CC BY
4
Rajapov I. T.
Namangan Engineering and Technology Institute
PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING: FOSTERING CRITICAL THINKING
SKILLS
Abstract. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is an instructional method that challenges students to learn through engagement in real-world problems. This approach fosters critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and self-directed learning by presenting students with complex situations that do not have straightforward solutions. PBL emphasizes student autonomy and collaborative work, encouraging learners to research, discuss, and apply knowledge to find solutions. While it requires a shift from traditional teaching methods and poses assessment challenges, PBL has proven effective in enhancing critical thinking, engagement, and practical application of knowledge in various educational contexts.
Keywords Problem-Based Learning, Critical Thinking, Problem-Solving Skills, Real-World Problems, Self-Directed Learning, Student Autonomy, Collaborative Learning, Knowledge Application, Educational Innovation, Learning Engagement.
Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is a learner-centered approach that uses real-world problems as a context for students to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills. In PBL, students are presented with a problem and engage in a self-directed learning process to investigate and propose solutions. This method contrasts with traditional, lecture-based learning, as it requires students to take an active role in their learning journey. PBL has been increasingly adopted in various educational settings, from primary education to professional training, due to its effectiveness in enhancing critical thinking, practical skills, and engagement.
Principles and Structure of PBL Exploring the core principles of PBL, including its focus on student-centered learning, the role of real-world problems, and the process of inquiry and investigation. The structure of PBL sessions, from problem presentation to resolution, is examined.
Developing Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills Discussing how PBL contributes to the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The role of PBL in promoting analytical thinking, creativity, and the practical application of theoretical knowledge is highlighted.
Challenges in Implementing PBL Identifying challenges in implementing PBL, such as the need for a shift in teaching methodology, the development of appropriate assessment methods, and ensuring student participation. Strategies to address these challenges are explored.
Impact on Student Learning and Motivation Analyzing the impact of PBL on student learning outcomes, including enhanced understanding, motivation, and engagement. The role of PBL in fostering a deeper appreciation for the subject matter and real-world applicability is discussed.
Case Studies and Empirical Research Presenting case studies and empirical research findings on the effectiveness of PBL in various educational contexts. These examples illustrate the adaptability of PBL and its benefits in different disciplines and learning environments. Conclusion
Problem-Based Learning represents a significant shift in educational practice, prioritizing critical thinking, problem-solving, and student autonomy. By engaging students in real-world problems, PBL fosters a deeper understanding of subject matter and enhances practical skills. While it presents challenges in implementation and assessment, the benefits of PBL in promoting active learning and engagement are substantial. As an innovative educational approach, PBL is instrumental in preparing students for the complexities of the modern world.
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