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9Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, VOLUME 1 | SPECIAL ISSUE 2
educational, natural and social sciences q ISSN 2181-1784
Scientific Journal Impact Factor SJIF 2021: 5.423
ANALYSIS OF LITERARY WORKS OF MUHAMMED RIZA AGAHI
Dildora Azodovna Baxadirova
Lecturer at the Department of Western Languages, Tashkent State University of Oriental studies Khusnutdinova Azizabonu Jakhongirovna
1st year student of TSUOS
ABSTRACT
Muhammad Rizo Erniyozbek oglu Agahi, as a famous historian of the Uzbek people, a famous poet of his time, a skilled translator, presented his works and poems not only in Uzbekistan, but also in Central Asia and the world. Thoughts are given about a versatile and prolific scientist, a mature thinker, who played an important role in his legacy. The analysis of his historical works is described in detail in an artistic form.
Keywords: great scientist, mature thinker, Central Asia, famous poet, skilled translator, classification of works, poems, scientific heritage, manuscript, analysis of works.
АННОТАЦИЯ
Мухаммад Ризо Эрниезбек оглу Агахи, как известный историк узбекского народа, известный поэт своего времени, искусный переводчик, представил свои произведения и стихи не только в Узбекистане, но и в Средней Азии и мире. Речь идет о разностороннем и плодотворном ученом, зрелом мыслителе, сыгравшем важную роль в его наследии. Подробно описан анализ его исторических произведений в художественной форме.
Ключевые слова: великий ученый, зрелый мыслитель, Средняя Азия, известный поэт, опытный переводчик, классификация произведений, стихи, научное наследие, рукопись, анализ произведений.
INTRODUCTION
Muhammad Rizo Erniyozbek oglu Agahi as a famous historian of the Uzbek people, a famous poet of his time, a skilled translator, with his works and poems is great not only in Uzbekistan, but also in the whole Central Asian and world scientific heritage. he was a versatile and prolific scholar, a mature thinker. Agahi was born in 1809 and studied Arabic, Persian, Turkish and classical literature at Khiva madrassas. From a very young age, Muhammad Reza was raised by his uncle, Munis, a well-
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known historian and the country's chief of staff. In the house of Munis, the leading scholars and poets of his time often gathered and talked, and it was in this environment that Muhammad Riza took part in the conversations of famous poets and scholars of Khorezm, fans of literature. He studied the classics of the East, especially Navoi. At the same time, he was a great help to his uncle, and learned the secrets of the industry. That is why Munis died in 1829. Khiva khan Allakulikhan (1825-1842) appointed 20-year-old Muhammad Riza as the chief mirab of the palace, and from that time onwards the Agahi were engaged in the life of the people and the affairs of the palace. He visited many villages and got acquainted with the life, problems and dreams of the common people - farmers, artisans, and this is reflected in his work. His uncle Munis Khorezmi (Amir Avazbi's son Shermuhammad) played an important role in its formation.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Munis was a historian, scholar, translator, poet, calligrapher and enlightener. He was a scholar of Arabic, Persian, and Turkic literature, well versed in music and history, a skilled calligrapher, and well versed in Kufic, Rayhani, and Shikasta. Munis Khiva khan on behalf of Eltuzarkhan began to create a valuable historical work on the history of Khorezm "Firdavsul-iqbol". When Munis wrote his work before the reign of Shergozikhan, Eltuzarkhan died and Muhammad Rahimkhan I, who succeeded him to the throne, ordered Munis to continue the work. Munis continued his work "Firdavsul-Iqbol", which included the ancient history of Khorezm, the political history of the Khiva Khanate, relations with the Turkmen and Karakalpak peoples, socio-economic and cultural life, diplomatic relations with Bukhara, Kokand khanates, Russia and trade relations, irrigation in the khanate, and described the life and work of the scholars and poets who lived at that time. The work ends with a description of the events of 1813. Because in 1819, the khan ordered Munis to translate Mirkhand's famous historical work "Ravzat us-safo" into Uzbek. In this regard, Munis stopped writing Firdavsul-iqbal and translated the first volume of Ravzat us-safo into Uzbek, while continuing the second, first Muhammad Rahimkhan I and in 1829 Munis himself reaches When the next ruler of the Khiva khanate, Allakulikhan, ascended the throne, between 1839 and 1840, he ordered Agahi, a student of Munis, to continue Firdavsul-Iqbal, which had been discontinued in 1813. During this period, Muhammad Riza Agahi, who was 30 years old, continued the work "Firdavsul-Iqbal" started by his teacher Munis but not completed. Firdavsul-Iqbol, co-authored by Munis and Ogahi, explores the history, culture, art, customs, and way of life of the Uzbek, Tajik, Kazakh, Turkmen, Karakalpak, Russian,
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Iranian, and Afghan peoples living in the region. It serves as an important resource in the study. Continuing the tradition of Khorezm historiography, Agahi created a number of works on the history of the later periods of the Khiva khanate. His Riyaz ud-Dawla (1844), Zubdat ut-Tavorix (1846), dedicated to the time of Rahimqulikhan, and Jome'-ul-Vojoti Sultani, dedicated to the time of Muhammad Aminkhan. (1856), "Gulshani Davlat" (1865), dedicated to the time of Sayyid Muhammadkhan (1865), "Shahidi Iqbol" ("Witness of Iqbol") dedicated to the time of Muhammad Rahimkhan Feruz, the Khiva khanate from 1813 to 1874. The history of the region was covered in chronological order, based on rich historical sources. He lived during the reign of eight khans who came to the throne of Khiva, witnessed military campaigns and historical events, and reflected them in his works. For example, in the first part of his work "Zubdatu-t-tavorix" Rahimkulikhan's birth, study and acquisition of military skills, as well as his activities as the ruler of Khazarasp in the artistic form are described in detail. explained. The second part of the work, 186, reflects the events that took place from the day of Rahimqulikhan's accession to the throne until his death.
