Научная статья на тему 'DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND GYNECOLOGICAL PRACTICE'

DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND GYNECOLOGICAL PRACTICE Текст научной статьи по специальности «Медицинские науки и общественное здравоохранение»

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Ключевые слова
Gynecology / reproductive rights / menopause / mental health / telemedicine / oncology / lifestyle / gender equality / women's health

Аннотация научной статьи по медицинским наукам и общественному здравоохранению, автор научной работы — Askarova Fotima Kudratovna

Modern technologies have a significant impact on gynecological practice,contributing to improved diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the female reproductive system. This article reviews the latest advances in medical technology, including the use of artificial intelligence, telemedicine, robotic surgery, and bioengineering solutions. The potential applications of genetic testing and personalized medicine to improve the effectiveness of treatment are discussed. Special attention is paid to ethical and safety issues when introducing innovations in gynecology. The authors focus on the future of technology and its potential to optimize patient care

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Текст научной работы на тему «DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND GYNECOLOGICAL PRACTICE»

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INFO

DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND GYNECOLOGICAL PRACTICE Askarova Fotima Kudratovna

Assistant

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology №1, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14607513

ABSTRACT

Received: 30th December 2024 Accepted: 06th January 2025 Online: 07th January 2025

KEYWORDS Gynecology, reproductive rights, menopause, mental health, telemedicine, oncology, lifestyle, gender equality, women's health.

Modern technologies have a significant impact on gynecological practice, contributing to improved diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the female reproductive system. This article reviews the latest advances in medical technology, including the use of artificial intelligence, telemedicine, robotic surgery, and bioengineering solutions. The potential applications of genetic testing and personalized medicine to improve the effectiveness of treatment are discussed. Special attention is paid to ethical and safety issues when introducing innovations in gynecology. The authors focus on the future of technology and its potential to optimize patient care. РАЗВИТИЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ И ГИНЕКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ

ПРАКТИКА Аскарова Фотима Кудратовна Ассистент. кафедра акушерства и гинекологии №1, Самаркандский государственный медицинский университет, Самарканд, Узбекистан https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14607513

ARTICLE INFO

ABSTRACT

Received: 30th December 2024 Accepted: 06th January 2025 Online: 07th January 2025 KEYWORDS

Гинекология,

репродуктивные права, менопауза, психическое здоровье, телемедицина, онкология, образ жизни, гендерное равенство,

женское здоровье.

Современные технологии в значительной степени влияют на гинекологическую практику, способствуя улучшению диагностики, лечения и профилактики заболеваний женской репродуктивной системы. В статье рассматриваются новейшие достижения в области медицинских технологий, включая использование искусственного интеллекта, телемедицины, роботизированной хирургии и биоинженерных решений. Обсуждаются возможности применения генетического тестирования и персонализированной медицины для повышения эффективности лечения. Особое внимание уделяется вопросам этики и безопасности при внедрении инноваций в гинекологию. Авторы акцентируют внимание на перспективах развития технологий и их потенциале для оптимизации ухода за пациентками.

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Relevance. As the most important field of medicine, gynecology continues to evolve in the 21st century, facing many topical issues and challenges. Modern approaches to women's health, technology, changes in society and new research are shaping new horizons for gynecological practice. Let us consider some of the field's most important and topical issues.

Reproductive rights and women's health

One of the central issues in gynecology is ensuring women's reproductive rights. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 73 million abortions were reported worldwide in 2019. In low-income countries, 45% of all pregnancies end in abortion. Access to quality health care, contraception, and abortion remains acute, especially in countries with limited women's rights. According to the UN, 214 million women in developing countries lacked access to modern contraceptive methods in 2019. Issues related to the legality of abortion are also discussed and sometimes become the subject of political and social debate.

Menopause and postmenopausal syndrome

With women's life expectancy increasing, the issue of menopause is becoming more and more important. About 75 percent of women experience menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, sweating, and mood changes. Approximately 20% of women have severe symptoms that require medical intervention. Many women experience symptoms that can significantly reduce their quality of life. Research into hormone therapy and alternative therapies is helping in finding effective solutions to alleviate menopausal symptoms.

Mental health and gynecology

The link between mental and reproductive health is becoming increasingly clear. According to the World Health Organisation, women are twice as likely as men to suffer from depression. Approximately 5% of women in the world suffer from depression. Depression, anxiety disorders and other mental illnesses can affect women's reproductive health. It is important to integrate mental health into gynaecological practice, providing a comprehensive approach to treatment.

Mental factors play a significant role in women's gynaecological health. There are many examples of how emotional and mental state can affect the reproductive system. Increased levels of stress and anxiety can lead to menstrual irregularities, amenorrhoea (absence of menstruation) or increased symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Chronic stress can also negatively affect hormonal balance.

