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effectively and ensure compliance with regulations. By implementing sound financial management practices, maintaining accurate records, and preparing detailed reports, agricultural businesses can enhance their profitability and sustainability in a competitive market. References
1. Green, T. (2020). Accounting for Agricultural Businesses: A Comprehensive Guide. AgriBusiness Press.
2. White, R. (2019). Financial Management in Agriculture: Strategies and Tools. Journal of Agricultural Economics.
3. Smith, J. (2021). Tax Compliance for Farmers and Agricultural Businesses. Farming Financial Solutions
© Gylychtuvakova G., Akmyradova S., 2024
УДК 338.33
Mynzhasarova M.
Product Marketing Manager at SmallTalk2.me
ISSUES IN THE PRODUCTION OF INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING PRODUCTS IN CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC INSTABILITY
Abstract
This paper examines the challenges and trends in the development of high-tech product manufacturing, as well as methods for supporting the development of the engineering sector in conditions of economic instability.
Keywords:
engineering sector, high-tech products, innovative products, competitiveness, economic instability.
Relevance
At the current stage of global economic development, the engineering sector plays a key role in the socioeconomic growth of nations, serving as an indicator of scientific and technological achievements and ensuring the defense capabilities of a nation.
The engineering industry holds leading positions in the industrial sectors of many countries, contributing to a significant portion of industrial output and facilitating the technological transition of the economy. It is important to emphasize that the engineering sector remains competitive despite economic instability, expanding employment opportunities by stimulating the growth of related industries and the production of advanced machinery. Therefore, the dynamic development of the engineering sector is critical for accelerating automation at manufacturing enterprises and improving the country's economic performance [1].
Statistical data from international institutions confirm that the engineering sector is currently one of the leading segments in international trade and plays a key role in the economies of different countries. In particular, the share of engineering products in global industrial revenue reaches 65%. Regarding the contribution of engineering to the GDP of leading countries, it reflects the high dependence of the success of the engineering industry on the level of research and development, the qualification of the workforce, and the efficiency of production process management [2].
Main Part
Currently, European countries hold strong positions in the global high-tech product market. For example, in the first six months of 2024, the share of high-tech engineering product exports increased by 17.4% in
Germany, by 18.1% in Belgium, and by 22% in the United States. This progress was made possible through the implementation of national projects aimed at supporting domestic manufacturers in establishing trade relations with foreign partners. The development of transportation corridors with the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America also contributes to the strengthening of foreign economic relations [3].
However, in the ranking of global suppliers of engineering products, Russia holds only 26th place. This is primarily due to the shortage of highly qualified specialists, which stems from the gap between educational programs and production needs, the low prestige of relevant professions, low wages, and other factors. Secondly, it is caused by delays in industrialization in comparison to global trends.
Competitiveness, for example, in the engineering products of CIS countries, can be improved through the modernization of production processes, which are currently outdated and require renewal, as well as through active government policies aimed at financing and regulating these processes.
In the 21st century, despite economic instability, the prospects for the development of the engineering sector should rely on the following directions:
• Production of finished products by strengthening domestic production capacities;
• Borrowing technologies from partner countries;
• Production based on imported equipment with the involvement of private investments;
• Implementation of projects to create technologically complex components for foreign productions;
• Development of equipment manufacturing for new technologies based on domestic innovations;
• Focus on local innovative technologies.
To stimulate the development of high-tech production in unstable conditions, the following steps are necessary:
• Allocation and development of industrial zones with modern infrastructure;
• Formation of production clusters in key areas of engineering;
• Creation of technoparks and incubators to support aspiring entrepreneurs in engineering;
• Modernization of existing enterprises with the introduction of flexible technologies;
• Ensuring high quality and technological sophistication of products;
• Enhancing after-sales service;
• Developing the human resources potential for the innovative development of the sector;
• Attracting investments to strengthen export potential and improve the competitiveness of engineering.
Recent trends highlight the growth of advanced machinery production in areas such as transportation,
railway equipment, agricultural machinery, and engineering in general. Experts believe that in the near future, special attention should be given to the following aspects:
• Development of joint production initiatives with enterprises from CIS countries in the fields of transportation, railway, and agricultural equipment, as well as the establishment of production lines for advanced machinery, equipment, and spare parts for agricultural processing;
• Expansion of the production of locomotives, railcars, containers, wheelsets, as well as machinery and equipment for railway tracks.
