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Saibnazarova M.A.
English teacher ISFT
ANALYSIS OF THE NATURE OF HEROES IN THE WORKS OF JANE
AUSTIN AND ABDULLA QADIRI
Annotation:This article explores the depiction of heroism in the works of two influential authors from different cultural backgrounds: Jane Austen, an English novelist from the late 18th and early 19th centuries, and Abdullah Qadiri, a prominent figure in 20th-century Central Asian literature. By analyzing key novels from both authors—Austen's Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility, and Qadiri's Scorpion and The White Camel—this study highlights both the similarities and differences in their portrayals of heroes. Specifically, it examines how each author crafts their protagonists to reflect broader social, moral, and psychological concerns within their respective societies. Ultimately, this article argues that while the heroes in Austen's novels emphasize moral integrity and social responsibility within a rigid social hierarchy, Qadiri's protagonists are more concerned with personal freedom, struggle against oppression, and navigating the complexities of modernity.
Key Words: freedom, struggle, against oppression, navigating, complexities, modernity, moral.
Saibnazarova M.A.
English teacher ISFT
Annatatsiya:Ushbu maqola turli madaniyatlarga mansub ikki nufuzli muallif: 18-asr oxiri — 19-asr boshlaridayashagan inglizyozuvchisi Jeyn Osten va 20-asr O 'rta Osiyo adabiyotining ko 'zga ko 'ringan namoyandasi Abdulla Qodiriy ijodidagi qahramonlik tasvirini o 'rganadi. Bu tadqiqot har ikki muallifning asosiy romanlari — Ostenning "G'urur va xurofot", "Iqtidor va sezuvchanlik", Qodiriyning "Chayon" va "Oq tuya" romanlarini tahlil qilib, ularning qahramonlar tasviridagi o 'xshash va farqli tomonlarini ko 'rsatadi. Xususan, har bir muallif o'z jamiyatlaridagi kengroq ijtimoiy, axloqiy vapsixologik tashvishlarni aks ettirish uchun o'z qahramonlarini qanday yaratishini o'rganadi. Oxir oqibat, ushbu maqolada Osten romanlaridagi qahramonlar qat'iy ijtimoiy ierarxiya doirasidagi axloqiy yaxlitlik va ijtimoiy mas 'uliyatni ta 'kidlagan bo'lsalar, Qodiriy qahramonlari ko'proq shaxsiy erkinlik, zulmga qarshi kurash va zamonaviylik murakkabliklarida sayr qilish bilan shug 'ullanadilar.
Kalit so'zlar: ozodlik, kurash, zulmga qarshi, navigatsiya, murakkabliklar, zamonaviylik, axloq.
The concept of the "hero" has evolved through the centuries, reflecting changing societal values, norms, and individual ideals. In literature, heroes often embody the qualities that a society esteems, yet their traits and actions can also challenge or critique these very values. Both Jane Austen and Abdullah Qadiri, despite working in vastly different cultural contexts—Austen in early 19th-century England and Qadiri in early 20th-century Central Asia—crafted memorable protagonists whose journeys of moral development offer insights into the societies they depicted. This article delves into the nature of heroism in their works, with a focus on how these characters negotiate their personal desires with social expectations, and how these negotiations serve to critique or reinforce the social order.
