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Cliniс-biological features of alcoholism in patients with deviant behavior
affected. Level on the average made 191.5 ± 5.8 g/l, erythrocytes — 5.9 ± 0.2 mln. And leukocytes — 14.4 ± 0.6 thousand, in newborns with LW lower — 165.9 ± 3.9 g/l, 5.8 ± 0.4 mln. and 13.7 ± 0.8 thousand, respectively. In 12 children from 20 constituting this group, there was a decrease in the level hemoglobin in the blood, i. e. anemia (60 %).
In the study of the ME content special attention is paid parameters of iron and calcium. The study of iron in the cord blood in the studied groups of newborns with NW reveals that in normal umbilical cord blood contains an average of 98.66 ± 0.62 g/ml of iron, in the amniotic fluid, the figure was 97.51 ± 0.62 g/ml.
Maximum values up to 139.35 g/ml reaches the Fe content of umbilical cord blood in children with LW under the influence of the regular admission ICP mothers with anemia, as opposed to the lower content of amniotic fluid — 82.09 ± 0.50 g/ml. The highest rates of Fe in the cord blood, and conversely the lowest in the amniotic fluid in children with LW from mothers with anemia who received ICP.
Analyzing the average calcium content of the umbilical cord blood of newborns in the study group with NW from mothers without anemia, found that its content is 55.37 ± 0.50 g/ml, in the amniotic fluid 58.87 ± 0.53 g/ml. In the group of newborns with LBW from mothers with anemia with receiving ICP content of Ca in cord blood expectedly low, and is 42.23 ± 0.35 g/ml, in the amniotic fluid 77.17 ± 0.60 g/ml, indicating that Ca excretion into the amniotic fluid.
The studies revealed pathological distribution of iron on the background of anemia and low birth weight, which indicates the
failure of adaptive and compensatory mechanisms of the body ofMother and Child by pharmacological "support" of iron, which is for the whole group research the disastrous mistake in respect of iron homeostasis in the system "mother-placenta-fetus". It is this feature of the conduct of mothers with anemia and LBW presence of the fetus necessary to consider doctors in own practice that will benefit undeniable practical health.
The results of our research and analysis of the literature suggest that the iron ions are able to reduce the level of calcium absorption. The possibility of such interactions are most relevant and should be considered in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia and calcium deficiency states, particularly in high-risk groups (children, pregnant women, the elderly). Based on these studies should be noted that the deficit or imbalance ME mothers and newborns is a common cause of intrauterine fetal growth retardation, anemia and disorders adaptation of the newborn in the early neonatal period.
Conclusion. Thus, between the ME exists some interaction, wherein the individual ME with respect to each other and to the metabolic processes come as synergists or antagonists. Studies have also proved some interaction between some of the ME. A competent separation of vitamin and mineral components, as well as the use time of reception is a prerequisite for efficiency of their application. In this case it is convenient to use vitamin and mineral complexes that provide separate intake of iron and calcium.
References:
1. Abaturov A. E. The microelement balance and anti-infective protection in children//Child Health. - 2008. - № 1(10). - P. 47-50.
2. Akhmedova D. I., Rakhimdjanov Sh. A. The growth and development of children. Methodical recommendation. - Tashkent, 2006.
3. Saygitov Z. T. Micronutrients and physical development of children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies//Current Pediatrics. - 2008. - № 3. - P. 58-65.
4. Sidorova I. S. Risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation in terms of evidence-based medicine/I. S. Sidorova, E. I. Borovkova, I. V. Martinova//[Electronic resource]. - Available from: http://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=30721477 (May 20, 2006).
5. Arredondo M., Martinez R., Nunez M. T. et al. Inhibition of iron and copper uptake by iron, copper and zinc//Biol. Res. - 2006. - 39: 95-102.
6. Cavill I., Auerbach M., Bailie G. R. et al. Iron and the anaemia of chronic disease: a review and strategic recommendations//Curr. Med. Res. Opin. - 2006. - Vol. 22, № 4. - P. 731-737.
7. Guinote I., Fleming R., Silva R. et al. Using skin to assess iron accumulation in human metabolic disorders//Ion Beam Analysis. -2006. - 249: 697-701.
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Ashurov Zarifjon Sharifovich, Ph.D, associate professor, Head of the Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Tashkent Medical Academy
E-mail: [email protected]
Cliniс-bioloдical features of alcoholism in patients with deviant behavior
Аbstract: We studied the clinical features of alcohol dependence in patients with behavioral disturbance and psychological conditions that contribute to their formation. The study involved 200 patients with alcoholism with deviant behavior and without any indications of behavioral disorders. The results may indicate that the presence of premorbid comorbidity, family history, and personality characteristics have an important influence on the formation of alcohol dependence and the presence of deviant behavior in these patients.
