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УДК 54
Charyyeva G.D.
Teacher of Oguz han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Atamyradov K.D.
2nd year student of Oguz han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
METHOD OF OBTAINING CALCIUM NITRATE FROM RAW MATERIALS
Annotation
Obtain calcium nitrate from raw materials, limestone with nitric acid, to be satisfied the needs of agriculture and have a positive impact on the economy.
Keywords
Calcium nitrate, salt, plant, economy, raw material.
Calcium nitrate is an essential and valuable fertilizer for plants in agriculture. This is because it contains not only nitrogen but also calcium.
Calcium is stored as mineral salts and acids in plants. It stimulates root growth, neutralizes excess acidity in plant cells, and increases their stability in highly acidic soil conditions. Calcium is also very sensitive to plant growth. Calcium affects the hydrocarbon metabolism of plants and nitrogen compounds in the plant. Plants begin to dry due to calcium deficiency. Calcium, when supplied to the plant only in its pure form, is very difficult for plants to assimilate and results in plant rot and drying of individual root branches. In this case, timely and correct application of calcium nitrate to the plant can achieve plant regeneration.
Nitrogen plays an important role in mineral nutrition of plants. It is part of proteins. Plant proteins contain 15.5-18% nitrogen. Nitrogen is also a component of chlorophyll, which helps plants absorb carbon from carbon dioxide stored in the atmosphere and absorb solar energy. Nitrogen fertilizers are mineral and organic substances that provide nitrogen to plants. Nitrogen fertilizers are an effective means of increasing the yield of agricultural crops. Nitrogen compounds do not remain in the soil for a long time, so artificial fertilization of the soil with nitrogen has a positive effect on yields. Nitrogen is released in fertilizers - solid and liquid.
Calcium nitrate, being a binder of calcium and nitrogen fertilizers, does not have a harmful effect on the plant. It is an alkaline physiological fertilizer. When this fertilizer is applied to the seed, it ensures healthy and fast growth of the seed. It protects the plant from pests, insects and various diseases. It improves the taste, quantity, quality of the fruit and extends its shelf life. At the same time, calcium nitrate products are given to all types of agricultural and ornamental plants to achieve normal plant growth and abundant yield.
56% nitric acid produced in "Maryazot" production Association of Mary Velayat of the country and slaked lime obtained by burning the limestone of the country at 1000 °C were used as the main raw materials for obtaining calcium nitrate, and then by obtaining slaked lime.
Calcium oxide was obtained by heating the lime in a muffle furnace at 1000 °C for 2 h. Slaked lime was obtained from it after drying [2].
Dilute 56% nitric acid to 40% with distilled water.
Dilute nitric acid was reacted with Ca(OH)2 (pH=7). The resulting solution was filtered. To oxidize the obtained neutral solution and precipitate water-insoluble particles, 0.25% sodium hypochlorite 0.3% was added to the solution and kept for 30 min. The solution was filtered. A sample of calcium nitrate was obtained by drying the resulting solution in a desiccator at 220°C.
The most suitable method for the ecology and economy of the country is to obtain calcium nitrate using raw materials.
Список использованной литературы:
1. Hojamuhammedowa B., Hajyyew M. D. Esasy organiki dal sintezin tehnologiyasy I bolum. - A§gabat, 2010.
2. Карякин Ю. В., Ангелов И.И. Чистые химические вещества. - Москва, 1974.
3. Беглов Б. М., Намазов Ш. С., Дадаходжаев А. Т., Юлдашев Ш. Х., Ибрагимов Г. И. Нитрат кальция. Его свойства, получение и применение в сельском хозяйстве. - Ташкент: "Мехнат", 2001.
© Charyyeva G. D., Atamyradov K. D., 2024
УДК 547
Esenova M.H.
Instructor of Oguz han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF METAL-ORGANIC FRAME WORK STRUCTURE OF MOF - 5
Annotation
It has been shown that the synthesized metal-organic compounds based on teraphthalic acid and ions have the structure of MOF - 5 and they have been studied synthesized MOF-5 sample obtained by scanning electron microscopy. It's clear that the crystals have a well-defined cubic structure.
Keywords
Metal-organic framework; microscopy, structure, acid, adsorption.
Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials, which are constructed from metal ions or metal ion clusters and bridging organic linkers, exhibit regular crystalline lattices with relatively well-defined pore structures and interesting properties.
MOF
Figure 1 - Structure preparation of MOF 5
MOFs exhibit unique physical and chemical properties, which include: wide possibilities for varying their chemical composition, flexibility of the metal-organic framework, the possibility of forming the so-called. "intertwined" (such as catenane structures) as well as extremely high porosity and low crystalline density.
The modular or block structure of MOF-5 contributes to the regulation of the spatial structure, as well as the pore geometry and functionality of these materials, through the rational selection of inorganic and organic building units, as well as the way they are connected. For example, depending on the coordination number of the inorganic center (metal ion) and the nature of the organic linker, pores ranging in size from ~0.5 to several nanometers can form in MOF-5 matrices [1].
