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For instance, Benjamin Von Wong's projects often highlight the staggering statistics surrounding e-waste generation and recycling rates. By transforming e-waste into thought-provoking installations, he encourages audiences to reflect on their consumption habits and consider the lifecycle of their devices. Cultural Significance
The fusion of electronics with art transcends mere aesthetics; it reflects broader cultural shifts regarding waste and sustainability. As societies grapple with the consequences of consumerism and technological advancement, e-waste art challenges traditional notions of value and beauty. By elevating discarded materials into works of art, these artists invite viewers to reconsider their perceptions of waste.
Moreover, e-waste art fosters a sense of community among artists and activists who share a commitment to environmental stewardship. Collaborative exhibitions and initiatives often emerge from this movement, creating platforms for dialogue around sustainability and responsible consumption practices. Challenges and Future Directions
Despite the growing recognition of e-waste art's significance, several challenges persist within this movement. Artists often face difficulties in sourcing quality materials due to limited recycling infrastructure or societal stigma surrounding waste. Additionally, there is a need for greater public education regarding proper disposal methods for electronic devices.
Conclusion
The fusion of electronics with art through e-waste transformation represents a powerful intersection between creativity and environmental consciousness. As artists continue to explore innovative ways to repurpose discarded technology, they challenge societal norms surrounding waste while raising awareness about pressing environmental issues. E-waste art not only serves as a catalyst for dialogue but also inspires individuals to rethink their relationship with technology and consumption patterns. By embracing this movement, we can pave the way for a more sustainable future where creativity flourishes alongside responsible stewardship of our planet's resources. References:
1. Abalansa, S., Hagan, E., & Kpodo, F. (2021). Climate change implications of electronic waste: Strategies for sustainable management. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(23), 30000-30012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13456-8
2. Dishaw, G. (n.d.). E-waste art: Transforming waste into creativity. Great Lakes Electronics. Retrieved from https://www.ewaste1.com/e-waste-art/
3. Forti, V., Balde, C.P., Kuehr, R., & Bel, G. (2020). The Global E-Waste Monitor 2020: Quantities, flows and the circular economy potential. United Nations University.
© Gurbanberdiyeva M., Bayramgeldiyev A., Soyungulyyev M., Jummanov U., 2024
УДК 62
Mac Van Bien, Duong Thi Lan, Vuong Quang Huy, Nguyen Van Hai
Faculty of Electronics and Informatics, College of Industrial Techniques (CIT),
Bac Giang City, Vietnam
ANALYSIS OF METHODOLOGICAL ERRORS IN THERMAL IMAGING CONTROL OF HEATED BODIES
Abstract
The article identifies the main causes of methodological errors in thermal imaging control of heated bodies
and the factors affecting the error of control. The main cause of the error is the lack of accurate functional dependencies of the material's emissivity on various factors. One of the main characteristics of the thermal imager's measuring instruments is the measurement error. The error of the thermal imager specified in the passport is an instrumental component. This component of the error guarantees the measurement error of the radiation flux of the heated object, but not the temperature.
Keywords:
Emissivity, radiation from heated bodies, radiation coefficient, pyrometry, optocal-electronic devices, errors of optocal-electronic devices.
The temperature of an object depends not only on the radiation flux, but also on other factors that are the source of the second component of the error - the methodical one. The methodical component can exceed the instrumental component in value.
The temperature of an object depends not only on the radiation flux, but also on other factors that are the source of the second component of the error - the methodical one. The methodical component can exceed the instrumental component in value.
The ratio of the spectral density of emissivity of a body at certain values of wavelength and temperature to the spectral absorption coefficient of the body (at the same values of À and T) is a constant value and equal to the spectral density of emissivity of an absolutely black body. The spectral density of the radiation flux of a black body depends on the wavelength and temperature. The distribution of the radiation density over the spectrum of real bodies and an absolutely black body are different. The distribution of energy over the spectrum of an absolutely black body is the same as that of a gray body. For these bodies, the ratio of their energy radiances to the energy radiance of an absolutely black body at the same temperature, called the emissivity, does not depend on the wavelength.
The emissivity coefficient eT depends on the material, temperature, state of the emitting surface and its degree of oxidation. The magnitude of the spectral emissivity coefficient e (À) depends on the wavelength, temperature of the object, and also on the angle of observation of the surface [1].
The integral emissivity is usually determined for the widely used spectral ranges of thermoradiometric equipment: 3-5 ^m and 8-12 ^m.
Pure metals without oxide films usually have a low emissivity in the infrared region, which usually increases with increasing metal temperature. Expressions are known for approximating the spectral functions as a function of temperature for various metals with a polished surface in the direction of the normal to the metal surface [2]:
^ор W = 0,006,
put
receive
Parameters that change emissivity include: material, surface structure, geometry, viewing angle, wavelength, temperature. The same surface usually has different emissivity at long and short wavelengths. The emissivity of a material can significantly affect the accuracy of temperature measurement. Emissivity increases with increasing surface roughness.
if 1
p[l + а(Т - 293)] - - 0,0667p [1 + а(Т - 293)] -_ X _ X
+ 0,365^ p[l + а(Т - 293)] -
ß = p\_ 1 + а(Т - 293)]
*теоР (X) = 0,006/jJ-0,0667ß + 0,365^
(1)
(2) (3)
Multiple reflections between planes contribute to the occurrence of the "light trap" effect, i.e. the absorbing or, conversely, emitting combination of planes of this type approaches a black body. With an increase in the viewing angle, the radiation flux from the surface of the test object decreases sharply, which affects the test result.
Among the existing methods for studying the integral radiation coefficient, the main methods that have become most widespread in the practice of laboratory research can be distinguished: radiation, calorimetric and non-stationary methods.
Figure 1 shows a diagram of an optical-electronic device for monitoring the temperature of solid materials with automatic correction of methodological errors [3].
Figure 1 - Optical-electronic device for monitoring the temperature of solid materials with automatic correction of methodological errors: 1 -pyrometer; 2 - base; 3 - heating element; 4 - reference object; 5 -mirror; 6 - rotary mechanism; 7 -registered object; 8 - computer; 9 -temperature controller; 10 -temperature recorder with
thermocouple.
Conclusions. The analysis shows that the emissivity of the surface of the thermal imaging control object is a very important characteristic that affects the accuracy of the control. Therefore, when conducting thermal imaging control, it is necessary to take into account the factors that affect the emissivity, and to set the emissivity of the object's material with the greatest accuracy. This is especially important for objects with a low emissivity (high reflectivity). An incorrectly set emissivity can lead to quite significant errors. Thus, an optical-electronic device ffor monitoring the temperature of solid materials with automatic correction of methodological errors allows for increasing the accuracy of measuring the temperature of an object. In addition, there is no need to search for information on the emissivity or to conduct experimental research on the emissivity. The disadvantage of the device is the selection of a reference material identical to the material of the sample being studied.
References
1. Kriksunov L. Z. (1978). Handbook of fundamentals of infrared technology. Moscow: Sovetskoe radio. [in Russian language]
2. Gossorg Zh. (1988). Infrared thermography. Fundamentals, technique, application. Moscow: Mir. [in Russian language]
3. A. N. Shilin, B. V. Mac, N. S. Kuznetsova. (2021). Optical-electronic instrument for measuring the radiation coefficient and temperature of the controlled object // Kontrol'. Diagnostika, Vol. 24, (8), pp. 36 - 43. [in Russian language].
© Mac B.V., Duong L.T., Vuong H.Q., Nguyen H.V., 2024
