CC BY
0
№ 2(131)
февраль, 2025 г.
DOI: 10.32743/UniTech.2025.131.2.19369
ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD-POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON LOCAL RECYLED MATERIALS
AND POLYPROPYLENE
Kodir Khashimov
Doctoral student,
Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov
Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Sunnatilla Aliev
PhD,
Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov,
Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Bekmurodjon Rakhimjonov
associate professor (PhD), Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov,
Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Elmurod Egamberdiev
Doctor of Technical Sciences (DSc), Professor Tashkent State Technical University named after Islam Karimov,
Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent E-mail: [email protected]
АНАЛИЗ ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ ДРЕВЕСНО-ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ НА ОСНОВЕ МЕСТНЫХ ОТХОДОВ
И ПОЛИПРОПИЛЕНА
Хашимов Кодир
докторант,
Ташкентский государственный технический университет имени Ислама Каримова,
Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент
Алиев Суннатилла Салимджанович
PhD,
Ташкентский государственный технический университет имени Ислама Каримова,
Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент
Рахимжонов Бекмуроджон Бахтиёржон угли
доцент (PhD),
Ташкентский государственный технический университет имени Ислама, Каримова,
Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент
Элмурод А. Эгамбердиев
д-р техн. наук (DSc), профессор, Ташкентский государственный технический университет имени Ислама Каримова,
Республика Узбекистан, г. Ташкент
ABSTRACT
The scientific significance of the results of this study is that a scientific basis has been created for the relationship between the physical, chemical and structural properties of wood-polymer composite materials obtained from various wastes of local wood species and polypropylene, local and Chinese production, and the quality indicators of the products
Библиографическое описание: ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD-POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON LOCAL WOOD SPECIES AND POLYPROPYLENE // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. Khashimov K. [и др.]. 2025. 2(131). URL:
https://7universum.com/ru/tech/archive/item/19369
Л A UNIVERSUM:
№2(13П_ЛД ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ_Февраль. 2025 г.
included in the composition. When studying the physical and mechanical properties of WPC materials based on the requirements of operational directions, it was proven that the change in strength properties and durability of the material is characterized by climatic conditions. Based on local raw materials, wood-polymer composite materials have been obtained, the resulting materials are used as the main raw material instead of wood products in construction and decorative materials in facade work. It is recommended to use as a plank panel for terraces and formwork for concrete foundations during construction.
АННОТАЦИЯ
Научное значение результатов данного исследования заключается в том, что создана научная основа взаимосвязи физико-химических и структурных свойств древесно-полимерных композиционных материалов, полученных из различных отходов древесины местных пород и полипропилена, местного и китайского производства и показателей качества изделий, входящих в состав. При изучении физико-механических свойств ДПК материалов исходя требованием эксплуатационных направление доказано изменение прочности свойств и долговечность материала зависит от климатических условий. На основе местного сырья получены древесно-полимерные композиционные материалы, полученные материалы используются в качестве основного сырья на место древесных изделий в строительстве и декоративных материалы на фасадных дел. Рекомендуется использовать в качестве дощатой панели для террас и опалубки для бетонных фундаментов в процессе строительства.
Keywords: WPC materials, local wood species, water absorption, swelling, temperature.
Ключевые слова: ДПК материалы, порода местных древесины, водопоглощение, набухания, температура.
Introduction. Wood-polymer composite (WPC) consists of 40-60 % wood flour, in which polymers act as binding elements. WPC decking is produced by extrusion, in which the raw material is passed through a forming hole. Due to this composition, WPC decking has better properties than wood. It is not subject to rotting and temperature deformation, is a non-flammable material and does not require any maintenance other than standard washing. The production of wood-polymer composite products began in the late 70s of the 20th centuries. The first specialized enterprise for the production of WPC appeared in Sweden in 1977. At that time, about 30 % of crushed sawdust was added to the PVC-based mixture to reduce the final cost of the products. The first experience was not very successful - the demand for the new material was insignificant, and the wear of the technological equipment was high. Only in the 1990s, essentially simultaneously, in Finland, Sweden, Germany, Italy, Holland, Japan and the USA, developments in the field of WPC creation were resumed. The demand for wood-polymer composites was caused by the need for high-strength parts for the automobile industry. Since the mid-90s of the last century, there has been an expansion of the areas of application of WPC, which have become in demand in the construction industry.
Methods and materials. The following are used in the production of wood polymer composites:
1. Wood flour - finely ground wood, this is the main filler for wood-polymer composite. Flour from different types of wood is used - most often these are coniferous trees, since they have a higher resin content, which has a positive effect on the quality of the finished product.
2. Thermoplastic polymer - a binder that, when melted, envelops particles of wood flour, connects them together and prevents moisture absorption. Three types of polymer are used for production: low-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP). All these polymers are widely used in everyday life, so they are absolutely safe for humans and animals.
3. Dyes and stabilizers - substances that impart color and stability to wood-polymer composites when exposed to ultraviolet light.