It is important to note that in the railway equipment sector, due to increasing demand for innovative products, there are ongoing developments aimed at creating the latest polymer elements and fastening systems for rails.
Each organization and manufacturing enterprise has unique characteristics, requiring an individual approach to the implementation of innovations in high-tech production. This emphasizes the need to focus on the goal of producing innovative products using the latest technological advancements, leading to significant qualitative transformations. These conclusions were confirmed at the meeting of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council in Saint Petersburg [4].
Participants of the EAEU council put forward a declaration emphasizing the need to continue the
development of economic processes despite economic instability. The document proposed specific steps to activate joint efforts in key industries, including engineering, to increase the production of high-tech products.
Effective management of the production process for advanced machinery should be seen as the creation and operation of a comprehensive system with clearly defined blocks and subsystems, each playing its role in achieving the overall goal. To ensure competitiveness and conduct an in-depth analysis of the high-tech production sector's development, enterprises are recommended to apply a systematic approach. This approach involves the interaction of all system elements in industrial enterprises, including information support, organizational management, and the management process itself, ensuring the integrity and efficiency of production activities (see Fig. 1).
Figure 1 illustrates the main components of the management system for the development of innovative product manufacturing.
In recent years, despite economic instability, fruitful international cooperation with various countries has opened new opportunities for manufacturers in the CIS countries to promote innovative products in international markets. This creates grounds for an optimistic outlook on the future development of the industry.
The key goal of the engineering sector is to achieve sustainable growth, which includes not only the production of advanced products but also the implementation of a government program to support the engineering sector. This program provides for tax incentives in exchange for meeting certain conditions, as well as the development of industrial policy legislation and the creation of an Industrial Development Support Fund.
Management of High-Tech Product Manufacturing Development
Information
Management Organization
Management Process
Descriptive Information about High- Content Planning
Tech Products Organization
Motivational Information Determining Structure Coordination
the Choice of This Targeted Action Motivation
Control
Instructional Information Providing Connections Regulation
Targeted Influence on Industrial Communication
Sectors Marketing
Fig. 1 - Components of the management system for the development of high-tech product manufacturin
Conclusion
Despite economic instability and uncertainties, the engineering sector in many countries faces specific challenges, including a lack of resources for development, technological upgrades, and improving product competitiveness. Some sectors experience delays in the development of production and research infrastructure, as well as a shortage of qualified specialists in engineering and information technologies. However, there is a positive trend in the activities of joint ventures involved in assembling various equipment for the transportation, railway, and agricultural sectors. There is sufficient resource and raw material potential to implement the Comprehensive Plan for the Development of Engineering and transition to the production of innovative products, which provides a solid foundation for optimistic forecasts regarding the future of the industry.
List of References
1. Polovinkin V.N. Current State and Development Issues of Domestic Engineering [Electronic resource] / V.N.
Polovinkin, A.B. Fomichev. - Access mode: http://www.proatom.ru/modules
2. Sheludko, V.G. On the Issues of Promoting Domestic High-Tech Products to the Market / V.G. Sheludko // Management of Social and Economic Systems. - 2021. - No. 4. - Pp. 16-24.
3. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated May 20, 2023, No. 1315-r "On the Approval of the Concept of Technological Development" for the period up to 2030.
4. Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. Order dated September 16, 2020, No. 3092 "On the Approval of the List of High-Tech Products, Works, and Services Considering the Priority Directions of Modernizing the Russian Economy."
© Mynzhasarova M., 2024
УДК 33
Абаева Г.
студент 2 курса ТГАСИ г. Ашхабад, Туркменистан Бердинязова Дж. студент 2 курса ТГАСИ г. Ашхабад, Туркменистан Язмырадова Н. студент 2 курса ТГАСИ г. Ашхабад, Туркменистан
РОЛЬ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ СУБСИДИЙ В РАЗВИТИИ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ЧИСТЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
Аннотация
В статье рассматривается влияние государственных субсидий на развитие экологически чистых технологий. Анализируются механизмы государственной поддержки и их роль в стимулировании экологически устойчивого роста экономики.
Ключевые слова:
государственные субсидии, экологически чистые технологии, устойчивое развитие, инновации.
Abayeva G., 2nd year student of TSACI, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Berdinyazova J., 2nd year student of TSACI, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Yazmyradova N., 2nd year student of TSACI, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGIES
Abstract
The article examines the impact of government subsidies on the development of environmentally friendly technologies. The mechanisms of state support and their role in stimulating environmentally sustainable economic growth are analyzed.
