CC BY
0CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF REFORMS IN THE FIELD OF OWNERSHIP AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP AT A NEW STAGE OF THE
COUNTRY'S DEVELOPMENT
S. A. KHAMRAEV
This article discusses the specifics of the conceptual principles of reforms in the field of property and entrepreneurship at a new stage of the country's development. The socio-economic development strategy being implemented in Uzbekistan is attracting local and foreign investments and achieving strong development of the property sector by creating a favorable business and investment climate.
Keywords: conceptual, property, entrepreneurship, socio-economic mechanism, development, strategy, business acumen, human, investment, consumption, science and technology, consistent economic, legal and political reforms.
В статье рассматривается специфика концептуальных принципов реформ в сфере собственности и предпринимательства на новом этапе развития страны. Реализуемая в Узбекистане стратегия социально-экономического развития заключается в привлечении местных и иностранных инвестиций и достижении устойчивого развития сектора собственности путем создания благоприятного делового и инвестиционного климата.
Ключевые слова: концептуальный, собственность,
предпринимательство, социально-экономический механизм, развитие, стратегия, деловая хватка, человек, инвестиции, потребление, наука и технологии, последовательные экономические, правовые и политические реформы.
INTRODUCTION
The processes taking place in the economic sphere in our country in recent years once again demonstrate that reforms in the field of ownership and entrepreneurship are deepening. At the same time, a number of changes are being implemented in this area to diversify the economy, especially to fully realize the potential of owners and entrepreneurs.
Samarkand Institute of Economics and service,
Associate professor Е-mаil: sirоjbеk84@mаil. ru
АННОТАЦИЯ
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At the same time, the current practice in this regard indicates the need to pay special attention to such important principles as expanding public-private cooperation with owners and entrepreneurs, strengthening institutions representing ownership and entrepreneurship entities, expanding the opportunities for owners and entrepreneurs to enter foreign markets, improving the competitive environment in the field of ownership and entrepreneurship, and developing business cooperation between ownership and entrepreneurship entities.
The effective and systematic organization of the process of implementing these principles is one of the most important issues for the further development of ownership and entrepreneurship in the modernizing Uzbekistan. This requires the implementation of measures aimed at specific goals, ranging from macroeconomic policy to a wide range of tasks related to the citizens of Uzbekistan, especially owners and entrepreneurs.
Therefore, the implementation of principles that serve the development of this sphere and the creation of favorable conditions for the institutional changes necessary for this area have become one of the most important strategic tasks today.
Among these tasks, undoubtedly, the principles of expanding public-private cooperation with owners and entrepreneurs, strengthening institutions representing ownership and entrepreneurial entities require special attention. Because, in our country, which is implementing fundamental reforms in all areas, it is very important to create a favorable business environment, establish mutual relations between owners and entrepreneurs and state bodies, support their activities, organize access to the network during the crisis, and regulate relations between the state and the private sector.
In the world, there are various institutions such as business associations, chambers of commerce and industry, employers' organizations, which are established to support the activities of business structures, establish relations between the private sector and the state, and resolve issues that concern the private sector.
Currently, Uzbekistan has all 3 types of institutions mentioned above. The Chamber of Commerce and Industry, business associations, and employers' associations operate in Uzbekistan. However, their current activities are not sufficient to build a strong working bridge between entrepreneurs and the state. The activities of business associations, which operate legally as non-governmental non-profit organizations, cannot serve the development of entrepreneurship as desired. Thus, there are problems in this area such as the financial stability of associations, registration as non-governmental non-profit organizations, the inability of most of
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them to protect the interests of their members and fulfill the expected role in terms of public-private partnership, and the low level of trust of entrepreneurs in associations.
Employers' organizations are institutions that represent the labor and socioeconomic rights and interests of their members. The main purpose of establishing these associations is to regulate the labor activities of citizens in the country where they are located, to protect their social status, including labor, socio-economic rights and legitimate interests. However, the level of cooperation of employers' associations operating in Uzbekistan with property and business entities is insufficient for today's requirements.
If in public-private partnership the main goal of the state is to accurately assess the real state of business, then the goal of the private sector is to draw the state's attention to existing problems and try to improve the business environment by improving the business environment.
Therefore, in order to strengthen the partnership between the state and the private sector with property and entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan, first of all, the existing legislative framework should be analyzed and amendments should be made to improve it. These reforms mainly cover the legal status of institutions representing entrepreneurs, the opportunities for them to express their interests, the establishment of a constructive dialogue between the state and the private sector, and other related issues.
First of all, the establishment of business associations in areas of strategic importance for Uzbekistan is encouraged. Mechanisms for the establishment of associations and ensuring their financial stability are being developed, and appropriate measures are being taken to strengthen the confidence of entrepreneurs in the advantages of these associations.