Keywords: alcoholism, deviant behavior, genetic predisposition, personality disorder.
In the analysis ofEnglish literature quite often possible to meet opinion that patients with alcohol dependence comorbid with personality disorders have a low level of social functioning, low motivation for treatment, a high risk of relapse addiction, and hence the poor results of treatment [1; 3; 4; 6; 7].
It is known that in recent years more and more interest takes the study of deviant behavior, which is widely covered in the foreign literature [2; 5].
The objective is to study clinical features of alcohol dependence in patients with deviant behavior.
Section 4. Medical science
Materials and methods: In accordance with the object and purpose all the patients were divided into two comparison groups: main group (MG) — with deviant behavior (150 persons) and a control group (CG) — with no signs of deviant behavior (50 people).
Comparative analysis was carried out regarding the features of the development and course of alcohol dependence, family history, and qualitative analysis of the studied contingent in the context of their personal typology in the two groups.
Results of the research. The most commonly in patients of MG revealed signs of emotional instability (24.0 %), dissocial (28.0 %), dependent (18.0 %), personality types, in patients with CG met most alarming (22.0 %) and anancast personality types (14.0 %). This distribution shows that about 1/3 of the patients had signs of comorbid disease, that means that they combined 2 diseases — alcohol dependence and personality disorder.
32 % of patients in the control group did not reveal any accentuation or personality disorders.
A comparative analysis of the frequencies of occurrence of different personality types in the groups with MG and KG were found statistically significant differences. Emotionally unstable, antisocial and dependent personality types are often detected in patients with alcohol dependence with deviant behavior (MG), while anxious types and anancastic longer met in patients with alcohol dependence without deviant behavior (KG).
For detection of the frequency of occurrence of various types and levels of operation of the individual patients comparative analysis of the two groups was conducted.
Patients with emotionally unstable personality type distinguished by a reduced ability to volitional regulation of their actions, the lack of it commitment in behavior, rapid change and inconsistency of the interests and hobbies. They prefer to have more friends that are more "authoritative" than themselves, they obeyed them,
they easily fall under the influence of the environment. Implementation of their desires, motivations and aspirations are not determined by internal target but with random and external circumstances.
Most often dissocial personality type patients differed callous indifference to the feelings of others; gross and persistent attitude of irresponsibility and disregard for social rules; inability to maintain relationships in the absence of difficulties in their establishment; pronounced tendency to blame others and the inability to feel guilt and benefit from life experience, particularly punishment.
Dependent personality is characterized by: the desire to pass on to other important decisions in their lives; submission to their own needs to the needs of others; unwillingness to make demands of people from whom the individual is dependent; discomfort or helplessness alone; the fear of being abandoned by the person with whom there is a close connection; limited ability to make decisions without encouragement from others.
Anxious personality distinguished: permanent general feeling of tension and heavy forebodings; perceptions of their social and personal failure unattractiveness; increased concern criticism in his address; reluctance to enter into a relationship without no guarantees to be liked; avoidance of social activities associated with significant interpersonal contact and high sensitivity with respect to criticism.
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is characterized by: excessive tendency to doubt and caution; concern about details; excessive diligence and thoroughness; pedantry and increased commitment to social conventions; rigidity and stubbornness; unreasonable insistence that others are doing exactly as he does, and the emergence of persistent and unwanted thoughts and impulses.
Thus, almost 30 % of the patients had evidence of the alcohol dependence and personality disorders, whereas this figure occurs only in 10 % of patients with CG. Indicators of family history are displayed in Table 1.
Table 1. - Comparative analysis of the clinical features of alcohol dependence in patients (n = 200)
Indicators MG (n = 150) CG (n = 50) p
Abs. % Abs. %
Father alcoholism 65 43.3 5 10.0 > 0.05
Family history Alcoholism of 2 parents 19 12.5 1 2.0 > 0.05
Alcoholism and drug addiction in relatives 32 21.3 3 6.0 > 0.05
Mental illness in relatives 38 25.3 5 10.0 > 0.05
The age of onset of use of alcohol 16 years 74 49.3 4 8.0 > 0.05
16-20 years 58 38.6 8 16.0 < 0.01
after 20 years 18 12.0 38 76.0 < 0.05
The age of onset of alcohol abuse 20 years 48 32.0 4 8.0 < 0.001
20-25 years 73 48.7 21 42.0 > 0.05
After 25 years 29 19.3 25 50.0 < 0.001
Age of generating 20 years 40 26.7 0 0 < 0.001
of alcohol with- 20-25 82 54.7 2 4.0 < 0.001
drawal syndrome after 25 years 28 18.7 48 96.0 < 0.001
Aggression in state of intoxication 88 58.7 8 16.0 < 0.001
Aggression in sober state 62 41.3 0 0 < 0.001
The tolerance of less than 500 25 16.7 9 18.0 > 0.05
the organism to al- 500-750 73 48.7 32 64.0 > 0.05
cohol (ml/day) 1000 and more 52 34.7 9 18.0 < 0.01
The use of alcohol surrogate 31 20.7 2 4.0 < 0.001
Systematic abuse of alcohol 14 9.3 22 44.0 < 0.001
Drunken form of alcohol abuse 110 73.3 18 36.0 < 0.001
Paroxysmal disorders in AWS 24 16.0 1 2.0 < 0.001
Alcoholic psychosis in the anamnesis 26 17.3 3 6.0 < 0.05
Poisoning with alcohol 12 8.0 0 0 < 0.001
A significant loss of weight after binge 58 38.7 7 14.0 < 0.001
Therapeutic remission disruption 71 47.3 12 24.0 < 0.01
Experience of the optimum exposition of enterosgel establishment for treatment of the periodontal disease at patients.