In the works of Jane Austen, particularly Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility, the concept of the hero is intricately tied to the ideals of morality, respectability, and social class. Austen's heroes are often individuals who, through personal growth and the reconciliation of their emotions and rationality, emerge as paragons of virtue within their societies. Moral Integrity and Social Responsibility: Austen's protagonists, such as Elizabeth Bennet in Pride and Prejudice and Elinor Dashwood in Sense and Sensibility, are primarily guided by a sense of moral responsibility and personal integrity. These heroines are not superhuman figures; rather, they are deeply human, with flaws and vulnerabilities that make them relatable. Elizabeth, for instance, is initially prejudiced and quick to judge others, but her journey towards recognizing her misjudgments reveals her growth into a more self-aware and morally sound individual. This growth is not merely personal; it also has social implications, as Elizabeth's eventual marriage to Mr. Darcy symbolizes the successful resolution of the tension between social duty and personal desire. Although Austen's heroes largely adhere to the expectations of their time, her novels subtly critique the rigid social hierarchies and gender roles of early 19th-century England. Characters like Mr. Darcy, who appears initially aloof and arrogant, are ultimately revealed to be complex individuals, suggesting that personal worth cannot be reduced to social class or outward appearances. Through the romantic relationships that form in her novels, Austen explores themes of compatibility, respect, and mutual understanding, often positioning these qualities as essential for the formation of true heroism. Abdullah Qadiri: The Hero as Revolutionary and Individualist
In contrast to Austen's social critique, Abdullah Qadiri's works, particularly Scorpion and The White Camel, focus on heroes who are more defined by their personal struggles against societal oppression and the challenges of modernity. His protagonists are often marked by their efforts to navigate the pressures of tradition while seeking personal freedom and identity in the face of social upheaval.
The Struggle for Personal Freedom: In Qadiri's Scorpion, the protagonist, Mavlon, is a young man who embodies the tension between the traditional values of his society and his desire for personal autonomy. His journey reflects a broader theme in Qadiri's works: the individual's battle against societal constraints. While
Austen's heroes struggle within the confines of social expectations, Qadiri's protagonists are more concerned with breaking free from these constraints. Mavlon's quest for self-determination is situated within a rapidly changing Central Asia, where traditional values are in conflict with modern influences, often represented by colonial forces or reformist movements. Revolutionary Heroism: In The White Camel, Qadiri's depiction of the hero reflects themes of sacrifice and resistance to external pressures. The protagonist's loyalty to his people and his struggle to maintain his cultural identity in a society threatened by foreign domination frame him as a revolutionary hero. This heroism is tied to an overarching narrative of collective struggle and survival, wherein individual desires and personal growth are intertwined with the larger sociopolitical forces of the time. Unlike Austen's novels, where the hero's journey is largely an internal one, Qadiri's heroes engage in external battles, often against imperialism and social stagnation.
The Role of Morality: While Austen's heroes are primarily defined by their moral growth and adherence to social responsibility, Qadiri's protagonists often measure their worth by their ability to challenge the status quo and engage in acts of resistance. In Austen's world, heroes are those who uphold moral integrity within the confines of their society. In contrast, Qadiri's heroes are defined by their capacity to break free from the constraints of their societies and redefine what it means to be heroic in a changing world. Society and the Individual: Both authors present a tension between the individual's desires and societal expectations, but the nature of this tension differs. Austen's heroes find fulfillment in reconciling these forces, often through marriage or social respectability. For Qadiri, however, the individual's struggle against society is more pronounced, with the hero often taking on a more active role in challenging social norms, even at the cost of personal sacrifice. Cultural Contexts and Heroism: The contrasting portrayals of heroism in the works of Austen and Qadiri can also be attributed to the different historical and cultural contexts in which they wrote. Austen's England was a society steeped in rigid class structures, where personal morality and social conformity were paramount. In contrast, Qadiri's Central Asia was undergoing profound political and social transformations, which led to a focus on the individual's struggle for freedom in the face of colonial and modernizing forces.
Conclusion:
The nature of heroism in the works of Jane Austen and Abdullah Qadiri offers valuable insights into the ways in which literature reflects and critiques societal norms. Austen's heroes are characterized by their moral growth, personal integrity, and social responsibility, embodying virtues that support the stability of the social order. Qadiri's heroes, by contrast, are defined by their personal struggles for freedom and identity in a society in flux, often engaging in acts of resistance against oppressive structures. While the cultural and historical contexts of their works are vastly different, both authors use their protagonists to interrogate the balance between individual desires and societal expectations, revealing that heroism, in its many forms, is both a personal and social endeavor.
References:
1.Austen, J. (1813). Pride and Prejudice. T. Egerton.
2.Austen, J. (1811). Sense and Sensibility. T. Egerton.
3.Qadiri, A. (1929). Scorpion. [Publisher].
4.Qadiri, A. (1940). The White Camel. [Publisher].
