CC BY
0Central Asian Journal of
Education and Innovation
PREVENTION OF PERINATAL COMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION
Shokirova Ch.T. Nasirova F J.
Andijan State Medical Institute https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14676680
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Gestational hypertension remains one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study provides a detailed analysis of the prevention strategies for perinatal complications associated with gestational hypertension. Drawing from a comprehensive review of clinical practices and patient data, it identifies the most effective interventions and their outcomes. Key findings emphasize the importance of early diagnosis, tailored treatment, and comprehensive monitoring to enhance maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Introduction
Gestational hypertension is defined as new-onset hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation, with no proteinuria. It complicates approximately 6-8% of all pregnancies and poses significant risks to both mother and fetus. Common complications include preeclampsia, preterm delivery, low birth weight, and increased perinatal mortality. The management of gestational hypertension focuses on minimizing these risks through early diagnosis, continuous monitoring, and appropriate therapeutic interventions. This paper explores preventive strategies and their impact on perinatal outcomes.
Materials and Methods
This study employs a retrospective cohort design, analyzing medical records of 500 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational hypertension between 2015 and 2020. Data collected includes maternal demographics, clinical features, interventions, and perinatal outcomes. The study population is divided into groups based on the severity of hypertension and the interventions received. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics and logistic regression, are performed to identify factors associated with improved outcomes.
Results and Discussion
Demographics
The study cohort consists of 500 patients with gestational hypertension. Age distribution reveals that the majority of patients (40%) are between 20-30 years old, followed by 31-40 years (40%), <20 years (10%), and >40 years (10%). Most patients (70%) are primiparous.
Qabul qilindi: 10-Yanvar 2025 yil Ma'qullandi: 15- Yanvar 2025 yil Nashr qilindi: 17- Yanvar 2025 yil
KEY WORDS
Gestational hypertension,
perinatal complications,
prevention, antihypertensive therapy, prenatal care, maternal health, fetal outcomes, preeclampsia.
Characteristic Category Percentage (%)
Age <20 years 10
Age 20-30 years 40
Age 31-40 years 40
Age >40 years 10
Parity Primiparous 70
Parity Multiparous 30
Interventions and Outcomes
Antihypertensive therapy was administered to 80% of patients, resulting in a significant reduction in the incidence of severe hypertension. Lifestyle modifications, including dietary adjustments and physical activity, were implemented in 60% of cases. Frequent prenatal monitoring (85%) enabled early detection and management of complications. Perinatal outcomes included 15% preterm births, 12% low birth weight infants, and 8% neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions.
Outcome Number of Cases Percentage (%)
Preterm Births 75 15
Low Birth Weight 60 12
NICU Admissions 40 8
Maternal 30 6
Complications
Fetal Demise 10 2
Discussion
The findings highlight the critical role of antihypertensive therapy and comprehensive prenatal care in managing gestational hypertension. Patients who received timely interventions demonstrated significantly better outcomes, including reduced rates of severe hypertension, preterm births, and NICU admissions. Lifestyle modifications further contributed to improved maternal and fetal well-being.
Conclusions
The study underscores the importance of early diagnosis, regular monitoring, and personalized treatment plans in preventing perinatal complications associated with gestational hypertension. Collaborative care involving obstetricians, dietitians, and primary care providers is essential for optimizing outcomes. Future research should focus on refining intervention protocols and exploring novel therapeutic approaches.
References:
1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2020). Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 222. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 135(6), e237-e260.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy and Mortality at Delivery Hospitalization — United States, 2017-2019. MMWR Morb Mortal
Wkly Rep, 71(17), 585-591.
3. Duley, L. (1992). Maternal mortality associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 99(7), 547-553.
4. Sibai, B. M. (2012). Etiology and management of postpartum hypertension-preeclampsia. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 206(6), 470.e1-470.e7.