Depressive disorders can be associated with changes in hormone levels, menstrual irregularities, and even affect fertility. Depressed women often experience a decreased sex drive and problems with orgasm.

Mental conditions can manifest themselves through physical symptoms. For example, women with anxiety disorders may experience pelvic pain that has no physiological cause.

Psychological factors such as stress and emotional distress can lead to irregular menstrual cycles. Studies show that women with high levels of stress are more likely to experience amenorrhoea and dysmenorrhoea.

The psycho-emotional state can have an impact on the ability to conceive. Stress and anxiety can reduce the chances of conception, as well as affect success with assisted reproductive technologies.

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Psychological factors can exacerbate the course of various gynecological diseases such as endometriosis, uterine myomas, or polycystic ovary syndrome. Mental disorders can cause difficulties in intimacy, reducing libido and contributing to sexual dysfunction.

It is important to note that the relationship between mental state and gynecological health is bidirectional: not only psychological factors can affect the reproductive system, but also gynecological problems can lead to a deterioration of the psycho-emotional state. The approach to treatment of such conditions often requires a multidisciplinary approach, including consultations with both gynecologists and psychiatrists or psychotherapists.

Innovative technologies and telemedicine

Modern technologies, including telemedicine, have significantly changed the approach to gynaecological practice. The ability to provide remote counselling, patient monitoring and preventive check-ups has become particularly relevant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This improves access to care, especially for women in remote or underserved regions. In 2020, with the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of telemedicine in the field of gynaecology has increased by 154%, compared to previous years.

Innovative technologies and telemedicine in gynaecology are improving access to health services, improving the quality of diagnosis and treatment, and facilitating interaction between doctors and patients. Patients can have consultations with gynaecologists through video calls or dedicated platforms. This is convenient for discussing symptoms, receiving treatment recommendations and monitoring chronic conditions such as polycystic ovaries or uterine myoma.

Modern wearables (wearable devices) and mobile apps allow patients to monitor their menstrual cycle, track symptoms and share data with their doctor. For example, apps such as Clue or Glow help women manage their reproductive health.

With remote monitoring technologies, pregnant women and women at high risk of pregnancy (e.g. with diabetes or hypertension) can be monitored. This allows health care providers to monitor the health status of patients and respond to changes in a timely manner.

Some mobile apps already provide the ability to pre-diagnose certain gynaecological diseases or assess the risk of diseases based on user input. For example, apps can assess the likelihood of cervical cancer based on information entered about symptoms and health history.

Today's technology enables ultrasound exams with real-time image transmission, which is particularly useful for remote patients or those in hard-to-reach areas.

Virtual reality is finding applications in training students and doctors, as well as for therapeutic purposes. For example, VR services can be used to manage anxiety in women before gynaecological procedures.

Forums and support groups on social media provide opportunities for women to share experiences, get information about gynaecological conditions and find support during difficult times.

Artificial intelligence can be used to analyse medical images such as ultrasounds or mammograms, helping to detect abnormalities such as ovarian cysts or cancerous growths at an earlier stage.

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References:

1. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.)." Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.

2. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2019). "Practice Bulletin No. 168: Management of Menopause." Obstetrics & Gynecology, 133(1), 190-198.

3. Askarova F. K., Yakhshinorov I. N. Risk Factors and Recommendations for the Treatment of Anemia in Pregnant Women (Literature Review) //Central Asian Journal of Medical and Natural Science. - 2021. - T. 2. - №. 4. - C. 190-193.

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16. Vasilenko, P., & Piper, M. (2020). "Telemedicine in Gynecology: A Review of Current Literature and Future Directions." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 40(3), 301-308.

17. United Nations. (2020). "The World's Women 2020: Trends and Statistics." Retrieved from [UN website](https://www.un.org).

18. World Health Organization. (2021). "Reproductive health." Retrieved from [WHO website](https://www.who.int).

19. Аскарова Ф. К. СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ЕСТЕСТВЕННОЙ ФЕРТИЛЬНОСТИ У ЖЕНЩИН С БЕСПЛОДИЕМ, ВЫЗВАННЫМ ЭНДОМЕТРИОЗОМ //Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences. - 2024. - Т. 4. - №. 51. - С. 54-59.

Innovative Academy Research Support Center IF = 7.899 www.in-academy.uz

20. Аскарова Ф. К., Нодиржонович Я. ВЛИЯНИЕ МЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИИ НА СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТУЮ СИСТЕМУ ЖЕНЩИН //Eurasian Journal of Medical and Natural Sciences. - 2024. - Т. 4. - №. 4-1. - С. 150-155.

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