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https://doi.org/10.29013/AJT-20-1.2-37-39
Halimova Shahina Eminzhonovna, assistant to Bukhara State University, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
E-mail: [email protected]
ABOUT THE GLOBALIZATION OF ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
Abstract. The article discusses the causes of global environmental problems, their globalization, and the fight against aging. It analyzes the manifestations of problems and the effective ways of preventing these problems around the world.
Keywords: ozone cover, biosphere, environmental situation, environmental threats, gene pool, urbanization, anthropogenic, mineral fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides, household waste.
At present, due to the rapid development of The problem of achieving equilibrium is becoming
more urgent.
Environmental security is one of the most important issues for humanity because of its importance and importance. Constructive solutions to these problems can largely determine the quality and standard of living of present and future generations and provide environmentally friendly technological development of industrial sectors of the economy. It is known that the degradation of nature does not occur immediately or suddenly, and this process is observed for a long time, in other words, the environmental situation gradually accumulates [2].
Environmental problems have become one of the most acute global social problems of our time, the solution of which affects the interests of all peoples, and the present and future of civilization are largely dependent on it.
At the present stage of development, a number of problems of human relations with nature cannot be solved only on one country, but they must be solved globally. It is clear that many of the environmental protection problems are of global nature and can only be solved through international cooperation.
It is sad to say that one of the most dangerous zones of environmental disaster in Central Asia has emerged. The complexity of the situation is not only the cumulative effect of overlooking this
scientific and technical progress around the world, natural resources are increasingly involved in economic turnover. In addition, the annual population growth requires more food, fuel, clothing and more. These can result in rapid shrinkage of forests, desertification, soil erosion, ozone depletion in the upper atmosphere, increased air temperature, and more.
One of the main problems is the atmosphere and, accordingly, air pollution. Atmospheric air was the first to notice the impact of technological advances. Imagine tens of thousands of tons ofharmful and toxic emissions into the atmosphere every day. Many industries and industries are irreparable and simply impact on the environment, such as oil, metallurgy, food and other industries. As a result, a large amount of carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere, which is why the planet is always warming up. Although the temperature differences are insignificant, globally, these hydrological regimes can have a significant impact on their variations. In addition to all this, air pollution is reflected in weather conditions that have already changed with technological advances [1].
Today, in the context of intensive scientific and technological development and changes in the geopolitical structure of the world, today, regulation of human impact on the biosphere, harmonization of social development and preservation of favorable natural environment, human-nature relations
Section 3. Technical sciences
problem for decades, but also the fact that almost all areas of life in the region are exposed to environmental hazards. We have a bitter experience of proving that nature does not tolerate rudeness and arrogance. He will not forgive it. The pseudo-socialist ideological postulate that man is a master of nature, especially in the Central Asian region, is a tragedy for the lives of many people, nations, and nations, under the extinction and destruction of the gene pool. put it.
First, the threat of limited land and its low content is constantly increasing. In Central Asia, the land is a priceless gift - it literally feeds, dresses people, provides material for the well-being of many families, not only the agricultural population, but the entire population of the country. provides the basis.
If we take into account the relatively high population growth, the rapid pace of urbanization and the allocation of new fertile land for urban development and housing, the creation of new businesses, engineering and transport networks, in the years to come, in the 21st century. there may be a problem of land availability. will become even stronger.
The problem is exacerbated by the high levels of natural desertification, as well as the anthropogenic process of desertification, that is, human activities, especially at the turn of the 20th century. In this case, environmental degradation is accompanied by soil erosion, soil salinization, depletion of surface and ground water, and other events.
The use of inorganic fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides in Uzbekistan is ten times higher than the permissible norms. Soils, rivers, lakes, underground and drinking water are polluted. In addition, new technologies were not followed during the operation of the new land, uncontrolled cotton irrigation, soil swamping, and secondary salinization [3].
Soil pollution by various industrial and household wastes was a real threat. The gross violation of the rules for the storage, disposal, transportation and use of various chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers, industrial and building materials, results in contami-
nation of land and limits their ability to use them effectively.
Intensive mining, often without technological processing schemes, not only occupies agricultural land, but also contains significant amounts of garbage, ash and other substances that are a source of air, ground and groundwater, and air pollution. is accompanied by accumulation of.
In Uzbekistan, there are more than 230 cities and villages with solid waste landfills, which collect about 30 million cubic meters of garbage. They are formed on their own, without a thorough understanding of geographical, geological, hydrogeological and other conditions. Solid waste disposal is very simple. The major problem with the disposal of domestic wastes is in the large cities of the republic. The question of industrial processing of domestic waste has not yet been approved by the Republic. The only Tashkent experimental domestic waste collection facility was launched in 1991.
Detection ofenvironmental, social, economic and political environmental risks can only be achieved if comprehensive and objective monitoring materials are available. In our view, the most important task at this stage is to create a reliable system of continuous monitoring of the environmental situation in Central Asia, with timely notification of the population and anticipation of possible emergencies. In addition, in accordance with the National Environmental Action Plan of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the main areas of environmental policy are:
- creation of favorable living conditions for the population;
- Rational use and management of natural resources;
- Biodiversity Conservation in Uzbekistan.
Implementation of the planned work is possible
only if the country has a network of monitoring stations, which are part of the Central Asian network of stations, which regularly monitor the level of water, soil, air pollution and confirm changes in the environment.
Another important issue in the region is the need Water quality is one of the most important is-
to implement water protection and water conserva- sues. Since the 1960s, large-scale development of
tion measures, and to closely coordinate irrigation new lands, extensive development of industry and
network regimes and parameters with irrigation livestock complexes, urbanization, the construction
techniques to minimize water losses. include. It is of collector and drainage systems in Central Asia,
necessary to simplify collector-drainage water dis- and the ever-increasing flow of river water for ir-
charges and to stop wastewater discharge to rivers rigation have been observed in river basins. water
and reservoirs. quality gradually began to deteriorate.
References:
1. Danilov-Danilyan V. I. On the sustainability of ecosystems // Ecosystems: ecology and dynamics.- M.: Nauka, 2018.- Vol. 2.- No. 1.- P. 5-12.
2. Khitrov N. B., Novikova N. M., Vyshivkin A. A., Volkova N. A. Solonetsky complex of the Northern Caspian region: phyto- and soil diversity, the relationship between soils, microrelief and plant communities, variability under conditions of climate change and cattle grazing // Ecosystems: ecology and dynamics. 2018.- P. 34-72.
3. Mitrahovich P. A. Natural and ecological potential of the lake and lakeside territories / Belarusian State University.- Minsk: BSU, 2016.- 118 p.
