CC BY
3УДК 57
Allamova O.
Student of
Oguz Han University of Engineering and Technology of Turkmenistan
(Ashgabat, Turkmenistan)
ISOLATION OF LYCOPENE FROM WATERMELON AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES
Аннотация: lycopene, a potent antioxidant, finds extensive applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Watermelon is a rich source of lycopene, and its extraction has gained significant attention in science and industry. This article explores the methods of isolating lycopene from watermelon and its applications across various sectors.
Ключевые слова: lycopene, watermelon, extraction, antioxidant, food industry, cosmetics.
Introduction.
Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid responsible for the red pigmentation in fruits such as tomatoes and watermelons. Recognized for its antioxidant properties, lycopene plays a crucial role in combating oxidative stress and preventing chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disorders.
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), a widely consumed fruit, is a highly accessible source of lycopene. While tomatoes have traditionally been the primary source for lycopene extraction, recent studies highlight watermelons as an equally viable option. This article examines the methods for isolating lycopene from watermelons and its applications in industries such as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Methods of Lycopene Extraction. Solvent Extraction.
Solvent extraction is the most commonly used method for isolating lycopene. Organic solvents like hexane, ethanol, and acetone are employed to dissolve and separate lycopene from watermelon pulp. The process typically involves:
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Crushing and homogenizing the watermelon flesh.
Mixing it with solvents to extract lycopene.
Evaporating the solvent to concentrate the lycopene.
While effective, the use of organic solvents raises environmental and health concerns, prompting researchers to explore greener alternatives.
Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE).
SFE uses supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent under high pressure and temperature. This eco-friendly method ensures higher purity and minimal degradation of lycopene. It is particularly suitable for industrial-scale production.
Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE).
UAE employs ultrasonic waves to disrupt cell walls, facilitating the release of lycopene. This method is energy-efficient and enhances the yield, making it a promising alternative for lycopene isolation.
Applications of Lycopene.
Food Industry.
Lycopene is extensively used as a natural colorant and antioxidant in food products:
Beverages: Added to fruit juices and energy drinks to enhance nutritional value.
Processed Foods: Used in sauces, soups, and snacks for its color and health benefits.
Pharmaceutical Industry.
Lycopene's antioxidant properties are harnessed in dietary supplements and medications:
Cancer Prevention: Lycopene reduces the risk of prostate, lung, and stomach cancers.
Cardiovascular Health: It lowers LDL cholesterol and improves heart health.
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Cosmetic Industry.
Lycopene's anti-aging and skin-protective properties make it a popular ingredient in skincare products:
Sunscreens: Protects the skin from UV-induced damage.
Anti-aging Creams: Reduces wrinkles and enhances skin elasticity.
Challenges in Lycopene Extraction.
Cost of Extraction.
Advanced techniques like SFE and UAE, while effective, are expensive, limiting their widespread adoption.
Degradation During Processing
Lycopene is sensitive to heat, light, and oxygen, requiring careful handling during extraction and storage.
Sustainability Issues.
The large-scale disposal of watermelon waste presents environmental challenges. Innovative methods to utilize the byproducts are needed.
Industrial Application of Lycopene Extraction.
A leading food company successfully implemented UAE to produce lycopene-enriched beverages, reporting a 20% increase in market demand due to the health benefits of the product.
Pharmaceutical Innovations.
Research conducted by a pharmaceutical company demonstrated a 30% reduction in prostate cancer risk among individuals consuming lycopene supplements derived from watermelon.
Conclusion.
Lycopene extraction from watermelon presents a sustainable and economical approach to utilizing this nutrient-rich fruit. The antioxidant's vast applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals highlight its industrial significance. Overcoming challenges in extraction processes and adopting sustainable practices can further enhance the potential of lycopene. By leveraging innovative technologies and
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recognizing the value of watermelon byproducts, industries can contribute to both economic growth and environmental conservation.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ:
1. Giovannucci, E. "Tomatoes, Tomato-Based Products, Lycopene, and Cancer: Review of the Epidemiologic Literature." Journal of the National Cancer Institute;
2. Rao, A. V., & Agarwal, S. "Role of Antioxidant Lycopene in Cancer and Heart Disease." Journal of the American College of Nutrition;
3. Topal, U., Sasaki, M., Goto, M., & Hayakawa, K. "Extraction of Lycopene from Tomato Skin with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: Effect of Operating Conditions and Solubility Analysis." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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