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DETERMINATION OF PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS IMPORTANT FOR THE BODY IN MULBERRY LEAVES AND SILKWORM WASTE
Nurkhon Saidakhmedova
Associate Professor of the Department of Chemistry of Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Republic Uzbekistan,
Yusufxon Axrorjon ogli Azizxojaev
Student
of Kokand State pedagogical institute, Republic Uzbekistan, E-mail: [email protected]
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ ВАЖНЫХ ДЛЯ ОРГАНИЗМА БЕЛКОВ И АМИНОКИСЛОТ В ЛИСТЬЯХ ШЕЛКОВИЦЫ И ОТХОДАХ ТУТОВОГО ШЕЛКОПРЯДА
Саидахмедова Нурхон Юсуповна
доцент кафедры Химии Кокандского государственного педагогического института,
Республика Узбекистан, г. Коканд
Aзизхужаев Юсуфхон Aхроржон угли
Студент
Кокандского государственного педагогического института,
Республика Узбекистан, г. Коканд E-mail: nurxonsaidaxmedova 76@gmail. com
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to identify amino acids in the waste products of a silkworm feeding on mulberry leaves. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of amino acids contained in mulberry leaves and silkworm waste was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography. 18 types of amino acids have been identified, and only 10 have been found in the samples. According to the results, of the essential amino acids contained in the mulberry leaf, lysine contained the largest amount-63.89 mg/g. When the samples were compared, arginine, an essential amino acid not present in the leaves, was found in an amount of 0.008mg/g in silkworm waste. And also, silkworm waste can also be considered as a high-quality feed.
АНТОТАЦИЯ
Целью исследования было выявление аминокислот в отходах жизнедеятельности шелкопряда, питающегося листьями шелковицы. Качественный и количественный анализ аминокислот, содержащихся в листьях шелковицы и отходах шелкопряда, был исследован методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии. Было идентифицировано 18 типов аминокислот, и только 10 были обнаружены в образцах. Согласно результатам, из незаменимых аминокислот, содержащихся в листе шелковицы, лизин содержал наибольшее количество-63,89 мг/г. Когда образцы сравнивались, незаменимых аминокислот аргинин, не присутствующий в листьях, обнаруживался в количестве 0,008мг/г в отходах шелкопряда. А также, Отходы шелкопряда также можно рассматривать как высококачественный корм.
Keyword: mulberry leaves, silkworm waste, high-performance liquid chromatography, amino acids, lysine, arginine
Ключевые слова: листья шелковицы, отходы шелкопряда, высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография, аминокислоты, лизин, аргинин.
Introduction
As the economy of our republic and the standard of living of the population is improving, the need for various clothes made of natural silk is also increasing. Natural silk is woven into valuable, delicate fabrics, which are widely used in the aviation, cosmonautics,
medicine, radio engineering and other industries. Therefore, great attention is being paid to further development of silk production in our Republic. The homeland of modern silkworms is Southeast Asia.
In China, natural silk was produced more than 3000 years before our era. Central Asian sericulture was in-
Библиографическое описание: Saidakhmedova N.Yu., Azizxojaev Yu.A. DETERMINATION OF PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS IMPORTANT FOR THE BODY IN MULBERRY LEAVES AND SILKWORM WASTE // Universum: химия и биология : электрон. научн. журн. 2024. 1(127). URL: https://7universum.com/ru/nature/archive/item/18884
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troduced in the 4th century. But according to the investigations of the following years 132, it is confirmed that there was silk production in Movarounnahr from a very ancient time (before AD). The result of worm feeding is estimated based on the amount of leaf used to produce 1 kg of cocoons. On average, at least 12 kg of leaves are used to grow 1 kg of rilla.
To make the overall structure of an amino acid a bit simpler, it has one amino group, one carboxyl group, and has a neutral structure, but not all amino acids have this structure. At physiological pH (7.2-7.4), the amino group is protonated and has a positive charge, while the carboxyl group is deprotonated and has a negative charge [1].
The properties of the side chain determine the chemical nature of the amino acid (acidic, basic, polar, or nonpolar). For example, amino acids such as valine and leucine are nonpolar and hydrophobic, while amino acids serine and glutamine have hydrophilic side chains and are polar [2].
