products was 84.8%, self-sufficiency with eggs was 99.1%, and self-sufficiency with fish and fish products was 78.2% [17].
2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0
2011
2015
2020
2022
I Meat (cut weight, thousand tons I Milk, by all farm categories (thousand tons) I Eggs, for all farm categories (million units)
Fig. 3. Production indicators of the main livestock products
Source: [17].
The dynamics of consumption of agricultural products, balancing the supply and demand, the effect of decreasing the price of the product and, as a result under the conditions of stable or decreasing imports, increasing the purchasing power of the population. The main factors affecting the dynamics of livestock products also affects the population's needs for meat products, milk, eggs, the demand for raw materials of the food industry, and the export structure. It determines the production and export balance of livestock products for each product, commodity and goods circulation, the formation of the market demand structure and the accurate consumption structure [24].
Intensive experiments conducted over many years in many countries of the world show that agricultural development and economic growth are necessary for improving both food security and nutrition [2].
The state provides concessional loans to entrepreneurs for the modernization and construction of livestock complexes, which allows processing enterprises to use loans on discounted terms. The activity of individual entrepreneurs and family farms is one of the factors that have a positive effect on the development of this field. Agricultural products are grown by rural-farmers, and the income from the sale of products affects the provision of social life of agricultural work forces, creating conditions for providing employment to the population in the regions. Modern forms of location of industrial production affect the improvement of the territorial organization of the economy and the development of
regions. The efficient placement of industrial enterprises affects the employment of the population and the improvement of their social situation.
CONCLUSION
1. There are some types of products that are imported as raw materials. One of the reasons for this is to meet local demand, and another reason is that after being imported as raw materials, they undergo a processing process and become exportable as finished products. For example is raw sugar. After being imported as raw materials, the finished product is obtained at a sugar processing plant in the Imishli region. One of the main issues in the supply of agricultural products is to increase the supply of raw materials in order to reduce imports. A relative decrease in the production indicators of legumes, melons, and sugar beet has been observed over the last 10 years. The production of green tea leaves is observed with a weak growth rate. Green tea leaves are grown in Lankaran, Astara, Masalli, and Zagatala regions across the country. As there is fact that Lankaran economic region has the advantage in production of tea, it is appropriate to increase production.
2. According to the analyzes of the production indicators of vegetable crops in the economic regions, melons and vegetable crops in the Daglig-Shirvan economic region, potatoes, melons, vegetables, sugar beet in the Ganja-Dashkasan economic region, melon plants in the Guba-Khachmaz economic region, vegetables and melons in the Sheki-Zagatala economic region production of plants has weak indicators compared to other economic regions.
3. According to the analysis of the indicators of the development of animal breeding, it is appropriate to increase the production of meat products in Absheron-Khizi, Ganja-Dashkasan and Daglig-Shirvan economic regions.
4. From the analysis of indicators of the level of self-sufficiency with crop products, it can be concluded that there is a need to increase the self-sufficiency of legumes, cereals. An increase in self-sufficiency with livestock products is observed over the years.
5. In the direction of the development of the food sector, it is appropriate to implement the following factors: the produced product should satisfy local demand and have export value; high quality and competitive product production, increasing product range; investment attractiveness, creation of favorable conditions for entrepreneurial activity; qualified personnel training;
Thus, the analysis of the issues of supplying the food industry with agricultural products which are the raw material base, shows that there is great prospects for the future development of this field in the country. Measures are being taken by the state to expand the raw material base. In the future, in order to make entrepreneurs pay more attention to this field, continious measures, increasing investment, and increasing the supply of agricultural raw materials are among the important factors that will be implemented in the direction of the development of the food industry.
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ЗНАЧЕНИЕ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ СЫРЬЕ ПИЩЕВОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ В АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ
Бабаева З. Р.
Азербайджанский государственный педагогический университет, Баку, Республика Азербайджан E-mail: [email protected]
В статье дана характеристика сельскохозяйственной продукции, являющейся основной сырьевой базой пищевой промышленности Республики Азербайджан. Одна из основных особенностей пищевой промышленности и перерабатывающих предприятий связана с развитием сельского хозяйства. Основной целью было рассмотрение вопросов обеспечения регионов сельскохозяйственным сырьем. Природные условия республики имеют большие перспективы для развития сельскохозяйственных угодий в регионах. В статье преиводится резульата анализа продукции, полученной в результате промышленной переработки, на основе официальных данных Государственного комитета по статистике Азербайджанской Республики. Дана информация о значении сельскохозяйственных предприятий и субъектов хозяйствования в обеспечении сельскохозяйственным сырьем, их роли и значении в развитии отрасли.
В Азербайджане часть сельскохозяйственной продукции импортируется в качестве сырья. Часть импорта удовлетворяет потребности местнх производителй. Другое направление использования импортного сырья (например, сырой сахар) — его реэкспорт в третьи страны. Одна из основных проблем в снабжении сельскохозяйственной продукции республики — это увеличение поставок сырья с целью сокращения импорта. За последние 10 лет наблюдается относительное снижение производственных показателей бобовых, дынь и сахарной свёклы. Производство зеленого чая наблюдается с низким темпом роста. Листья зеленого чая выращиваются в Ленкорань, Астаре, Масаллы и Закатале. Однако, именно Ленкорань имеет преимущества в производстве чая, где целесообразно увеличивать его производство.
Согласно анализу производственных показателей овощных культур в экономических регионах, производство дынь и овощных культур в Дагли-Ширванском экономическом районе, картофеля, дынь, овощей, сахарной свёклы в Гянджа-Дашкасандском экономическом районе, дынных культур в Губа-Хачмазском экономическом районе, овощей и дынь в Шеки-Загатальском экономическом районе имеет слабые показатели по сравнению с другими экономическими регионами.
Согласно анализу показателей развития животноводства, целесообразно увеличить производство мясной продукции в Абшерон-Хызы, Гянджа-Дашкасандском и Дагли-Ширванском экономических регионах.
Из анализа показателей уровня самодостаточности в производстве сельскохозяйственной продукции можно сделать вывод о необходимости увеличения самодостаточности бобовых и злаковых. За годы наблюдается увеличение самодостаточности в производстве продукции животноводства.
В направлении развития пищевой отрасли целесообразно реализовать следующие факторы: произведенный продукт должен удовлетворять местный спрос и иметь экспортную ценность; производство высококачественной и конкурентоспособной продукции, увеличение ассортимента; инвестиционная привлекательность, создание благоприятных условий для предпринимательской деятельности; подготовка квалифицированных кадров.
Таким образом, анализ вопросов обеспечения пищевой промышленности сельскохозяйственными продуктами, которые являются сырьевой базой, показывает, что существует большой потенциал для дальнейшего развития этой сферы в стране. Государством принимаются меры по расширению сырьевой базы. В будущем, чтобы привлечь предпринимателей к этому направлению, непрерывные меры, увеличение инвестиций и увеличение поставок сельскохозяйственного сырья будут важными факторами для развития пищевой промышленности. Ключевые слова: пищевая промышленность, сельское хозяйство, растениеводство, животноводство, производство.
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Поступила в редакцию 23.06.2024 г.