In it, the ruler of Khiva Rahimqulikhan is praised for his virtues, his knowledge of many sciences, his compassion for citizens and, in general, the enlightenment of the Khiva khans, his special attention to the development of literature, art and science. is emphasized. Agahi's works provide interesting information about the social history and life of indigenous peoples, their daily activities, the construction of mosques and madrasas, political events - popular uprisings, the history of wars, and historical figures - scientists, poets and writers. The text of the works is characterized by a combination of poetry and prose. Each historical event is narrated in an artistic way, and in accordance with the image and spirit of each event, it is used in the form of poetic fragments, masnavi, qita, byte, rubai, fard.
Agahi's historical works, which shed light on the events of the Khiva Khanate from 1813 to 1873, are based on rich sources and geography, rich in ethnographic information. Agahi also developed Munis' traditions in this field. Munis and Ogahi co-authored Firdavsu-l-Iqbal and his five works on the history of Khorezm, not only the history of the Uzbek people, but also the history and culture of the fraternal Tajik, Kazakh, Turkmen, Karakalpak, Russian, Iranian and Afghan peoples. , art, customs, psychology, the origin of these peoples, the source of their livelihood, also serves as a source in the study of the history of the tribes. It is noteworthy that these works were written by talented poets, progressive writers Munis, Agahi, and included the history
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of peoples, life, daily activities, construction of mosques, madrasas, descriptions of various events, popular uprisings, history of wars, great people, scholars, poets, writers, and the like are presented in prose, poetry on a realistic basis, accurately, clearly. With his historical works, Agahi created a valuable historical chronicle that covers more than half a century of Khorezm and made a significant contribution to the development of historiography in Central Asia. He lived and worked during the reign of eight successive khans. He took part in the military campaigns of the khans, saw all the events with his own eyes, and later accurately reflected them in his historical works. Muhammed Reza Agahi was a very prolific and versatile scholar. In addition to creating a large collection of poems and six historical works, he also created 187 works in the field of translation. Agahi has translated a total of 19 works of art, history and other genres from Persian into Uzbek. CONCLUSION
He translated another Ottoman Turkish work into Uzbek. Of the 27 works, 23 have survived in large numbers. Agahi's ideas, imbued with a high humanitarian spirit, influenced the political and enlightenment upbringing of the khan and poet Feruz. As a historian, he wrote poems dedicated to the khans of Khiva and great historical figures. Agahi's Qasidai Nasihat is dedicated to Feruz. In his sermons, he shows the way to the rule of the kingdom, the way to govern the country and the people with justice. Khan Agahi's wise verses were inscribed on marble and placed in tombs. Agahi translated more than twenty works from Persian into Uzbek. As a skilled translator, Munis published volumes 2-3 of Mirkhand's "Ravzat us-safo", Muhammad Mahdikhan's "Nodirnoma" (5 volumes), Sharafiddin Ali Yazdi's "Zafarnoma", Muhammad Yusuf Munshi's "Tazkirai Mukimkhaniy", Rizokulikhon Hidoyat's "Ravzat", us-safai Nasiriy ". Agahi's work was of great importance not only to his contemporaries, but also to the next generation of historians. REFERENCES:
1. Baxadirova D.A., Khusnutdinova A.J. Analysis of historical works of Muhammed Riza Agahi. International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research and Innovative Technologies. November 10th 2021 https://academiascience.org/
2. Munirov Q. Historiography in Khorezm :: (XVI-XIX and early XX centuries). -T., Ghafur Ghulam Publishing House of Literature and Art, 2002.
3. Munis and Ogahi. Firdavs ul-iqbal. -T., 2010. P.467.
4. Munirov Q. Historical works of Munis, Ogahi and Bayani. - T .: Fan, 1960.
5. Muhammad Rizo Erniyozbek oglu Ogahi. Zubdatu-t-tavorix / Prepared and published by N.Jabborov. -T., 2009.
