CC BY
3MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY OF PRECAST REINFORCED CONCRETE
PRODUCTS
Begmuradova B.2, Garamammedov G.2, Gurbannazarov P.3, Khadjimuradova O.4
'Begmuradova Bahargul - lecturer, 2Garamammedov Garamammed - student, Gurbannazarov Parakhat - student, Khadjimuradova Oguljan - student, TURKMEN STATE ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION INSTITUTE ASHGABAT, REPUBLIC OF TURKMENISTAN
Abstract: the analysis of the manufacturing technology ofprecast reinforced concrete products leads to the conclusion that there is a system of separate technological processes consisting of separate operations, starting from the reception of raw materials and ending with quality control, acceptance and shipment offinished products to the consumer. Keywords: technological cycle, building mixes, reinforced concrete products.
UDC 691.32
The technological process of manufacturing precast concrete and reinforced concrete products is a set of separate technological processes consisting of separate operations, starting from the reception of raw materials and ending with quality control, acceptance and shipment of finished products to the consumer. This general sequence of execution of the entire set of technological operations practically does not depend on the accepted method (technology) of production and is inherent in all practiced methods: bench, conveyor, aggregate-flow and mixed, implemented on the corresponding technological lines. The specifics of performing the element cycles and their constituent technological operations (for example, the reinforcement or molding cycle) depend on the accepted production method (technology) [1].
The same operations (for example, reinforcement tension or laying of concrete and compaction of concrete) can be performed using different equipment, methods and techniques of implementation inherent in the adopted production technology and the corresponding equipment (equipment) of technological lines. The main element cycles are performed in a certain sequence, forming a common technological cycle. Some of them (in particular, the preparation of molds, reinforcement) are carried out mainly in parallel with the preparation of concrete and its transportation to the place of molding products. Each element cycle of the basic technological scheme reflects either the main methods and techniques of its implementation (for example, types of vehicles for the delivery of materials).
The modern version of the technology for the use of cement-based building mixes dates back to 1824, when the British builder D. Aspdin took out the first patent for the manufacture of Portland cement. The name of the material includes the town of Portland, characterized by picturesque terrain and gray rocky mountains, so similar in color to the new building material. Since that time, cement has been widely distributed throughout Europe and the world, constantly gaining popularity and gaining markets.
Depending on the field of use, weather conditions and expected loads, different mixtures in composition and quality are required. Heavy concrete is the most popular and in demand. Today, it is needed in huge quantities for the construction of supporting structures, foundations, monolithic buildings and other critical facilities. For the production of heavy concrete, cement is used, one of the most important components. It is used in all grades of concrete and must meet regulatory requirements [2].
The material has a powdery bulk structure and a gray color. The shades may vary and depend on the raw material and the manufacturer's technology. A large filler performs several functions simultaneously: it reduces the consumption of the most expensive component, reduces the cost, and creates the necessary structure and strength. Most often, small and medium fractions of crushed stone and gravel are used as a filler. To increase the mechanical properties, a filler with sharp corners and edges is better suited. In this case, better adhesion is obtained and the density of the material increases. Crushed stone with a fraction size of 5-20 mm is best suited. The material is extracted mechanically from natural sources. It consists of rocks of different composition and density. Construction technologies are constantly developing and today artificial substitutes are increasingly coming to replace natural crushed stone: prepared slags, expanded clay and others. They reduce the cost of the material, but slightly reduce the strength characteristics. Construction technologies are constantly developing and today artificial substitutes are increasingly coming to replace natural crushed stone: prepared slags, expanded clay and others. They reduce the cost of the material, but somewhat reduce the strength characteristics.
References
1. Машырыков Э., Оразов А., Овезова А., Бегмурадова Б. Возможности производства инновационных
строительных материалов в Туркменистане // Вестник науки. 2024. № 2 (71).
2. Трофимов Б.Я. Технология сборных железобетонных изделий. М. :2021
