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60 • "PROTIST—2016
functionalized with several types of ligands, which will be the core of the immunochromatographic RDT with potential for point-of-care diagnostics. Acknowledgments: Partially supported by Gilead GENESE-PGG/001/2014.
DIVERSITY OF PROTISTS IN SALINE AND BRACKISH CONTINENTAL WATER BODIES REVEALED BY HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING
Plotnikov Andrey12, Gerasimova Elena1, Poshvina Daria1, Gogoleva Natalya3, Khlopko Yuri1
1 - Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis UB RAS, Orenburg, Russia
2 - Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia
3 - Kazan Institute ofBiochemistry and Biophysics KSC RAS, Kazan, Russia
Modern methods of high-throughput sequencing (NGS) are widely used for characterization of protists biodiversity in fresh and marine waters and often result in new data changing our knowledge about natural microbial communities. At present only protistian communities from marine biotops have been studied with NGS, whereas the data on continental saline water bodies are rare (Heidelberg et al., 2013; Triado-Margarit and Casamayor, 2013). The aim ofthis investigation was characterization of structure and biodiversity ofprotistian communities in saline and brackish water bodies of the South Urals (Russia) with 18S metagenomic sequencing. For this purpose water samples from saline and brackish lakes and a brackish river were filtered through membranes with diameter ofpores 0.45 ^m. Total DNA was isolated from the filters and DNAlibraries were made by PCR with universal primers for V4 region of the gene 18S. High-throughput sequencing was conducted with MiSeq (Illumina). The obtained reads were treated with complex of bioinformatic tools. In the report the first data on the biodiversity of eukaryotes in the deeply continental saline and brackish water bodies of the South Urals (Russia) will be presented.
The research was performed in the Center of Shared Scientific Equipment «Persistence of microorganisms» of ICIS UB RAS and was supported by RFBR (16-44-560234, 15-29-02749, 15-2902518).
AN EARLY-BRANCHING CYANOBACTE-RIUM AT THE ORIGIN OF PRIMARY PHO-TOSYNTHETIC EUKARYOTES Ponce-Toledo R.I.1, Deschamps P.1, Lopez-Garcia P.1, Zivanovic Y.2, Benzerara K.3, Moreira D.1
1 - Unité d'Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8079, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
2 - Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8621, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
3 - IMPMC, Sorbonne Universités, Paris 75005, France
Primary plastid-bearing eukaryotes evolved by the endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium within a heterotrophic host. This gave rise to the supergroup called Archaeplastida, comprising Viridiplantae (green algae and land plants), Rhodophyta (red algae) and Glaucophyta. Although the monophyly of primary plastids has been extensively recovered, the present-day closest cyanobacterial lineage to the chloroplast ancestor is still debated. We performed phylogenetic analyses using two concatenated datasets containing 97 plastid-encoded proteins and the plastid 16S+23S rRNA cluster, and found in both phylogenetic reconstructions that the ancestor of primary plastids was an early-branching cyanobacterium related to Gloeomargarita lithopho-ra, the first cultured member of a recently discovered freshwater cyanobacterial lineage widely present in stromatolites and thermophilic microbial mats. This discovery has implications for the environmental conditions in which the endosymbiosis took place.
THE SPECIAL CASE OF HOLOSPORA CARYO-PHILA, BACTERIAL SYMBIONT OF CILIATES PARAMECIUM
Potekhin A.1, Schrallhammer M.2, Schweikert M.3, Nekrasova I.1, Lebedeva N.4, Kaltz O.5, Petroni G.6
1 - Faculty of Biology, St Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
2 - Institute ofBiology, University ofFreiburg, Freiburg, Germany
3 - Institute of Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
4 - Centre of Core Facilities "Culture Collections of Microorganisms", St Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
5 - Institut of Evolutionary Science, Montpellier University 2, Montpellier, France
6 - Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
Infectious bacterium Holospora caryophila, described as symbiont of the macronucleus of Paramecium biaurelia, is an unconventional Holospora. While other Holospora species are highly selective for the host, H. caryophila has been isolated from nature in several species of the P. aurelia complex, and in