4. Antioxidants, antimicrobial agents, biocides and other additives are also used and added to the recipe to improve the properties and durability of the decking.
Wood flour is obtained from waste wood processing industry. The moisture content of wood flour should be less than 12 %. Flour is obtained from waste using special mills.
Results and discussion. In our studies on the properties of wood-polymer composites produced in Tashkent and China. Water absorption and swelling of composites was carried out according to the norms and methods of GOST 9590-76. For this, we prepared samples of 5 cm rectangular size. The properties of water absorption and swelling of samples were carried out on boiling water by first grinding the surface of the samples. Then, to achieve absolute drying of the samples, the drying chamber was set at a temperature of 105°C for 1 hour and then cooled to 20°C on an excavator. Water absorption of samples is characterized by changes in mass. For this, the initial mass of the samples was measured:
Before drying:
Tashkent sample - a) 38.17 g;
b) 37 g (blue).
Chinese sample - a) 42.42 g;
b) 40.92 g (red).
After drying:
Tashkent sample - a) 38.09 g; dimensions -24x51x52 mm;
b) 36.91 g; dimensions - 24x51x51 mm.
Chinese sample - a) 42.34 g; dimensions - 25x50x52
mm;
b) 40.83 g; dimensions - 25x50x53 mm.
The next process to check the water absorption of samples produced in Tashkent and China for 2 hours boil in a water bath. After that, to see and calculate the degree of water absorption, we measured the sizes of the samples:
№ 2(131)
foeBpaflb, 2025 r.
Tashkent sample - 40.08 g; dimensions - 25x51x52
mm
Chinese sample - 42.55 g;dimensions - 25x50x52 mm From these results obtained, we can say that the mass of the samples has changed significantly. The next thing is to process the data obtained, for this we calculated with the formula below.
here, m1- mass of samples before boiling, g; m2-mass of samples after boiling, g.
We presented the calculation results in Table 1.
X = ^^ 100
mi
Table 1.
Results
Samples Weight before cooking, g Dimensions before cooking, mm Weight after cooking, g Dimensions after cooking, mm Changes in weight, % Changes in size, %
Tashkent 38,09 24x51x52 40,08 25x51x52 5,2 4,1
Chinese 40,83 25x50x53 42,55 25x50x53 3,7 -
2
1
Tashkent China
Change of masses Resizing
Figure 1. Graphics of size changes of samples during water absorption
0
The results show that samples produced in China contain less wood fillers than ours, in addition, from technological analyses one can see the difference in the doses of other components.
2. According to GOST 9590-76, the remaining samples that we dried and measured above were tested for swelling. For this, the samples were boiled in a water bath for 5 hours. Then the mass and dimensions of the samples were measured after boiling.
Tashkent sample - 39.31 g, dimensions - 25x51x51
mm
Chinese sample - 46.15 g, dimensions - 25x50x52 mm
The swelling of the samples according to the method is characterized by changes in the thickness of the samples. Then, according to the formula below, this data was calculated for processing them.
X=
hi —h2
100
here, h:- initial thickness of samples, mm; h2 -thickness size after cooking, mm;
The calculated data were combined into the results in the table below
h
i
№ 2(131)
foeBpaflb, 2025 r.
Table 2.
Results
Samples Weight before cooking, g Dimensions before cooking, mm Weight after cooking, g Dimensions after cooking, mm Changes in weight, % Changes in dimensions, %
Tashkent 36,91 24x51x51 39,31 25x51x51 6,5 4,1
Chinese 42,34 25x50x52 46,15 25x50x52 8,9 -
Swelling
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
8,9
6,5
4,1
4,4
Tashkent
China
■Change of masses Resizing
Figure 2. Graphics of change masses of samples during swelling
The results show that the thickness of the Chinesemade samples has not changed, which means that the wood filler in the Chinese WPC is very small and this means that the Chinese WPC does not meet environmental requirements.
During the study, it was proven that there is another difference between the products of these two manufacturers, that is, from the environmentally harmful side, for this, a room with dimensions suitable for a person was made of wood-polymer composite products. Manufactured in Uzbekistan and China on the basis of polypropylene and maintained at a temperature of 30-40 °C
for 5 days, the door was also closed, after 5 days, when the door of the room was opened, made of wood-polymer material. China, the room made of composite material had a toxic and very unpleasant, yeasty smell, and since the product did not allow air to pass through well, it created a very humid atmosphere, in the room made of wood-polymer composite material produced in Uzbekistan it smelled only like wood was added to it, and the atmosphere was not so humid.
Figure 3. Samples of wpc materials on the basepolipropiline
№ 2(131)
февраль, 2025 г.
Conclusion. From the above studies, it can be concluded that the physical and mechanical properties of wood-polymer composite materials based on polypropylene, produced in Uzbekistan, are somewhat higher than the physical and mechanical properties
of wood-polymer composite materials based on polyethylene, produced in China, and are environmentally friendly. The advantage of products manufactured only in China is that their weight is lighter than those produced in our country, and their appearance is decorative.
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