Amino acids such as lysine and arginine have positively charged side chains at physiological pH and are considered essential amino acids. (Although histidine is sometimes included in this group, it is mostly depro-tonated at physiological pH). Aspartate and glutamate are negatively charged and acidic at physiological pH.
The R groups of several amino acids have special properties, and this becomes evident when we consider protein structure [3].
The aim of the study was to identify amino acids in the waste products of a silkworm feeding on mulberry leaves.
январь, 2025 г.
Materials and methods
Necessary tools and reagents: high-performance liquid chromatograph (Yussch) Agilent 1260 II Infiniti device fluorescent (FLD) detector, Poroshel 120 EC-C-18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm x 4 цт) colon, standard samples of Aldrich amino acids (made in Germany), fa220 4N analytical scales, thermostat, magnetic stirround, centra-fuga, 0.45 ^m filter, sodium hydroxide solution, hydrochloric acid, sodium with dihydrophosphate solution, acetonitrile, methanol, water, flasks, pipettes, mortar handle.
The amino acids contained in the samples were identified using the YuSSX Agilent 1260 II Infiniti device fluorescent (FLD) detector of Agilent Technologies, USA (Agilent), based on standard samples from Sigma Aldrich Germany. The fixed phase Poroshel 120 EC-C-18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm x 4 ^m) US column was used. Pre-column derivation was carried out in automatic programmed mode. In the implementation of amino acid analysis, a - sodium dihydrophosphate solution (40 mM) with a pH of 7.8 and a mobile phase B -acetonitrile:methanol:water (45:45:10) were implemented on a variable regime[4].
Results and discussion
The obtained results are presented in the following table (Table 1).
Table 1.
Qualitative and quantitative composition of amino acids in mulberry leaves and silkworm waste
№ Name of indicators Mulberry leaf (mg/g) Silkworm waste (mg/g)
1. Leucine - -
2. Arginine - 0.008
3. Alanine 0.190 0.218
4. Phenylalanine 0.006 -
5. Histidine - -
6. Glycine 0.906 2.24
7. Glutamate - -
8. Glutamine - -
9. Insulation 0.142 0.076
10. Asparagine -
11. Lysine 63.89 8.78
12. Methionine - -
13. Pyrroline 1.76 3.64
14. Prokhladnyi 0.149 0.258
15. Trianin -
16. Tryptophan 0.067 0.064
17. Tyrosine 0.048 0.056
18. Valin 0.0264 0.0055
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январь, 2025 г.
Figure 1. Chromatogram of amino acid mulberry silkworm waste
FLD1 A, Ex=340, Em=450, TT (OOI-P1-A1 -Tul baigi.D)
~l-1-■-■-'-1-'-'-1-1-1-'-'-'-'-1-1-'-'-'-1-'-'-1-'-
6_10_IS_2D_2S_rail-
Figure 2. Chromatogram of amino acid mulberry leaves
18 different amino acids in mulberry leaves and silkworm waste were studied qualitatively and quantitatively. As a result, the amount of lysine in the leaf (63.89 mg/g) had the highest value. The leaf also contains valine, isolecine and tryptophan as non-essential amino acids. The content of amino acids such as pyr-roline, tyrosine, glycine and alanine in silkworm waste is higher than in leaves.
Silkworm waste also contains 0.008 mg/g of arginine (which is not found in leaves). Phenylalanine in the leaves was not found in waste. Both samples lacked the amino acids trianine, methionine, asparagine, glutamate, glutamine, leucine, and histidine [6].
Lysine is one of the essential amino acids and is the main component of the protein molecule. It helps improve immunity and fights viruses, especially the herpes virus. Lysine also participates in calcium metabolism in the body and protects against the development of osteoporosis. L-lysine prevents glucose metabolism disorders and the development of diabetes [7].
Conclusion
From the obtained results, we can conclude that the richness of proteins (amino acids) of mulberry leaves and silkworm waste allows them to be used as animal feed. It is an economically effective and economical feed raw material, that is, a secondary product.
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UNIVERSUM:
химия И биология
январь, 2025 г.
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