As a result of the implementation of this priority area, further progressive steps will be taken in the field of regulating relations between the state and the private sector, and public-private partnership in Uzbekistan will enter a new stage. As a result of improving legislation, the legal framework for public-private partnership will be better ensured.
To ensure the targeting of reforms that directly affect their development in Uzbekistan, "criteria for large, medium and small businesses" have been established. The criteria recognize medium-sized enterprises using turnover criteria adapted to current tax standards, as well as employment criteria that increase internal and external compliance.
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The classification of small and medium-sized businesses based on different criteria and the use of different approaches in state institutions negatively affect the targeting of reforms and the quality of statistical data in this area.
The availability of reliable and comprehensive statistical data is one of the important factors for a deeper analysis of the economic situation, more reliable forecasts, and the development of development plans and programs.
A special expert group should be formed to develop this area and recommendations should be prepared as soon as possible to improve the state statistical system related to small and medium-sized businesses.
Ensuring targeted state support for property and entrepreneurship, studying the impact of reforms in this area on the real sector is one of the important steps.
Today, the number of financial products offered by banks in Uzbekistan in connection with the financing of international trade operations is limited. Some banks generally do not offer services such as documentary letters of credit, international bank guarantees, international factoring. As a result, property and business entities lack funds for the effective implementation of international trade operations, especially export operations.
By improving the types and quality of services used in financing international trade, banks can significantly increase entrepreneurs' income from international operations.
It is important to identify the most important problems faced by property owners and entrepreneurs in carrying out international trade operations, prepare reports on measures taken to solve these problems, and for this, use the experience of successful countries in this field, as well as a database.
Today, practical assistance is being provided to improve the compliance of exported products with relevant standards and requirements by property and business entities.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
At the same time, the opportunities created on the basis of various intergovernmental agreements and partnership agreements are being promoted more widely among small and medium-sized enterprises, ensuring their proper use of existing opportunities. Relevant state bodies and property and business entities are allocating assistance by region based on a number of criteria - strategic importance for the country, competitiveness, economic value, and other criteria.
In order to increase the competitiveness of property and business entities, a transitional period has been provided to business entities in this area for the introduction of new technical regulations. During this period, manufacturers will
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gradually implement new requirements for their production processes, and during this time, existing standards will remain in force. During the voluntary implementation period, manufacturers will receive regular training, as well as free training and consulting services to help them understand and apply the requirements of the new technical regulations. Grants and soft loans will be considered for manufacturers implementing the new technical regulations. This will encourage the production of safe and quality products in the country.
ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE ON THE SUBJECT
In Uzbekistan, special attention is paid to attracting foreign direct investment in property and entrepreneurship, mechanisms and opportunities for attracting investments are being established. For this purpose, efforts are being made to organize direct meetings of small and medium-sized businesses with potential investment sources and companies. In the field of attracting foreign investment and new technologies, issues of property and entrepreneurship are being systematically studied, and assistance is provided in conducting market research, preparing business plans, and using statistical data. As part of supporting the attraction of foreign direct investment in property and entrepreneurship, the experience and potential of local and foreign organizations operating in this area are being used.
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
Regardless of the size of the current stage of the Uzbek economy, the need to develop all forms of ownership and entrepreneurship has become a modern requirement. Studies show that the development of ownership and entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan is more consistent with the nature and characteristics of the national economy. Because the development of this sector requires less capital and adapts more quickly to the market environment. Even in the event of bankruptcy of individual entrepreneurs, it is not difficult to establish new enterprises.
The economic and social environment created in the country affects ownership and entrepreneurship, their effective activity. In this regard, regardless of how common ownership and entrepreneurial relations are formed in the republic, the approval of this legal environment, regulatory and legal acts and other socioeconomic and legal standards and their implementation have been significantly accelerated.
The role of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs in the ownership and entrepreneurship system is significant in creating a favorable environment, developing a competitive environment, accelerating the creation of new jobs, and ensuring the expansion of the consumer sector. The importance of this is that the ability to quickly adapt to the local economic sphere, the great freedom of ownership
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and entrepreneurship, the rapid and efficient implementation of decisions made during the period of economic activity and the cost of production, the ability of a person to implement his own ideas and thoughts, the ability to quickly change the form and quality of products in accordance with the needs of consumers with opportunities, etc. are the advantages of this area.
It is necessary to ensure the development of promising areas of property and entrepreneurship, direct the state program and management to the development of these areas, ensure timely protection of the rights and interests of property and entrepreneurship entities, finalize the legislative framework, adopt new laws and regulatory documents, and further improve the mechanism for implementing tax incentives for these areas in connection with the development of priority areas of property and entrepreneurship.
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