It was found that family history of substance dependence and mental disorders may contribute to alcohol abuse and deviation of the patient.
Conclusion. Thus, the above results of the comparative analysis of the clinical features of alcohol dependence demon-
strates that patients with behavioral problems have earlier and rapid development of alcohol dependence, as well as the more malignant it over, accompanied by a variety of complications and were more frequent and faster breakdowns of therapeutic remission.
References:
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5. Blum K., Braverman E. R. Reward deficiency syndrome: A biogenetic model for the diagnosis and treatment of impulsive, addictive, and compulsive behaviors//J. Psychoactive Drugs. - 2003. - Vol. 32. - P. 1-112.
6. Paul R. and Cheadle Jacob E. Parental Divorce, Marital Conflict and Children's Behavior Problems: A Comparison of Adopted and Biological Children//Social Forces. - 2008. - Vol. 85, № 3. - P. 1141-1161.
7. Grace M. and Farrell Michael P. Parental Support and Control as Predictor of Adolescent Drinking, Delinquency, and Related Problem Behaviors//Journal of Marriage and Family. - 1992. - Vol. 54, № 4. - P. 763-776.
Daminova Nargiza Ravshanovna, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Dentist at the clinic of Tashkent State Dental Institute E-mail: [email protected]
Kamilov Khaydar Pozilovich, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Head of Department of Hospital Therapeutic Dentistry, Professor, PhD E-mail: [email protected]
Sadikov Abdushukur Abdujamilevich, Rector of Andijan Medical Academy, PhD E-mail: [email protected]
Experience of the optimum exposition of enterosgel establishment for treatment of the periodontal disease at patients with vesicular disease
Abstract: Based on clinical studies it was found that the optimum mode enterosgelya exposure to the area affected by periodontal pockets is 2 hours. During this period it was observed decrease in the total microbial contamination gingival fluid in more than 25,000 times; restores the balance of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms.
Keywords: Enterosgel, periodontal disease, vesicular disease, gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms.
From the clinical point of view vesicular disease belongs to difficult multifactorial diseases and is bound to development and persistence of processes of endogenic intoxication which is shown by essential augmentation in a blood of molecules of average weight and activation of proteolytic processes [4, 22-25; 6, 28].
It is known that emergence and advance of a periodontal disease is caused by activation of constantly present microorganisms, development of clinically defined inflammatory reaction which appointment consists in neutralizing the toxins and enzymes blasting tissues is a consequence of that, and also to destroy and microbial cells.
At synchronization of an inflammation in tissues in a large number the substances which are initially protecting, and as a result actively striking these tissues accumulate. Accumulation of the toxins formed by infectious agents aggravates metabolic disorders, leads to development of various pathological states. As a result in liquid of the parodontal pockets (PP) and other biological
liquids (stomatic liquid, a blood) products of a destruction of tissues collect, causing intoxication syndrome. Among bonds of this sort the important role belongs to middlemolecular peptides (MP) [2, 52-54; 5, 22].
In complex treatment of generalized periodontitis (GP) as an agent of detoxication therapy the sorbent of "Enterosgel" is widely applied. Enterosgel — a silicon organic compound — is made by JSC Silma (Russia). It is used inside, in a dose of 15 g. 2-3 times a day between meals, washing down with a glass of water. It is shown that reception of enterosgel in the specified dosage leads to depression at sick with GP of symptoms and indicators of endogenic intoxication [3, 22-25].
It is obvious that local application of sorbents for treatment of diseases of a parodont especially significantly at patients with vasicular disease at whom endogenic intoxication is one of the main pathogenetic mechanisms of development of a basic disease.
