CC BY
43
ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЕ НАУЧНОЙ РАБОТЫ
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF NOUN PHRASES IN MODERN ENGLISH
Tursunboyev Bektosh Norbutayevich, Kholmuminov Ilkhom Abdukhalilovich, Karshi State University, Karshi, Republic of Uzbekistan
E-mail: jamolbek14mail.ru
ОСОБЕННОСТИ СУБСТАНТИВНЫХ СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЙ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ
Турсунбоев Бектош Норбутаевич, Xолмуминов Илxом Абдухалилович, Каршинский государственный университет, г. Карши, Республика Узбекистан
Abstract. The article is devoted to the problems of Noun Phrases in Modern English. The ways of constructing of Complex Noun Phrases in the process of building sentences are analyzed. The relationships between components in the structure of Noun Phrases are defined.
Key words: noun phrases, component, modification, head noun, basic, central element, complex, sentence, exemplify.
Аннотация. Статья посвящена проблемам субстантивных словосочетаний в современном английском языке. Анализируются способы построения сложных субстантивных словосочетаний в процессе построения предложений. Определены отношения между компонентами в структуре субстантивных словосочетаний.
Ключевые слова: субстантивные словосочетания, компонент, модификация, головное существительное, базовый, центральный элемент, комплекс, предложение, пример.
ВЕСТНИК НАУКИ И ТВОРЧЕСТВА
Complex noun phrases contain three components: pre- modification, head noun and post-modification. We are to deal with these components in turn.
Like in the basic noun phrase, the head noun, first of all, is the central element and core component of the complex and phrase. It may be count or mass noun which dictates concord and ( for the most part) other kinds of congruence worth the rest of the sentence outside the noun phrase. This is exemplified in:
The only girl in this class is hardworking.
All of the beautiful girls in my class are kind.
Also, when the genitive is as pre-modification, the head nouns can be omitted:
We met at the dentist's last week.
The second component of a complex noun phrase is pre-modification, also called pre- modifiers, including modifiers that stand before the head noun. Pre-modifiers can be closed-system and /or open-class items. Closed-system pre-modifiers are discussed in the structure of the basic noun phrases above. These items are optional in the complex noun phrases. Meanwhile, open-class pre-modifiers come after the closed -system ones and precede the head noun as in:
Pre-modifying adjectives can be those denoting general description (beautiful, intelligent, good, etc.); age (young, old, etc.); size (big, small, etc.); shape (square, round, etc.); colour (red, blue, etc.); material (silk). This adjectives can be intensifying ones which have a heightening effect on the noun they modify or the reserve, a lowering effect, e.g. real ( a real herd), definite (a definite loss), complete (a complete fool) and close (a close friend). These adjectives are generally attribute only.
Restrictive adjectives, another class of pre-modifying adjectives, restrict the reference of the noun exclusively, particularly or chiefly, e.g.: certain (a certain person), exact (the exact answer), only (the only occasion) and very (the very man). Like intensifying adjectives, the restrictive ones are attribute only.
However, there are a number of adjectives which cannot pre-modify the head, but can be predicative such as: faint, ill, well, able, afraid, etc. Not only are the head nouns pre-modified but modifying adjectives can also be, especially when they are the first items after the determiner. In this case, it can be pre-modified in the predicative position.
Apart from pre-modifying adjectives, the head nouns of the complex noun phrases can be pre-modified by particles, either present or past, e.g.: an approaching man (present participle), the badly injured dog (past participle), etc. [4: 263].
The head noun can also be pre-modified by genitives, e.g.: these qualified doctors salaries, these doctors' high salaries etc; group genitives as in the: teacher of English's salary, an hour and a half's discussion, etc.; or other nouns as in: the city council, a love story, etc.
ВЕСТНИК НАУКИ И ТВОРЧЕСТВА
Another class of pre-modifiers is the type of demonical adjective often meaning " consisting of, involving", or "relating to". These items must come next before the head and can be preceded by a wide range of pre-modifying items, e.g.: the pleasant social life, a city political problem, etc.
Finally there are various classes of pre-modification, both closed-system and open -class. Therefore, when the complex noun phrases consist of different classes of pre-modifiers, they may be placed in a relevant order. The acceptable order of pre-modifiers in a complex noun phrase is as follows.
The third important component of complex noun phrase is postmodification, called post-modifiers, comprising all the items placed after the head. These post-modifiers are mainly realized by prepositional phrases, finite clauses (or relative clauses), nonfinite clauses, adjective phrases, noun phrases or adverbial phrases.
References:
1. Fries Ch. The Structure of English. London, 1951. - P. 24.
2. Hill A.A. Introduction to Linguistic Structures from Sound to Sentence in English. N.Y., 1958. - P. 480
3. Ilish B.A "The structure of Modern English", Moscow, 1965. - P. 416.
4. Swan M. "Practical English usage", Oxford, 1980. - P. 345.
»
49
