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78
COMMUNICATIVE METHOD OF TEACHING FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
1 2 Yuldasheva Z.F. , Aminova Z.R.
1Yuldasheva Zarnigor Farxadovna - English teacher; 2Aminova Zarina Raimovna -English teacher, SCHOOL № 28,
GIZHDUVANSKYDISTRICT, BUKHARA REGION, THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article is about the communicative method of teaching foreign languages. Communicative teaching of foreign languages has recently become a generally accepted standard in pedagogical practice. Initially, the communicative technique included group exercises with a native speaker. From the first lesson, the training was conducted in English, and even students with a zero level began to speak this language already in the first lesson, having mastered a couple of dozen phrases.
Keywords: communicative approach, training, education, foreign language.
Communicative teaching of foreign languages has recently become a generally accepted standard in pedagogical practice. The origin of this trend in the mid-70s is considered as a kind of protest of the traditional, so-called grammar-translation method of teaching foreign languages, which was based mainly on translations, studying grammatical material, memorization, phonetics (pronunciation) and formed translation and reading skills. As a result, students, although possessing substantial knowledge and skills, experienced difficulty in speaking. The main task of the innovative communicative approach is to help the student get rid of the notorious language barrier and learn to speak correctly and fluently.
Initially, the communicative technique involved group exercises with a native speaker. From the first lesson, training was conducted in English, and even students with a zero level began to speak this language already in the first lesson, mastering a couple of dozen phrases. This allowed you to quickly get used to the sound of speech, prevented the appearance or eliminated the language barrier. Later, the approach was transformed and underwent some changes, but its fundamental principles remained. Now it is used both in a group and in individual lessons.[1]
The teacher goes through three stages of learning with the student: engagement (engagement), study (study) and activation (activation - use). At the engagement stage, the teacher involves the student in the learning process: initiates a fascinating discussion, suggests discussing something, etc. At the stage of study, the student is explained the grammatical topic and the use of new words and expressions, that is, they are working on expanding the vocabulary and mastering the grammar. At the stage of activation of knowledge, the student performs various exercises to consolidate the new grammar and words.[2]
Consider the basic principles, goals and objectives of this technique.
1. The communicative approach teaches to speak competently (accuracy). The correctness of speech is the main skill; a communicative technique works on its improvement. As a rule, the language barrier often develops because the student is afraid to make a mistake in the conversation. The communicative approach removes not only the language, but also the psychological barrier. Since about 70% of the lesson's time is devoted to the development of colloquial speech, students lose their fear of speaking English.
2. The Communicative approach teaches you to quickly formulate your thoughts and speak fluency. The teacher builds dialogues and conversations in such a way that students are interested in answering questions and expressing their point of view. Students are given many established colloquial phrases, cliches and turns, which subsequently allow you to build a logically connected, correct and fluent speech.
3. A communicative approach forms the skill of perception and understanding of English speech. During the lesson, during a conversation with the teacher, students are given the opportunity to listen to how natural coherent speech sounds. In addition, authentic audio and
video materials are used as a basis for discussion, which in general helps to quickly get used to the sound of the English language and easier to understand aurally.
4. The communicative technique teaches students not to translate their thoughts from Uzbek or Russian into English, but to be able to spontaneously speak on various topics, since 90-100% of the lesson is taught in the language being studied. Sometimes exceptions are made for those who are just starting to learn English "from scratch" and the complex nuances are explained in Uzbek or Russian. However, beginners from the first lesson acquire dozens of other important phrases in English and soon cease to mentally translate Russian phrases into English and vice versa and build a sentence in English, which significantly speeds up and facilitates the learning process. It should be noted that the communicative approach involves the study of words in context. It is important to understand what the word means and how to use it.
5. The communicative technique assumes a very correct and simple principle of studying grammatical constructions and new words for communication without the so-called "cramming". This or that rule is explained, a certain set of new words is given, then the participants practice them in practice, through repeated practical application, bringing the skill of use to automatism. The teacher chooses an interesting topic, during the discussion of which students will necessarily use the new design and conversation vocabulary. For example, a teacher presents a revolution. There is \ there are a certain set of words related to this construction.
The instructor demonstrates many affirmative, negative, and interrogative sample sentences, asking participants what is relevant to real life. For example, about the contents of the audience, their own rooms, apartments, etc. Then, the participants themselves learn to ask each other questions and answer them using new material. That is, grammar and vocabulary are not the main object of study, but are used as supporting material and learn automatically.
6. A great advantage of the communicative technique is that when training, only authentic modern texts, video and audio materials are used, which allows students to learn to read modern texts, watch their favorite films, listen to their favorite songs in English in the original, without any difficulty understanding them. Since most of the vocabulary, important speech cliches, various constructions and turns will be familiar to them, which also helps to learn to write correctly and beautifully.
7. A communicative technique helps to develop the correct English pronunciation. Lessons include various exercises to practice these or those sounds, speaking different tongue twisters. The fact that you need to talk a lot in class, as a rule, repeating the same words repeatedly, gradually accustoms you to pronounce sounds more accurately and achieve the correct sound.
8. The communicative methodology offers for studying a wide variety of topics that are interesting, relevant and definitely useful when communicating in the modern world. Moreover, the subject matter of the materials is selected taking into account the interests, needs and goals of the students. And the use of various auxiliary materials helps to diversify the classes and strengthen the knowledge gained, which in general makes the learning process using the communicative technique fascinating and effective.
References
1. Passov E.I. Communicative method of teaching foreign language speaking. M.:
Education, 1991, 223 p.
2. Surzhenko O.Yu. Communicative technique against the traditional method of teaching a
foreign language // Pedagogy: traditions and innovations: materials of the VI
international. scientific conf. Chelyabinsk, 2015, 162 c.
