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УДК 37
Altymuhammedova G., teacher.
Charyyeva M., teacher.
Poshakov W., teacher.
The Pedagogic school named after H. Deryayev.
Mary, Turkmenistan.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE METHODOLOGY: PRINCIPLES AND APPROACHES
Abstract
The methodology of teaching English as a second language has evolved significantly over the years, incorporating new teaching techniques, technology, and research findings. As a result, the field of English language teaching (ELT) has become a dynamic and diverse discipline that aims to provide students with the tools and skills they need to communicate effectively in English. In this article, we will explore the key principles, approaches, and methods used in the teaching of English, with a particular focus on current trends and challenges in the field.
Key words:
methodology of teaching English, language, new teaching, techniques, challenges.
The methodology of teaching English as a second language has evolved significantly over the years, incorporating new teaching techniques, technology, and research findings. As a result, the field of English language teaching (ELT) has become a dynamic and diverse discipline that aims to provide students with the tools and skills they need to communicate effectively in English. In this article, we will explore the key principles, approaches, and methods used in the teaching of English, with a particular focus on current trends and challenges in the field.
Key Principles of English Language Teaching
Learner-Centered Approach: Modern teaching methods emphasize the importance of placing the learner at the center of the educational process. This approach encourages active participation, student engagement, and personalized learning, ensuring that students' individual needs, interests, and learning styles are taken into account.
Communicative Competence: The goal of English language teaching is to develop students' ability to communicate effectively in real-world situations. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) focuses on enabling learners to use the language for meaningful communication, rather than solely focusing on grammar and vocabulary memorization.
Task-Based Learning (TBL): TBL is an approach where students engage in real-life tasks that require them to use English in context. This method promotes the use of the language for problem-solving, decision-making, and collaborative activities, providing students with opportunities to practice their language skills in authentic settings.
Inclusive and Diverse Learning Environments: English language classrooms should accommodate learners from diverse backgrounds and with varying levels of proficiency. Methods such as differentiated instruction and scaffolding can support students' growth by addressing individual challenges and promoting inclusive participation.
Approaches and Methods in English Language Teaching
Grammar-Translation Method (GTM): One of the oldest methods, GTM focuses on the explicit teaching of grammar rules and vocabulary. Although it has been criticized for its lack of emphasis on speaking and listening skills, it is still used in some contexts, especially when the focus is on reading and writing.
Direct Method: This method emphasizes immersion in the target language, with an emphasis on speaking
and listening. It seeks to create a natural learning environment, where the teacher speaks only in English, and students are encouraged to use English from the very beginning.
Audio-Lingual Method: Influenced by behaviorist psychology, this method involves repetition and drills to help students learn correct language patterns. It emphasizes listening and speaking skills and often involves extensive practice through structured dialogues and exercises.
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT): This is a learner-centered approach that focuses on communication and language use in authentic situations. The emphasis is on fluency rather than accuracy, and students are encouraged to interact, collaborate, and problem-solve using English.
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL): CLIL involves teaching both subject content (such as science or history) and language skills in English. This method promotes bilingualism and helps learners acquire both subject knowledge and language proficiency simultaneously. Technology in English Language Teaching
The integration of technology into English language teaching has become increasingly important in modern classrooms. Digital tools and resources, such as language learning apps, interactive websites, and virtual classrooms, can enhance the learning experience, making it more interactive, engaging, and accessible. Technology also provides opportunities for self-paced learning, where students can practice language skills outside the classroom, using tools such as grammar checkers, language exchange platforms, and speech recognition software.
Challenges in English Language Teaching
Motivation: Maintaining student motivation is one of the key challenges in language teaching. Teachers must create engaging lessons and provide opportunities for real-world language use to keep students interested and motivated to learn.
Cultural Sensitivity: English is spoken across different cultures, and language learners must be aware of cultural differences in communication styles. Teachers must foster cultural sensitivity and teach students not only language skills but also cultural understanding. Список использованной литературы:
1. Harmer, J. The Practice of English Language Teaching (5th ed.). Pearson Education, 2015.
2. Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press, 2014.
3. Brown, H. D. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching (6th ed.). Pearson Education, 2014.
© Altymuhammedova G., Charyyeva M., Poshakov W., 2024
УДК 37
Annamyradova Y.
Lecturer Turkmen National Institute of World Languages named after Dovletmamed Azadi
Aytkulyeva A.
Lecturer International university of oil and gas named after Yagshygeldy Kakaev
Annamyradov O.
Student International university of oil and gas named after Yagshygeldy Kakaev
Turkmenistan c. Ashgabat
TRAINING READING SKILLS IN ENGLISH Abstract
This research paper explored the effectiveness of various strategies for training reading skills in English
